A program that finds websites and webpages

INTRODUCTION

TO INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY

CHAPTER 2: Connecting and Communicating Online

RECALLING PREVIOUS CLASS

2

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What is the definition of Computer?

Computer is an Electronic device designed to:

Accepts Data

(Characters, pictures sounds,

etc.)

INPUT

Processes

Data into Information

Display the results of

these Process OUTPUT

Store the results (Information) for future use.

Data

Data is raw, unorganized facts

that need to be processed. Data can be useless until it is

organized

Information

When data is processed,

organized, and structured to make it

useful, it is called Information

Are Data and Information synonyms?

NO

What is the Information Processing Cycle?

Input

Process

OutputStorage

Communi cation

What are hardware and software?

6

Hardware: Electronic and mechanical equipment

Software: Instructions that tell hardware how to perform tasks

is any

hardware

component

that allows you

to enter data,

programs,

commands,

and user

responses into

a computer

What is an input device?

What is an output device?

Output device is any hardware that makes the information available for use

What is the System Unit?

What is a Computer Network?

• A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media

– Local area network

– Wide area network

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In your opinion, what is the main reason

that people purchase computers and

mobile devices?

The INTERNET Access

Why

?

Because:

Through the Internet, people has access from all around the world.

1. Instantaneously, you can find local and national news, weather reports, sports scores, stock prices, your medical records, your credit report, educational materials.

2. At your fingertips, you can send messages to others, meet new friends, shop, take a course, play a game, listen music and watch a movie.

3. The magnificence of the internet is you can access it from a computer anywhere: at work, at home, at school, at the beach, in a restaurant and even on an airplane.

Some of uses of the INTERNET are:

1. Access a news, and research material. 2. Communicate with others around the world. 3. Bank and invest. 4. Shop for goods and services. 5. Download and listen music or download and watch videos,

movies, etc. 6. Take courses or access other educational material 7. Access sources of entertainment such as online games,

magazines, vacation planning guides. 8. Access others computers and files. 9. Share and edit documents with others in real time. 10.Provide information, photographs, audio clips, or videos clips.

• The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

What INTERNET Is?

Objectives

Discuss the evolution of the Internet

Identify various broadband Internet connections

Describe the types of Internet access providers and Web Pages

Describe the purpose of an IP address and its relationship to a domain name

Explain how e-mail, mailing lists, instant messaging, chat rooms, VoIP, newsgroups and message boards, and FTP work

Describe how to use a search engine to search for information on the Web

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Evolution of the Internet

• The Internet originated as ARPANET in September 1969 and had two main goals:

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Function even if part of the network were disabled or

destroyed by a disaster

Allow scientists at different physical locations to share

information and work together

Evolution of the Internet

1969 ARPANET (Advanced

research Projects Agency) becomes

functional

1984 ARPANET has more than

1,000 individual computers

linked as hosts

1986 NSF (National Science

Foundation) connects NSFnet to ARPANET and becomes known as the Internet

1996 Internet2

is founded

Today More than 550 million hosts

connect to the Internet

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World Wide Web Consortium

(W3C)

• Oversees research, sets standards and guidelines

Internet2 (I2)

• Develops and tests advanced Internet

technologies

Who controls the Internet?

 Nobody; it is public, cooperative, and an independent network.

 Several organizations set standards.

Government

Cable

companies

Satellite

companies

Telephone

companies

Who provides the Internet’s structure today?

Networks from

corporations,

commercial

firms, and other

companies

Connecting to the Internet

Wired

• Cable Internet service

• DSL (digital subscriber line)

• Fiber to the Premises (FTTP)

Wireless

• Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity)

• Mobile broadband

• Fixed wireless

• Satellite Internet Service

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Connecting to the Internet • A hot spot is a wireless network that provides Internet connections

to mobile computers and devices

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What is an Internet access provider? • An access provider is a business that provides individuals

and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee.

22 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

The Internet relies on an addressing system much like the postal service.

An IP address (Internet protocol address) is a number that identifies each computer and consists of four groups of numbers separated by a period.

The number in each group is between 0 and 255.

EX: 69.32.133.11

The first portion of each IP address identifies the network and the last portion identifies the specific computer.

Because all-numeric IP addresses are difficult to remember, it’s possible to use a text name that represents one or more IP addresses. A domain name is the text version of an IP address. The components of a domain name are separated by periods.

The domain name system (DNS) is the system on the Internet that stores the domain names and theirs corresponding IP addresses.

IP Address: 13.82.28.61 IP Address: 216.58.198.174

Domain Name: www.msn.com Domain Name: www.google.com

To convert from Domain Name to IP Address http://moonsy.com/domain-ip/

http://www.google.com/
http://moonsy.com/domain-ip/
Some important terms…

• The World Wide Web, or Web, consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (Web pages)

• A Web site is a collection of related Web pages and associated items

• A Web server is a computer that delivers requested Web pages to your computer

• Web 2.0 refers to Web sites that provide a means for users to interact. Ex Social Networks and Wikis.

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The World Wide Web • A Web browser, or browser, allows users to access Web

pages and Web 2.0 programs

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Internet Explorer

Firefox Opera

Safari Google Chrome

Some important terms…

• A home page is the first page that a Web site displays

• Web pages provide links to other related Web pages

– Surfing the Web

• Downloading is the process of receiving information from the Web.

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• Some Web pages are designed specifically for microbrowsers

What is URL? • A Web page has a unique address called a URL (Uniform

resource locator ) or Web address.

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Search Engine Vs. Subject Directory

• Two types of search tools are search engines and subject directories

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Search engine

is software that finds websites, webpages, images, videos, news,

maps, and other information related to a specific topic

Subject directory

A subject directory classifies webpages in an organized set of

categories, such as sports or shopping, and related subcategories

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Figure 2-10 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

How refine your search?

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Types of Web Sites

• There are thirteen types of Web sites

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Portal News Informational Business/Marketing

Blog Wiki Online Social Network

Educational

Types of Web Sites

Entertainment Advocacy Web Application

Content Aggregator

Personal

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The World Wide Web

• Multimedia refers to any application that combines text with:

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The World Wide Web

• A plug-in is a program that extends the capability of a Web browser

36Page 97

Figure 2-24

E-Commerce

• E-commerce is a business transaction that occurs over an electronic network

– M-commerce identifies e-commerce that takes place using mobile devices

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Other Internet Services

• E-mail is the transmission of messages and files via a computer network

• An e-mail program allows you to create, send, receive, forward, store, print, and delete e-mail messages

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Other Internet Services

• A mailing list is a group of e- mail names and addresses given a single name

– Subscribing adds your e-mail name and address

– Unsubscribing removes your name

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Other Internet Services

• Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internet communications service

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Other Internet Services

• A chat is a real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer

• A chat room is a location on an Internet server that permits users to chat with each other

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Other Internet Services

• VoIP (Voice over IP) enables users to speak to other users over the Internet.

– Also called Internet telephony

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Other Internet Services

• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading with other computers on the Internet

• Many operating systems include FTP capabilities

• An FTP server is a computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using FTP

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Netiquette is the code of acceptable Internet behavior

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Summary

History and structure of the Internet

World Wide Web

Browsing, navigating, searching, Web publishing, and

e-commerce

Other Internet services: e-mail, instant

messaging, chat rooms, VoIP, newsgroups and

message boards, and FTP

Rules of netiquette