Loading...

Messages

Proposals

Stuck in your homework and missing deadline? Get urgent help in $10/Page with 24 hours deadline

Get Urgent Writing Help In Your Essays, Assignments, Homeworks, Dissertation, Thesis Or Coursework & Achieve A+ Grades.

Privacy Guaranteed - 100% Plagiarism Free Writing - Free Turnitin Report - Professional And Experienced Writers - 24/7 Online Support

Https www youtube com watch v yr5cjyokvus

13/11/2021 Client: muhammad11 Deadline: 2 Day

• 2nd Research Example

• Quiz #1 Debrief

• Research Ethics

• Practice

• Workplace Productivity – You are interested in the factors that influence and have relationships with employee’s productivity in the workplace.

Questions: 1. What are one (1) directional & one (1) non-directional

research hypothesis? 2. What are the IV and DV in this scenario?

a. What might be an operational definition for these variables?

3. Is this research being done experimentally or non- experimentally? a. How can you tell?

4. Is this a qualitative or quantitative research study? a. How can you tell?

Research Scenario Example #2

Conceptual Math Achievement

Trust (Workplace)

Depression

Anger

Operational Score on PSSA Math

Score on the ITA (International Trust Assessment)

Hamilton Depression Rating Scale

Yelling, hitting, etc.

Variable Definition (IV or DV)

Quiz 1

• How’d it go?

• Questions / Concerns?

• 1 Hour?

• Let’s take a look.

Types of Variables

Continuous and discrete variables

• Continuous: Measured along a continuum at any place beyond the decimal point, meaning that it can be measured in whole units or fractional units

• E.g. Olympic sprinters are timed to the nearest hundredths place (in seconds), but if the Olympic judges wanted to clock them to the nearest millionths place, they could

Types of Variables

Continuous and discrete variables

• Discrete: Measured in whole units or categories that are not distributed along a continuum

• E.g. Number of brothers and sisters you have, socioeconomic class (working class, middle class, upper class)

Recap So Far

• Empirical Research

• Experimental vs. Non-Experimental

• Quantitative vs. Qualitative

• Hypothesis vs. Research Question

• Directional

• Independent Variable vs. Dependent Variable

• Variable Definitions

• Conceptual vs. Operational

• Investigator is liable; must ensure…

– Protection from harm

– Experiments? Survey?

– Informed consent

– Privacy

– Knowledge of results

– Potential benefit

– Debriefing

• For sponsored work, University is also liable

– Institutional Review Board (IRB)

– Offering Inducements?

– Anonymity vs. Confidentiality

Ethics in Human Subject Research

IRB Approval

Ethical Use of Deception Deception in research • Can be active (deliberately untruthful) or passive

(omission of key information about a study)

• For IRB to approve the use of deception:

• The deception is necessary, and the use of nondeceptive alternatives is not feasible

• There is no reasonable expectation for causing physical pain or severe emotional distress to participants

• Participants are informed of the deception as early as possible, but no later than at the end of data collection

• Use of Placebo

• Difficult to study topics

How did we get here?

• Who?

• Prisoners, Minorities, Children, Poor, Mental Disease, Cognitive Disabilities

• What?

• Nuremberg Code

• Study of Disease Progression

• Syphilis, Plague, STD’s

• Tuskegee Alabama – US Public Health Dept.

• Jonas Salk – Infected with Influenza

• Radiation Poisoning

• Efficacy of Torture and Interrogation techniques

• Holmseburg Prison (1962 – 1965)

Ethics in Human Subject Research

Tuskegee Syphilis

• 3 Stages – 3rd Stage debilitating / disfiguring / fatal

• There was a stigma (sin) based on sexual transmission

• Oslo Study – 1920’s

• Withheld treatment for 2,000 from white patients

• 70% proceed to latent stage – Noncontagious

• 30% proceed deadly tertiary stage

• Findings – Unethical to withhold treatment

• US 1929 – Mass Syphilis treatment was viable

• 1932 (Taliaferro Clark)– Tuskegee Institute – Macon County GA

• Observe Black Men 25-60

• Underlying Racist Rationale – “Black men won’t follow instructions, So …”

• White doctors correspondance – laced with racist stereotypes

Tuskegee Syphilis

• Many men has already seen a doctor • All wanted to participate to get treatment

• Doctors Deception • Said they had been misdiagnosed with “Bad Blood” • Given other / fake treatment • Told they were being treated • Signed over rites to autopsy • Got other doctors to lie

DID NOT GIVE THEM SYPHILIS • Later added a control group

• 390 Test • 200 Control Group

• Other Benefits • Rides into Tuskegee Institute • Free Meal • Ride back • Burial Expenses

Tuskegee Syphilis

• Not a secret

• 15 different papers published between 1935 - 1957

• 1960’s – Concerns were raised by several health officials

• 1972 – Broke story in Washington Star & NY Times

• US paid 9 Million in class action lawsuit from NAACP

• 1997 – US officially apologizes

• Some got treatment – Penicillin

• Moved away

• Covert from some staff

Impact

• Increase in mistrust of Medical community

• Increase mortality in African American population

Tuskegee Syphilis

Social / Psychological Phenomena

– Wendell Johnson 1939 – “Monster Experiment”

– Create Stuttering in orphans

– Stanley Milgrim –

– Obedience Experiment 1961

– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOYLCy5PVgM

– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yr5cjyokVUs

– “Experimenter” Movie

– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5nYVFO5zZiM

– Philip Zimbardo

– Stanford Prison Experiment – August 1971

– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_LKzEqlPto

– Movie

– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XN2X72jrFk

– Abu Ghraib

Ethics in Human Subject Research

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOYLCy5PVgM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yr5cjyokVUs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5nYVFO5zZiM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_LKzEqlPto
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XN2X72jrFk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XN2X72jrFk
Stanley Milgrim

1. What are the IV and DV in this scenario?

Research Scenario - Cheating

Independent

Personality

-Risk Taking - Desperation

Dependent

Incorrect Scoring

• MC Exam

• Essay Exam

Cheating

a. What might be an operational definition for these variables?

Research Scenario - Cheating

Conceptual Personality

• Risk Taking

• Desperation

Cheating

• MC Exam

• Essay Exam

Operational

Score on Myers-Briggs Personality Test

Exam not scored accurately

• MC Exam

• Essay Exam

2. Is this research being done experimentally or

non-experimentally? a. How can you tell?

Non-Experimental

3. Is this a qualitative or quantitative research

study? a. How can you tell?

Quantitative

Research Scenario - Cheating

Relational Causal

Non- directional

• Certain personality attributes are related to classroom cheating.

• Risk taking is related to incidence of cheating.

• Causal hypotheses must be directional.

Directional

• High risk taking levels are positively correlated with classroom cheating.

• Personality attributes are positively correlated with incorrect self scoring.

• High risk taking levels will lead to an increased chance of classroom cheating.

• Certain personality traits predict the likelihood of classroom cheating.

What are one (1) directional & one (1)

non-directional research hypothesis?

5. How are the following relevant in this proposal?

a. Informed consent a. Students did not consent to participate in research

b. Deception a. Information is withheld from participants

c. Confidentiality / Anonymity a. The research is not anonymous and students who cheat will be

identified

d. Risks a. Students are placed in a potentially stressful classroom situation in

which other students are cheating, and they themselves may struggle with the decision to cheat. If they do cheat, they may be labeled by instructors and other students as cheaters

e. Benefits a. It is important in society to understand the factors that promote

cheating

Research Scenario - Cheating

6. What are the possible consequences (risks and

benefits) of this research for: a. The participants

b. The instructor/researcher

c. Other students who do not participate

d. Other instructors

e. Society

Research Scenario - Cheating

Participant • Risks

• Stressful cheating situations, • Risk of being discovered as a cheater • The distress that follows when deception is revealed. • Academic consequences for those who are caught cheating • Cheaters may do better on the make-up test because of additional time spent studying.

The risks of the research should not be greater than what an individual might experience in the course of everyday life. In the present situation, taking exams, and the opportunity and occurrence of cheating are likely to be part of students' regular experiences.

• Benefits • Learning about factors that influence whether a person decides to cheat

• The satisfaction derived from participating in psychological research.

Instructor/researcher • Risks

• Being identified as an instructor who is not honest with students.

• Benefits • Learning about factors that influence whether students cheat in the most natural situation possible - the classroom.

• Ability to publish the results of the study in a scientific journal, which will enhance his or her prestige.

Risks & Benefits

Other Students who do not participate • Risks • Creation of an academic environment in which cheating seems to be easy and perhaps necessary in

order to achieve good grades.

• Benefits • Gaining information about the factors that influence cheating so that universities can take steps to

prevent cheating.

Other instructors in the university • Risks

• Environment will be created in which students do not trust instructors and students believe that cheating is easy and necessary.

• Benefit • They will learn about the factors that influence cheating so that they can take steps to decrease

cheating in their own classrooms.

Society • Risks

• Researchers develop the reputation of being dishonest and covert in their attempts to study behavior.

• Mistrust of science, particularly psychological science.

• Benefit • Greater understanding of cheating behavior in real-life settings, which may lead to possible

methods to lessen the incidence of cheating.

Risks & Benefits

7. What alternative methods exist for conducting this

research? • What are the ethical consequences of these methods (see

Step 2)?

• What are the ethical consequences of not doing this

research?

• Modify this research • Consent

• In a Laboratory

• Without deception?

• Naturalistic Research – unobtrusive observation

• Self Report Survey of cheating?

Alternate Approaches

Practice –Groups of 3-4 You want to study the relationship between THC and cognitive performance • What is the IV & DV?

• Operational Definitions?

• How could you study Experimentally? • How could you study Non-Experimentally? • Which “Method” is the only way to establish causation. • Ethical concerns with either of these methods?

You want to study whether

1. Listening to classical music improves memory 2. Wearing name tags makes people happier with their work 3. Exposure to public television improves their reading skills • What is the IV & DV? • What is Non Directional Hypothesis? • What is a Directional Hypothesis?

You want to study how employees with a learning disability feel at your company. • Why is qualitative research a better fit?

Practice –Groups of 3-4

You want to study the relationship between THC and cognitive performance

• What is the IV & DV? • Operational Definitions?

• THC – How much? How Often?

• Cognitive Performance – 10 item Problem solving test

• How could you study Experimentally? • One group is receiving THC and another Oregano. They'll be given

the same list of words to study while smoking. Recall is tested one hour later.

• How could you study Non-Experimentally? • Ask participants about THC consumption / Marijuana use

• Causation?

Practice –Groups of 3-4 You want to study whether

1. Listening to classical music improves memory • IV – Music DV – Memory

• Listening to classical music effects Memory

• Listening to classical music improves memory

2. Wearing name tags makes people happier with their work • IV – Name Tags DV – Happiness

• Wearing name tags and employee happiness are related

• Employees wearing name tags are happier

3. Exposure to public television improves their reading skills • IV – Public TV DV – Reading Skills

• Watching public TV and impacts reading skills

• Watching public TV lowers reading skills

Listening to Music Educational Benefits

• 1993 – College students improved spatial - temporal reasoning (picturing spatial pattern & fitting in space) tasks with Mozart

• Improved for 10 minutes and gone in 1 hour

• “Mozart Effect” Farce – Improves IQ

• Since – Meta Analysis

• Improvement Statistically insignificant

• Other studies suggest improvement in spatial & temporal reasoning tasks

• 2010 – Surgeons improve alertness, concentration, performance with background music

• Repeated with manual tasks

• The kind of music matters

• Could distract and interfere with cognitive performance

Practice –Groups of 3-4 You want to study how employees with a learning disability feel at your company.

• Why is qualitative research a better fit?

• Small N (# of participants)

• Purposeful sample (not random)

• Flexible measurement tools – Survey, interview, etc.

• Unsure of outcome, relationships, meaningful independent variables

• You are not interested in testing a specific hypothesis

• You aren’t interested in generalizing to other environments

Assignments

• Research Proposal Assignment

• Due by 5:30 PM on 9/21

• See .pdf on BB

Talk to me before you leave tonight if you are stuck

• Quiz #2 – Ch.2 & 3

• Due Week 5 – 9/28

Homework is Completed By:

Writer Writer Name Amount Client Comments & Rating
Instant Homework Helper

ONLINE

Instant Homework Helper

$36

She helped me in last minute in a very reasonable price. She is a lifesaver, I got A+ grade in my homework, I will surely hire her again for my next assignments, Thumbs Up!

Order & Get This Solution Within 3 Hours in $25/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 3 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 6 Hours in $20/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 6 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 12 Hours in $15/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 12 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

6 writers have sent their proposals to do this homework:

Smart Homework Helper
Accounting & Finance Specialist
Helping Engineer
Engineering Exam Guru
Coursework Helper
Write My Coursework
Writer Writer Name Offer Chat
Smart Homework Helper

ONLINE

Smart Homework Helper

Being a Ph.D. in the Business field, I have been doing academic writing for the past 7 years and have a good command over writing research papers, essay, dissertations and all kinds of academic writing and proofreading.

$36 Chat With Writer
Accounting & Finance Specialist

ONLINE

Accounting & Finance Specialist

As per my knowledge I can assist you in writing a perfect Planning, Marketing Research, Business Pitches, Business Proposals, Business Feasibility Reports and Content within your given deadline and budget.

$48 Chat With Writer
Helping Engineer

ONLINE

Helping Engineer

I am a PhD writer with 10 years of experience. I will be delivering high-quality, plagiarism-free work to you in the minimum amount of time. Waiting for your message.

$33 Chat With Writer
Engineering Exam Guru

ONLINE

Engineering Exam Guru

I am a PhD writer with 10 years of experience. I will be delivering high-quality, plagiarism-free work to you in the minimum amount of time. Waiting for your message.

$41 Chat With Writer
Coursework Helper

ONLINE

Coursework Helper

As an experienced writer, I have extensive experience in business writing, report writing, business profile writing, writing business reports and business plans for my clients.

$36 Chat With Writer
Write My Coursework

ONLINE

Write My Coursework

I am an experienced researcher here with master education. After reading your posting, I feel, you need an expert research writer to complete your project.Thank You

$28 Chat With Writer

Let our expert academic writers to help you in achieving a+ grades in your homework, assignment, quiz or exam.

Similar Homework Questions

Give me liberty seagull ed v2 edition 4th pdf - Dr jaime dy liacco book - Neighborhood cellular white settlement texas - Assignment - Mark logan glasgow court - MGTU 301 Paper #2 - Homework computer - The overhang beam is subjected to the uniform distributed load having an intensity of - I need help with a Managerial discussion question - Rams self employed home loan - Biometrics db 2 - Adrian bagher grown folks business zip - Alcoa foundation grant application - Nursing care of patient with skin traction - PEd1 - Excel 2016 capstone project ex-3 - Case study about communication in organization - Demography human population ecology answers - Nasm 75 day study planner pdf - Rossendale pet crematorium and memorial gardens - 2 pages, Management term project, in 3 hours - Assign - E Marketing -10 - Westpac financial planning sale - A Quick 350 Reflection work - Initial project proposal sample - James sheahan school fees office - Horschel brothers net worth - Leccion 3 cultura el ultimo emperador inca completar - Someone in your study group plays the harmonizer-tension reliever role. this means that she - What is adjusted cash book - What sap fico consultant do - Mirror by sylvia plath - Preliminary investigation report sample - Ninewells hospital orthopaedic outpatients - Data Recovery - What is a windshield survey nursing - Century 800lm ip44 dim white and warm white downlight - Microscopic structure of bone - Bigger books bigger reading muscles - Lakes Automotive - Brief reflections on childhood trauma and society bruce d perry - Thunder energies discovers invisible entities - Solving Rational Inequalities - Assignment - Revised Project Proposal - History 10 - Berton braley the will to win - Moon phases diagram labeled - Assignment 3 banking 16.0 points answers - Discussion board ( please respond to student post) - Your response is off by a multiple of ten webassign - Quality management plan examples - The art of the impossible mc escher and me - Understanding china's urban pollution dynamics - Fat sick and nearly dead discussion questions - One disadvantage of the corporate form of business is - Advanced windowscare v2 personal 2.7 2 - Discussion&Assignment - Speech after being convicted of voting - Avanti italian textbook characters - International HR Issues - Class b push pull amplifier - WK 1 SOCW 6443 Discussion 2: Ethical Dilemas for Mental Health Professionals - What are the abcd's of nutritional assessment - Annotated Bibliography Assignment - Symon brewis-weston net worth - Impacts of tourism slideshare - Enterprise architecture and sdlc phases - The castle school thornbury - 879 duncans creek road woolomin - Kara saunders she bear shirt - Roman underground heating system - Addams family vocal ranges - Https owl english purdue edu owl resource 606 01 - Chapter 3 - They say i say preface summary - Education Paper - Edi reference guide hcis 140 - Designer For Women Snapback Caps Online? - How to write a precis of a passage - Solve truss method of joints - Heating curve of water lab data - Study acca full time - Middle passage robert hayden analysis - Create a Lesson Plan - Singapore airlines balancing act - Example of 6x6 rule powerpoint - Australian professional standard for teachers - Allowable increase and decrease linear programming - Catch 22 age rating - Essay 3: Fences - Discussion - Microtheme topics - How to write an experiment in biology - Moulsham high school vacancies - Polychromatic color scheme examples - Al 6061 t6 density - PSY/301 Week 2 Individual Development Plan - Ru school of chinese thought