One of the major goals of reality therapy involves

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Question 1

1. Art therapy, dance/movement therapy, music therapy, and drama therapy are all considered:

A.

Eclectic approaches

B.

Expressive arts approaches

C.

Narrative approaches

D.

Symbolic approaches

1 points

Question 2

1. Regarding multicultural counseling, narrative therapy has been found to be particularly effective because:

A.

It defines mental health within a social, political, and relational context

B.

It was founded in a sociocultural context

C.

It allows clients to tell their unique stories from their perspective

D.

All of the above

1 points

Question 3

1. Reality therapy can be applied to the following clients:

A.

The elderly and retired

B.

Preschool children

C.

Addicted clients

D.

All of the above

1 points

Question 4

1. The founders of solution-focused brief therapy are:

A.

Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis

B.

Michael White and David Epston

C.

Frederick and Laura Perls

D.

Insoo Kim Berg and Steve de Shazer

1 points

Question 5

1. In practicing reality therapy, counselors and therapists focus on:

A.

Insight into causes of behavior

B.

Family history

C.

The interpersonal relationships of the client

D.

Personal history

1 points

Question 6

1. As a person becomes more congruent, which of the following changes is most likely to be seen?

A.

success in a failing relationship

B.

eradication of problem behaviors

C.

greater self-empowerment

D.

elimination of negative thoughts

1 points

Question 7

1. Which of the following family therapists is best known for his or her strategic approach to treatment?

A.

Minuchin

B.

Satir

C.

Haley

D.

Bowen

1 points

Question 8

1. Which of the following family therapists is best known for his or her structural approach to treatment:

A.

Minuchin

B.

Bowen

C.

Haley

D.

Satir

1 points

Question 9

1. Helping clients achieve low frustration tolerance is a major goal of rational emotive behavior therapy.

True

False

1 points

Question 10

1. The family life spiral is:

A.

A linear model

B.

An example of a life stressor

C.

An example of family decline

D.

A developmental model

1 points

Question 11

1. Rational emotive behavior therapy is based on the assumption that humans have a biological tendency to think irrationally as well as rationally.

True

False

1 points

Question 12

1. To adequately understand the culturally different client, counselors should have some specific information about that culture.

True

False

1 points

Question 13

1. The developer of dialectical behavior therapy is:

A.

Carl Rogers.

B.

Albert Ellis.

C.

Fritz Perls.

D.

Marsha Linehan.

1 points

Question 14

1. A family system’s perspective implies:

A.

That clients are autonomous and independent of their families

B.

Clients are best understood through the context of their familial roles

C.

Systemic intervention must be used to disrupt unhealthy family interactions

D.

The outside world is the most powerful influence on a person’s development

1 points

Question 15

1. Transpersonalism views the development of higher consciousness as being necessary for transforming our lives.

True

False

1 points

Question 16

1. Which one of the following is not associated with the cognitive-behavioral action-oriented therapies?

A.

Reality therapy

B.

Rational emotive behavior therapy

C.

Cognitive therapy

D.

Existential therapy

1 points

Question 17

1. The Association for Multicultural Counseling and Development’s Multicultural Counseling Competencies emphasize:

A.

Not working with culturally different clients

B.

Knowledge of different cultures, their customs, and traditional foods

C.

Self-awareness, awareness of clients’ worldviews, and awareness of culturally appropriate interventions

D.

Self-awareness, spiritual awareness, and valuing peace

1 points

Question 18

1. The central issue in existential therapy is:

A.

freedom and responsibility.

B.

examining irrational beliefs.

C.

counter-transference.

D.

resistance.

1 points

Question 19

1. Which of the following are true regarding advocacy as a part of counseling and psychotherapy?

A.

Advocacy is different from counseling and psychotherapy in that clients do not need informed consent.

B.

Advocating for clients and client groups damages the therapeutic alliance.

C.

Advocacy can take place at many different levels from individual to systemic.

D.

Counselors or therapists should assume that clients cannot advocate for themselves.

1 points

Question 20

1. All of the following are techniques used in solution-focused therapy, except for:

A.

Using a reflecting team

B.

Scaling questions

C.

Exception questions

D.

The miracle question

1 points

Question 21

1. The term minority or marginalized refers to:

A.

Groups and individuals who have fewer numbers and less power

B.

Groups and individuals who have fewer cultural assets

C.

Groups and individuals who have larger numbers and more power

D.

Groups and individuals who have strong cultural assets

1 points

Question 22

1. The founder of rational emotive behavioral therapy (REBT) is:

A.

Albert Ellis

B.

William Glasser

C.

Fred “Fritz” Perls

D.

Steve de Shazer

1 points

Question 23

1. Teasing out stressors poses a challenge for the family therapist because of the family’s:

A.

Multigenerational issues

B.

Severity of pain

C.

Many stories

D.

Mistrust of therapy

1 points

Question 24

1. One strategy for empowering clients is to involve them in naming their problem and participating in directing the counseling process. This strategy is called:

A.

Demystifying the counseling process

B.

Self-disclosure

C.

Gender role analysis

D.

Client empowerment

1 points

Question 25

1. The counseling profession has fully adapted to the diversity of society.

True

False

1 points

Question 26

1. In choice theory, human motivation springs from which of these five sources?

A.

Survival, achievement, love, success, pride

B.

Belonging, survival, knowledge, fun, power

C.

Survival, belonging, power, freedom, fun

D.

Power, achievement, enjoyment, information, security

1 points

Question 27

1. The systems perspective implies:

A.

Systemic intervention is required to deconstruct unhealthy family patterns

B.

The external environment is the most powerful influence on an individual's development

C.

Individuals are best understood through the context of their role in their families

D.

Individuals are autonomous and independent of their families

1 points

Question 28

1. Which of the following is not considered one of the six core principles of feminist therapy?

A.

The person is political.

B.

Commitment to social change

C.

An intrapsychic orientation

D.

Recognition of all types of oppression

1 points

Question 29

1. Unearned access to resources that is readily available to members of agent groups is known as:

A.

Culture

B.

Superiority

C.

Privilege

D.

Dominance

1 points

Question 30

1. Two major disorders given a great deal of attention in feminist literature are:

A.

Borderline personality disorders and hypertension

B.

Eating disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder

C.

Personality disorders and bipolar disorders

D.

Insomnia and post-traumatic stress disorder

1 points

Question 31

1. Although the theoretical underpinnings of transpersonal theory can be credited to a number of individuals, theories, and philosophical approaches to mental health and spiritual experience, _______ has emerged as the primary leader of this burgeoning field.

A.

Wilber

B.

Maslow

C.

Groff

D.

Jung

1 points

Question 32

1. An important step in becoming a culturally competent counselor or group worker is gaining awareness of one’s own cultural influences.

True

False

1 points

Question 33

1. The concept of triangulation is most associated with:

A.

Virginia Satir

B.

Rudolf Dreikurs

C.

Salvador Minuchin

D.

Murray Bowen

1 points

Question 34

1. An ethnic minority client is silent during the initial phase of counseling. This silence is probably best interpreted as:

A.

Demonstration of uncooperative behavior

B.

Resistance

C.

A response consistent with his or her cultural context

D.

A sign that counseling will not work with this client

1 points

Question 35

1. All of the following are goals of feminist therapy, except for:

A.

Confronting forms of institutional oppression

B.

Freeing clients of gender role socialization

C.

Resolving intrapsychic conflicts from early childhood

D.

Striving for gender equality

1 points

Question 36

1. According to Albert Ellis, “shoulds,” “oughts,” and “musts” fall under which of the following categories?

A.

Self-demandingness

B.

Other-demandingness

C.

World-demandingness

D.

All of the above

1 points

Question 37

1. Understanding the nature of the presenting problem in the goals of cognitive-behavioral theory is best looked at through which perspective?

A.

Affective

B.

Behavioral

C.

Cognitive

D.

All of the above

1 points

Question 38

1. Adlerians believe that discouragement:

A.

is minimal in comparison with other dysfunctions.

B.

can be overcome with medication.

C.

is the basic condition that prevents people from functioning.

D.

is not part of an Adlerian viewpoint.

1 points

Question 39

1. The core practice of transpersonal counseling includes which of the following:

A.

Mindfulness

B.

Yoga

C.

Biofeedback

D.

All of the above

1 points

Question 40

1. In reality therapy, the skilled counselor or therapist treats behavior as:

A.

The result of social pressure and limited perceptions of possibilities

B.

Caused by self-verbalizations that can be helpful or hurtful

C.

Information received from parents and from the surrounding culture

D.

Chosen as a result of unmet wants and needs

1 points

Question 41

1. The cornerstone of the practice of reality therapy is self-evaluation by the client aided by the counselor or therapist.

True

False

1 points

Question 42

1. Feminist theory is:

A.

Not a singular, unified counseling theory

B.

Antimale

C.

Unified

D.

Profemale

1 points

Question 43

1. A change agent is:

A.

Someone who seeks to establish a more equal distribution of power and resources in society

B.

Someone who tries to persuade others to change

C.

Someone who is called into a situation to mediate when tensions arise between groups

D.

Someone who changes their interventions with a client when the client is on to them

1 points

Question 44

1. Which of the following is not consistent with rational emotive behavior therapy?

A.

Events or other people make us feel bad or good.

B.

Emotional distress results from exaggeration, overgeneralization, and unvalidated assumptions.

C.

Irrational beliefs emanate from environmental and genetic factors.

D.

Thinking, feeling, and behaving are interconnected.

1 points

Question 45

1. A client is partaking in cognitive distortion when he or she exaggerates a negative event to the point that the event has more impact than it deserves. What is this called?

A.

Disqualifying the positive

B.

Catastrophizing

C.

All-or-nothing thinking

D.

None of the above

1 points

Question 46

1. Which of these solution-focused therapy techniques involves asking clients to describe times in their lives they were able to solve their problem or when their problem was less severe?

A.

Pre-change therapy

B.

The miracle question

C.

Scaling questions

D.

The “change” or exception question

1 points

Question 47

1. One of the primary goals of transpersonal counseling is to:

A.

Bring the client to an acceptable level of mental health

B.

Bring the client to a point where he or she can begin to work on transpersonal issues

C.

Take the client into the realm of transcendence, unity, and extraordinary mental health

D.

None of the above

1 points

Question 48

1. Cognitive-behavioral theories involve cognitive restructuring, coping skills, and problem solving.

True

False

1 points

Question 49

1. In the A-B-C model proposed by Albert Ellis, the factor that creates the emotional and behavioral consequences is the:

A.

Activating event

B.

Consequences

C.

Beliefs

D.

None of the above.

1 points

Question 50

1. Feminist counselors believe it is essential to recognize that women and men are socialized differently and that gender role expectations begin to influence human development from the moment a child is born.