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In this report there is
discussion about the mega project of Trans-Saharan gas pipeline project. The
project management planning and program management was discussed and then after
this the complexities of this project are mentioned. The complexities of the
stakeholders and the government are mentioned. Then there is information about
the optimum bias and all the complexities of the phase management. Afterwards there
is information about the supply chain management and issues in the strategic
risk management, the role of government on this mega project. The cost control
practices and change management and in the end summing up of whole project is
explain in detail.
Key words: Trans-Saharan mega project, Trans-Saharan pipeline,
Nigeria gas supply, gas pipeline project management, TS Project sustainability.
Trans-Saharan Mega Project
Project management and program management in Mega and complex
projects/programs
Introduction
The project is about the
Trans-Saharan mega project for gas pipeline and this project is start from
Nigeria and then it goes to the other countries of the Africa. In the starting
of the 1970 the idea of this Trans-Saharan pipeline was proposed. Then after
this the feasibility study has been done and it was completed in 2006 and then
it was concluded that this mega project is technically reliable and feasible. The
pipeline is start from the Warri region in Nigeria to Algeria. The capacity of
this pipeline is more than 30 billion cubic meters of natural gas. The diameter
of this pipeline is about 48 to 58 inches and this pipeline was operational in
2015
Level of complexities around this of Trans-Saharan Mega Project
It is very difficult to
illustrate the complexity of the Trans-Saharan pipe line. This project is one
of the largest projects of the world because this pipeline is starts from
Nigeria to Algeria. These pipelines are used for natural gas, so because of
this the level of complexity is very high. This is because the natural gas
pipelines needs a lot of protection. The contractor of the mega projects have
to work really hard to design the main structure of the gas pipeline. Another
complexity is that this project was passed from one country to another country
so for that they also have to focus on their currency
Gap analysis- potential
issues, problems and challenges
There are some gaps in the mega
project. The biggest gap was this pipeline was between the two countries so the
contractors of these countries have to work hard and analyze this entire
project in detail. The potential issues are regarding to this mega project is
about the designing the diameter and length of the pipeline. Another main issue
was regarding to the budget of this mega project. These are the main problem
and challenges that this mega project has faced before starting of this project
Project management
opportunities in this Trans-Saharan mega project
The Trans-Saharan pipeline is one
of the best mega projects around the world. This project is between the two
countries for this mega project the project management plays a very important
role, because this was a mega project so it can’t be completed without planning
Program management
opportunities in this Trans-Saharan project.
The Trans-Saharan pipeline
project is one of the biggest projects of the twenty first century. There are
many projects occurring in completing this mega project. The first project was
completing the length of the pipeline. The next project was looking after all
the protection required for designing the gas pipeline because they are unable
to take a single risk. The next project was working of the budget plan in
completing this project. So this means that there are many program management
opportunities regarding this mega project
Complex Business,
Organizational and Commercial Environment
Trans-Saharan- Nigeria, Niger
and Algeria business environment (macro, meso and micro) in-depth appraisal
and evaluation.
For this mega project the
business environment between these two countries are feasible and reliable.
This was done to enhance the Algeria so because of this pipeline Algeria has
become one of the most important countries to supply gas from their country to
different countries in the Europe. On the basis of these benefits from this
pipeline the business environment between these countries increases in a very great
amount
Organizational complexities of
Trans-Saharan Mega Project
The organizational complexities
in this mega project are extremely high because the Trans-Saharan project is
mega project and also very complex project there are many complexities in this
project
These complexities that are
regarding to the Trans-Saharan gas pipeline project is regarding to the
designing the length of the pipeline and also designing the diameter of this
pipeline. There is some software that will reduce the structural complexities for
this mega project. This mega project was structurally complex because there are
many stakeholders for this project and also the work streams are extremely high
for this Trans-Saharan gas pipeline project.
For handling this mega project there are many project managers are
required because they will help to handle the entire variables regarding this
mega project
Institutional level
relationship complexities of Trans-Saharan Mega Project
In this mega project that was
about the Trans-Saharan gas pipeline between the two countries of Africa. There
are very low institutional level relationship complexities because all the
project managers and contractors are from the other big countries like England
and Spain so because of this all the complexities regarding this mega project
are totally reduced.
Commercial (Financial and
contractual ) complexities of Trans-Saharan Mega Project
For this mega project that was
regarding to the Trans-Saharan gas pipeline project, in this project there are
no commercial complexities because this project was totally based on the
structure. All the contractors have focus on the materials that was required
for this mega project. The main difficulty was these pipelines are between two countries
so for this the project managers have to work how they have to arrange the
material required for the completion of the mega project (Philip Hoole, 2012.
Legalities complexities of
Trans-Saharan Mega Project
During the construction of this
mega project the main complexity was involved and that was related to the tax
laws. In these tax laws the project managers from both the countries took
further steps to overcome that complex issue regarding this project
Putting it together of
Trans-Saharan Mega Project
The project mangers of this mega
project, that was about the Trans-Saharan gas pipeline between the two
countries. They have calculated all the issues regarding this mega project and
then after this they have made a full report in which all the issues were
explained in detail. the main issues was related to the tax on the material and
the place where this mega project was built. This pipeline was more than 4
thousand km long so for that they have to make a proper plan and also how they
have to implement that plan.
Project management and program
management effective execution complexities
All the complexities that were
discussed in the above part of this section about this mega project named
Trans-Saharan gas pipeline. For the effective execution the project managers have
done the calculation and planned all the issues regarding this mega project. In
the first step the project managers have to remove the organizational
complexities because if the workers are loyal so they can easily able to
resolve all issues of this mega project
Multiple stakeholders
priorities and complexities- dealing with Government and private entities
Stakeholders Management Problems, Challenges and Issues in this TS
Project
Stakeholder analysis from the
mega project that was about the Trans-Saharan gas pipeline so the project
manager has to take a look on these stakeholders because all the materials were
depended on these stakeholders. The
project managers have to take a more in-depth look at stakeholder group
interests, because these stakeholders have a huge affect on the project. The
project managers have to take a closer look on all the activities of the
stakeholders and then according to that they have to make critical decision. It
is not necessary to give all the possible rights to these stakeholders because
it was a mega project
NOC (National Oil Company) vs IOC (International Oil Company) vs.
Service Companies (Private) Joint Venture challenges, with JV or No JV
There are four main challenges that have to be covered for a successful
joint venture. The strategic alignment between these oil companies must be
fulfilled and also these companies have a good economic independencies, better
governance and in the end the organizational behavior must be fulfilled, on the
basis of this the companies can able to make a successful joint venture. All
the oil that are national, international or private all the challenges
regarding this joint venture were viewed in detail.
priorities assessment when dealing with different level of complexities
For this mega project that was related to the Trans-Saharan the
project managers have to analyze all the complexities regarding to that
project. The project managers have to calculate all different issues that would
occurred during the project
Priorities level-vs- complexities level, high priority high complexity,
low priority, low complexity , middle ground, etc
For the mega project of this pipeline the named Trans-Saharan gas
pipeline the project managers must gave importance to their suppliers. For this
project the priorities level of the suppliers is extremely high because if the
supplies of material that is required for the construction of this pipeline.
All the workers for this mega project must be at low priority because this is
mega project, the project managers have to focus on the complexities of that
project because if these complexities were not covered so this project was
unable to be completed on time.
Optimum Bias of Trans-Saharan Mega Project
Culture of over-commit, over-promise & under-deliver – why this
continues to be a persistent problem/potential problem in this TS Mega Project
For the construction of that mega project the project managers from the
two countries have to analyze what they have to commit with the government and
the stakeholders of this mega project. The project managers for the gas
pipeline project must have think about the complex issues of this project. The
project managers have to plan all the issues regarding this mega project and
then after this they have to make a plan. The plan is not under deliver because
it will create a great problem between the two countries and the European Union
Over/Under Estimate, Over/Under Bid, etc of Trans-Saharan Mega Project
The project managers of this mega project of gas line between the two
countries have estimates the entire budget required to build this pipeline and
the biding process for this must be accurate and simple too. The project
managers from the two counties have focus on the biding and then plan the total
budget required to complete this project.
Procurement method of Trans-Saharan Mega Project
the project managers have analyze and calculate all the processes
required to complete the mega project in detail and then after that according
to the plan they have to implement all the bidding for the material required
for completing this mega project of gas pipelines.
Strategic Misrepresentation of
the inherent benefit and value of this Mega Project
1. Miscalculated risk and value of the TS Mega Project
For completing the Trans-Saharan
mega project between the two countries the project managers of this mega
project have miscalculated the future risk that were occurred during the
construction of this pipeline. Because of miscalculation about the risk the
value of that project was decreased in the view of European Union.
2. Unclear/Vague/Over-Stated
benefit and value of the TS Mega Project
For construction of this mega project the staring benefits were unclear
because of miscalculation of the future risks, because of that many countries
from the European Union were restricted to take part in this mega project because
the future benefits were unclear.
Further gap analysis of
Trans-Saharan Mega Project
for construction of this mega project of pipeline the project manager took
all the miscalculation seriously and then after this they have analyze all the
unclear information about the future benefits and then complete this further
gap of this mega project. The gaps were likely the same as were discussed in
the above section of this report. After analyzing all the major gaps between
the construction of this mega pipeline between the two countries.
Complexities in Phase by Phase
Management – Whole Life Cycle Approach
Program Management Life Cycle for the TS Project
The first phase was the calculation of all the task occurred for the
construction of this mega project and then after this in the next phase they
have arrange all the materials required for the project and then all the main
stages are mentioned how they have to take the project to the final version. Regular
activities before the construction are identified so the project managers can
easily complete this mega project on time.
By looking at the project management diagram all the phases are mention
there were used for the construction of that mega project. Suppose the material
that was used for the construction for that all the main stages were mentioned
how much you will need the material and also according to the time.
Supply Chain Management
(Strategic Procurement and Strategic Purchasing
Sketch the Supply Chain Diagram for this TS Project
The potential upstream stakeholders for the mega project are the
suppliers who supply the main equipments for the construction of pipeline. Thus,
the role of the supply chain management contains the significance in an
organization, which can also lead the company towards the further expansion
process in the market. To depict the rapidness in the supply chain process,
there are different aspects, which have to be considered by the management, For
Instance, these aspects are planning, developing, making, delivering and
returning process.
Identify and critically appraise/evaluate whom are the routine,
leverage, bottle-neck and strategic service providers (service providers refer
to any government or private entities such as suppliers, contractors, sub-contractors,
bottleneck and routine)
For the construction of this mega project there are some leverage and
bottle neck strategic service providers that were became the major source of
miscalculation of the main planning of that project. There is the efficiency
system, related to the supply chain, so that work and supply of the products
can be done effectively, there is the project management, the manufacturing
flow management and the returns management for the completion of this mega
project. Besides, after the planning process, there is a need for tactical,
strategic and operational decisions to make the process precise. For Instance,
in the operational process, the management can consider the new technology to
enhance the speed of the process.
Strategic management
of
Trans-Saharan Mega Project
there are many strategic risks that were occurred during the mega
project, because many political parties and members from the political parties
took part in this project due to this there has been arise a major risk in this
project and then the project managers have changed the whole strategy for the
future and then due to this all the risks were reduced for the future planning
of this mega project.
Governance of Trans-Saharan
Mega Project
Transparency & Accountability of Trans-Saharan Mega Project
The anti-corruption principles of
TS Mega Project are also related to the transparency and accountability of
revenue, as the transparency of the project is also intended at stemming
bribery and mistreatment of funds by government. In adding up to the principle
of the anti-corruption concentrated towards the implementation of TS Mega
Project, states stick on to international standards of anticorruption and
misuse of the resources through Convention alongside the Corruption
accountability
Lack of control mechanism of
Trans-Saharan Mega Project
In the TS Mega Project decay has
been accountable for some leakage accidents gas pipeline; therefore,
descriptive its failure of control mechanisms is a requirement to avoid any of
the accidents. On failure analysis basis the sections of corroded pipe in TS
Mega Project, laboratory experience tests were carried out by reproduce 3
possible decomposition environments in gas pipeline
Effective control and monitoring systems of Trans-Saharan Mega Project
The TS Mega Project networks of
gas pipelines transported some of petroleum products that were important for
the economy of country. Although some of the TS Mega Project gas pipeline was
concealed underground, it was also a threat for the delicate environment of the
TS Mega Project. The industry of oil and gas are turbulence to the accidental
spills network, violation from activities of human, and land changes due to floods,
fires and many of the other natural actions. The major challenge in the
monitoring and control of the TS Mega Project involve the technological
requirements understanding of geometrics industry, the altering environmental
priority awareness is also required for monitoring the TS Mega Project systems.
Cost/Time Control Practices of
Trans-Saharan Mega Project
The overall natural gas pipeline price of TS Mega Project is primarily affected by the situations of
supply and demand in the market of natural gas and by the climate conditions
impact on a region; the cost of the TS Mega Project also an indicator of the regional trade rather
than gas price at international level. For instance, , because of the use of
advanced technology of hydraulic fracturing for the production of gas has led
to declined in the natural gas pipeline prices of TS Mega Project. It
can also be said that the distribution and transmission of natural gas by means
of pipeline is low-cost, and the natural gas pipeline is less costly as compare
with LNG. An estimated cost of TS Mega Project is about £100 million.
Capital Control and Capital Efficiency opportunities in this TS
Project.
capital cost of the TS Mega
Project was also very high because the track of gas pipeline was so extended
between two countries. Keeping in mind the environmental situation of the
Sahara desert the overall budget cost for the construction of the project also
exceed duding the implementation of the projects. In the beginning of the
project the capital cost was estimated £100
million and later as the work start the cost because 112 million because of the
environmental challenges and the incidents that took place while the overall implementation
of the TS Mega Project.
Change Management of
Trans-Saharan Mega Project
TS Mega Project has some temporary
and emergency change during the implementation of the project. The temporary
change is anticipated to exist in the TS Mega Project for a diminutive and
prearranged time period. The change management actions for temporary changes must
follow the similar procedure as an everlasting change in the project, but they
are simply suitable for a particular limit of time as they might take a higher
risk level that is satisfactory only for short term. There are also some of the changes occur
during the project that are sudden that has to be carried out in emergency. In
the case of TS Mega Project the action is needed quickly, and the individuals
required to offer the approvals may not be accessible to assemble the TS Mega
Project requirements that are needed to change.
In the case of the change
management of TS Mega Project, the security could be put at risk by waiting for
TS Mega Project completion. In change situation, the change in the project must
be re-evaluated to most excellent abilities of staff. This emergency in the TS
Mega Project must comprise some risk assessment by means of any time and
resources available to estimate the change management risks. The focus of the
TS Mega Project was on the instantaneous risks only. The vocal implementation
plan of the TS Mega Project was carried out and developed by appropriate stakeholders,
with support from the uppermost available personnel that have more expertise in
the domain of change management
Lessons Learnt and Lessons yet to be Learnt of Trans-Saharan Mega
Project
There are a lot of lessons that
can be learning from the TS Mega Project implementation and how they handle the
issues during the project implementation. it means that TS Mega Project helps the
future projects of the states to develop better plan for risk assessment that
would be better at preventing spills; gas safely; and responding to, any
incident in the future projects
Gaps Analysis of Trans-Saharan Mega Project
The TS Mega Project during the
implementation faces a lot of political and economical challenges. The TS Mega
Project is implementing on larger scale between two countries Nigeria and
Algeria that make more complicated because of different political and
economical backgrounds of both countries. The environment issues of TS Mega
Project were also very complicated to carry out constructional operations in
Sahara desert because of its challenging environmental conditions. So it can be
said that the project was one of the most difficult of its kinds. It took 12
year for project to complete difficult political and environmental conditions
cause the project to expand the expected deadline.
Benefits and Value Management of Trans-Saharan Mega Project
In the TS Mega Project the
geographic information system is the best technique that is effective developed
technique of data management. The value management of the TS Mega Project was
very effective that manage to handle, monitor and control the TS Mega Project from
Nigeria to Algeria. It is mixture of computer science, geography, information
science, and cartography and techniques of remote control. The technique of geographic
information system has been functional to a lot of domains and as the use of
the technique produces its implementation fields is extend, e.g. city
information, land management, travel information, fire protection,
transportation, pubic security, city water supply, etc. It can also be said that the geographic
information system technique to pipeline of gas management. The TS Mega Project
gas pipeline was the lifeline city, the gas pipeline turn out to be more
complex. The GIS technique also took the management of gas pipeline to new
stage
Sustainability of Trans-Saharan Mega Project
The TS Mega Project sustainability
evidence is in lots of ways. The gas pipelines
turn out to be the choke-point for protester and others looking for to
break off ability of producer of fossil fuel to get the product to the market. All
of these consequences can puts the members of gas pipeline industry in painful
position between consumers and producers
To show TS Mega Project sustainability
commitment, that is the following:
first commitment of TS Mega
Project towards the sustainability was to do everything possible to get rid of
the pipeline spills prospect, accidents that basis concern of public. The TS
Mega Project also try to make their own
interior operations sustainable. The TS Mega Project put into practice best
ecological practices inside turn out to be more conscious and provoked to
address issues of sustainability superficially. All of the practice of TS Mega
Project also results in long term success of the project
Conclusion on Trans-Saharan Mega Project
The trans-Saharan pipeline project is a world leading mega project that is basically related to two countries. Project caused to make the Algeria an important country in the world with the reputation of gas supplying country Gap analysis conducted for the project concluded that mega project is facing issues related to the insufficient financial resources available. Some difficulties and complexities in the project were found that are removed by the use of software. However, it can be concluded that both countries are successfully managing the project and making the stakeholders satisfied towards the project. Cost/ time control practices, change management, gap analysis and monitoring systems are used in the mega project to ensure successful outcomes.
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