Creating Satellites and launching them

            For a long time now, satellites have been used for many applications and purposes such as the exploration of earth, space, and communication. The process of creating and launching satellites is actually a major project that helps people in knowing more about the nature of earth, space and upgrade communication. There is an example of the Indian Aryabhata satellite in 1975 that will be considered.

Gotthard Base Tunnel of Project Management

        It can be said that the Gotthard Base Tunnel is the deepest and longest railway tunnel in the whole world with a length of 57 kilometers. It seems to connect huge cities near and of Switzerland. For working on such a huge project, a lot of resources are required such as financial, technological, and human resources. In addition, the project is also risky.

Both of the above projects have already been completed and considering their massive scales, they are definitely not ongoing activities as their results have also been determined.

Lifecycle of Project Management

        Four phases are involved in project management which means that every project passes through four stages from its start until it is completed. These stages are as follow:

Initiation:    

        It means the beginning of the project that includes the formulation of an idea to make a project. Project Review, Project Office, Project Team, Project Charter, Feasibility Study, and Business Case are taken into consideration when it comes to initiation. In both of the examples, the process of initiation has begun with the idea of projects, making tunnels and satellites. Moving on, it is analyzed whether it is possible to pursue the project or not.

Planning:

         In this process, creating a communication plan, risk plan, quality plan, financial plan, resource plan, and project plan are included. A powerful plan was created in both of the examples like the shape of the tunnel and whether it will be railway or road tunnel, what areas should be covered, what resources are needed, and from where the funds will come etc.

Execution:

         In this stage, the project is executed. Building deliverables, controlling and monitoring, performing time management, acceptance management, issue management, risk management, change management etc. are included in it. In tunnels, cleaning of the area, mining, eliminating mud, making powerful roofs and bases, and laying the tracks began in this stage. Both of the projects have to make sure of the factors like risk, quality and cost in the process.

Closure:

        Closure is all about the finalizing of the project. In the example projects, both will be completed when the satellites will be launched and tunnels will be created. It is important to note that the project of building a tunnel took almost ten years to finish.

Project Management Body of Knowledge

            There are ten bodies or guides of knowledge on which a project is executed and they include project management of stakeholder, project management of procurement, risk management, communication management project, management of human resource, quality management, cost management, time management, scope management, and integration management. At the beginning of the analysis, it will be noticed that these bodies are included in the above-mentioned stages.

Monitoring and Control of Project Management

            Both of the projects actually involve quite a high risk of not achieving success. It is definitely not easy to launch before making satellites and making the deepest and longest tunnel of the whole world. In the projects, daily feedback and checkups are necessary, especially in the project of making a tunnel since mining is required which is very dangerous. Other than monitoring, precise planning is important and it has been carried out. Controlling the risk that has a possibility of occurring in the project is one of the major concerns and players in eliminating risk.

Summary of Project Management

            The projects mentioned above are quite big according to their scale and they have proven to be successful. With the efficient generation of the idea and planning, society was benefitted from the projects. And for determining the success of projects, it is important to analyze whether the objectives were met or not. In the case of the above projects, the objectives were achieved which means that they were successful even though the results were late in the project of creating a tunnel. Still, the management was effective that contributed to the success of projects.