Discuss and assess the current evidence base relevant to two models (of your choice) that have been applied to exercise behaviour.

There are two models that describe exercise behaviour such as Cognitive Models, Cognitive Behavioral Model

Cognitive Model

    In this model, the rational weighing up of the behaviour and its related benefits and harms such as the health belief model. In this model, the impact of exercise is discussed on the health of people.

Cognitive social model

    In this model, the behaviour is analysed on the basis of exercise and its effect on the behaviour of individuals. This model describes the impact of exercise on the behaviour of people.

Critically discuss how adequate both models are at explaining exercise behaviour

    In Cognitive model, the effect of exercise on the health that is improved as the depression is reduced and the hormones maintenance, relaxation of muscles, cardiac produce energy, naturally increased opioids and serotonin that reduced the depression and active the individual.

    Moreover, the cognitive social model also describes the behaviour that is charged with the exercise because the depression and anger level is reduced. However, the level of anxiety also reduced negativity in the behaviour of the individual.

Use research examples to illustrate your answer

        The role of exercise is important as it keeps fresh, active and healthy as maintaining the individual life. Different researchers also explained the effectiveness of exercise on individual health and psychologically. The researcher discussed different models like bipolar and unipolar models that describe the effect of exercise on physical health and psychological behaviour. Moreover, self-efficacy and Health Belief Model also the example that elaborates the positive effects of exercise that not only enhanced the energy level but also reduced the anxiety and depression.

    The researchers also discussed the importance of exercise that reduced the disorder of anxiety and anger as enhancing energy, elevated body temperature, maintain the heartbeat and blood circulation respectively. According to researchers, the serotonin is also maintained by the exercise. So, exercise is considered as nature’s painkiller as the physical health and psychology of the individual is going to a better condition.

Question 2

How does exercise make people feel better? Discuss and assess the evidence base underpinning the possible mechanisms by which exercise impacts of improved psychological outcomes.

    Exercise is beneficial according to many researchers and it is considered as the painkiller that initiates the production and release of Serotonin hormone that reduces the level of stress and active humans. Moreover, exercise also have a good impact on the mood and behaviour of individuals. Moreover, exercise is a good physical activity that regulates self-control and enhances the efficiency of the power

of the brain. There are two mechanisms that are improved during exercise such as biological and psychological mechanisms are improved.

Within your answer address both

Biological mechanisms

There is three hypotheses that regulate the biological mechanism as a result of exercise such as:

Thermogenic hypothesis

In this Thermogenic hypothesis, the temperature of the body is increased that can change the mood swings and has a positive impact on the mood after taking exercise.

    It is observed from the studies that excessive exercise will lead towards the changes in the electrical potential which is conducted by muscles through the activity of EMG which reduced the hyperactivity of the Central nervous system. Therefore, body temperature is high that has an impact on the psychological changes like reduced anxiety.

Endorphin hypothesis

According to this hypothesis, the level of natural opioids is increased that has an impact on the mood and reduced the level of anxiety.

Neurotransmitter changes (e.g., serotonin)

        A neurotransmitter is a chemical that passes nerve signals from the synaptic gap and then neurons. Serotonin is also a chemical present in the brain that controls the emotions, sleep, regulation of body temperature and feeding. Exercise maintains the level of serotonin which reduces sickness and depression.

Psychosocial mechanisms

In psychological mechanisms, the different hypothesis is discussed such as:

Mastery hypothesis

It is an effective hypothesis that reduced the stress level and enhanced the self-efficacy and increases the sense of mastery among people as a result of exercise.

Social hypothesis

According to this hypothesis, the exercise is not more effective as compared to the social activities that reduced the depression level among people.