Introduction of Characteristics of Salmonella and Its Pathogenesis Mechanisms, Including the Secreted Toxins

            The foodborne pathogen that is most frequently and isolated is the Salmonella. Salmonella is the important worldwide public concern of health approximately 93.8 billion for the illness of the foodborne along with the 155,000 death per years. In the different species of the bacteria like 2,300 is involved in the Salmonella. The important types of the Salmonella are the Salmonella typhimurium, and the pathogenesis mechanisms that account the all-human infections. There are the following characteristic of the Salmonella that include the characteristics of the Cell wall, with the route infection of their conditions of growth.

Gram Test

Oxygen Needs

Shape

Augur appearance

Diseases

                The characteristic of the Salmonella is the Gram test that calculates the bacterium cell wall compositions. The Salmonella signifies the high amounts of the peptidoglycan and provide the structures of mesh along with strength because the Salmonella is the gram negative .The facultative bacteria is Salmonella which means that , it survive without or with oxygen , like the Obligate bacteria where on the other side it can survive in the specific conditions of growth. The shape of the Salmonella bacteria is   bacillus, rod. In    the different strains of the bacilli the spores does not produced by Salmonella. The colonies appear colorless for the Salmonella by have the dark centers. The group of colony has the Salmonella bacteria that are growing together. The last characteristic of the Salmonella bacteria causes two diseases in human. First the Enteric fever, that also called the typhoid as well as the gastroenteritis, where the doctor refers to both of the diseases as Salmonellosis. (Michaels) The invasive serotypes are including the Salmonella infections for the life threatening, in the necessitating of the appropriate effective antibiotics therapy. The rate of the Salmonella infections increase the mortality, which leads the MDR, strains to increases the prevalence of the antibiotic treatments. Eliminate the spread of the Salmonella infections proposed the preventive measures. The Salmonella infections discussed the mechanism of the pathogenesis, for the clinical manifestations, in the Salmonella antibiotics resistance. (Eng and et.al)

            Describe the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of this bacteria and how specifically it affects host cells. Describe the secreted toxins, type of affected cells in host, and the changes at cellular and molecular levels. (~800-1000 words)
            There are the wide varieties for the Salmonella bacteria that have the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis to obtain the entry in to the host cells. Most of the bacterial manipulations are against the host of the actin cytoskeleton. The identification as well as analysis of effector proteins for the cellular targets is provided the insights in the molecular mechanism of the of the Salmonella bacteria into the host cell. This bacterium is subverted for the host signaling as well as cytoskeleton machinery for their own purposes.  Salmonella bacteria are enter into the host cells by the focused on the effectors modulate of the actin cytoskeleton. The attachment of the Salmonella bacteria along with the, mechanism that promote the bacterial enter (Ly).

                By the molecular mechanisms that is responsible for the colonization resistance that still der the debate which is believed in the antibiotics of the resident gut .Though, a molecular mechanisms  though which the intercellular Salmonella interface by the DC function to be elucidated (Valdez and et.al). By using the culture model of tissues as well as neonatal calf model, the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis Salmonella is enter into the host cell .In the complex series of the host pathogen for the interaction of the Salmonella bacteria leading the diarrhea. In the Salmonella server the fluid loss is observed the Typhimiurium induced enterocolities. The serotypes of the Salmonella bacteria are connected by the three distinct human diseases for the syndromes of the bacterium, enterocolities as well as the typhoid fever (Zhang and et.al).

                The molecular mechanism through which the microbial, cells into the host for the secreted toxin exert their actions that is most important element for the risk of the human health. The cellular as well as molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis Salmonella bacteria provide the wealth information into the host cell for the secreted toxins. The diverse toxin explained the integrated framework of the selectivity of the toxicity of the still lacking. The different toxin emphasized the fundamental mechanism of the toxicity of the biochemical cellular levels for the nervous systems. Secreted toxin is assigned to every target category for the denominated as the portal plus the modulation of the various portals that is signed for the features. With the initial portal, while an interaction is determined through the chemical secreted toxin inside the cell, for the ubiquitous messengers. The most promising a natural molecule is represented the secreted toxin that enters into the cellular host, of the molecular levels. The number of the secreted toxin is identified as well as isolated to increase the better insights for the structure of the molecular mechanism where the action is achieved.

            The molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis Salmonella is underlying the secreted toxin interference by the signaling cascade of the directed target on the molecular levels, where the regular level for the second messengers. The interaction of the secreted toxin is subsequent for the biochemical chain of events that are perturbed as well as in most cases the pathological response is the best evident. The major mechanism of the pathogenesis Salmonella   bacteria is changes the target protein of the receptor for the plasma membrane in the various levels of the distinguishable. This type of mechanism is consisting of the confirmations changes for the binding of the acetylcholine molecules in the alpha subunit. The secret toxin for the hos as well as cellular cells, at the molecular levels of the pathogenesis Salmonella bacteria is act as the pores to collapse as well as interface the intracellular into the ionic equilibrium (Lahiani and et.al).