Scenario 1: Write and Critique a Research Question and Hypothesis

        The null hypothesis can be rejected because there are some models that can predict the academic success in Graduate school. The condition is however that the models need to be carefully made and that it includes all the variables that can affect academic success. The data shows that a total of five variables are in consideration like, gender, undergraduate grade point average, graduate record scores and some other variables. A model that consists of five variables is a strong with since it is taking into account more factors hence; the result obtained can be more accurate.

        The Alternate Hypothesis states that several models can be used to predict academic success. This cannot always be true because the real outcome can vary from the predicted outcome. This is because there are some errors, disturbance terms in the model that are referred to as “u”. These are those variables that cannot be taken into account due to time constraint and limited resources. There can be numerous factors that affect the academic success of a student for instance, family income, social life, motivation, career choice, skills, and time being allocated to studies. Different individuals can be affected by different factors so it is not possible to take into account everything. The end decision can be made by looking at the predictive power of the model if that is less than it can be concluded that the model can’t be explained entirely by the variables selected.

        According to the PICOT model research questions should consist information about population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and time. In this research question population (Graduate School) is discussed. While research question doesn’t provide information about time period that create ambiguity. Somehow, research question contains information about intervention and comparison. While information regarding outcomes (effectiveness) is also presented in the question.    

Scenario 2: about the null hypothesis

        The null hypothesis states that there are other factors that are important enough to affect the decision making of the road. These factors include the usage of the roads, the number of servicing public buildings on that road and the level of traffic disruptions that it will cause. These factors should be taken into account however there can be some other important factors that need to be given more attention. Some examples of factors can be the negative affect that will be caused if the road is not paved and the alternate routes that can be created to divert the traffic in order to reduce traffic issues. Even when most factors are taken into account there will still be some factors that cannot be included due to constraints. These constraints can either be that there is time constraint or the factors are difficult to measure.

            The alternate hypothesis states that no clusters can affect the decision of repaving the road. This can be considered wrong because there are a number of factors that can affect the decision. As mentioned in the given data that the manager is taking into account 53 variables this shows that as many variables a possible are being taken into account in order to generate the result that is mot closet to the reality.

            According to the PICOT analysis of this research question, we can say that the research question is good but it lacks some important information that could make this research question more effective. In this research scenario population is the country manager. Research questions contain information about the country manager, therefore, we can say that the first condition of the PICOT question is presented. In research question traffic is the condition or intervention. While the re-paving decision is the control or comparison in this research question. In this question, time is not presented that was not necessary because the scenario also doesn’t provide information about the time duration required to conduct research or time duration of the experiment.   

Scenario 3 is about the implementation of a mandatory wellness program.

            The research scenario is about the implementation of a mandatory wellness program. In this research selected samples are total 500 of the medium-sized company. The research question is about the implementation of a mandatory wellness program. Furthermore, the research question will also discuss information about the impact on attrition of current employees. Research question provides information about population but that information is not enough. Research question should also discuss some demographic information of selected population or research samples. As in this research scenario population is Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and current employees of the selected companies. Furthermore, the research question should also provide information about intervention and comparison. Intervention is the variable of interest. In this research variable of interest is the implementation of a mandatory wellness program that is discussed clearly in this scenario and research question. Somehow, comparison or control was related to the outcomes of after and prior implementation of this program. In this research question, after implementation outcome is desired. The research question is unable to cover information about the comparison of both situation before and after implementation. Other than all this, information about time duration is also missing in this research question.      

            The null hypothesis states that the compulsory wellness program will have no affect on the employee’s decision to leave the job. This can be rejected because it is likely that employees are going to have a benefit in staying with the company since it is offering a wellness program. This is going to add to the perks benefit of working with the company and the employees will be more motivated to work for this company in comparison to others. Mostly, people give great importance to health benefits so this is going to be factors that will reduce their willingness to leave the job.

            These Alternate hypothesis states that the mandatory wellness program will affect the decision of leaving job. This cannot be correct because it is just one of the many factors that employees will consider. If other factors are not being met then solely mandatory wellness will not make them loyal to their job. These other factors can be pay, relationship with employees, security etc.