The paper performs an inferential
statistical test on the given dataset and draws statistical conclusion validity
of the research. Game is the first experimental variable in this research;
there are kinds of games, i.e. police and thief. Advertising level (none,
partial or full) is a secondary experimental variable, and both games have the same
advertising level. Furthermore, total visit number for a given day, total visit
time, and average visit time per visit in a minute are included in outcome variables.
Exploratory Statistics of
Descriptive Statistics and Data Visualization
Exploratory statistics or exploratory
data analysis (EDA) is a critical process that performs initial data
investigation so that its patterns could be discovered; anomalies could be
spotted, hypothesis and assumptions could be checked with the help of graphical
representation and summary statistics (Koller and Friedman).
Correlation on Descriptive
Statistics and Data Visualization
|
Game
|
Advertising
|
Game
|
1
|
|
Advertising
|
0
|
1
|
Summary of Descriptive
Statistics and Data Visualization
Visits
|
|
VisitTime
|
|
TotalTime
|
|
Game
|
|
Advertising
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mean
|
1.363636
|
Mean
|
0.856061
|
Mean
|
2.724242
|
Mean
|
0.5
|
Mean
|
1
|
Standard Error
|
0.28939
|
Standard Error
|
0.140274
|
Standard Error
|
0.638195
|
Standard Error
|
0.062017
|
Standard Error
|
0.101274
|
Median
|
0
|
Median
|
0
|
Median
|
0
|
Median
|
0.5
|
Median
|
1
|
Mode
|
0
|
Mode
|
0
|
Mode
|
0
|
Mode
|
0
|
Mode
|
0
|
Standard Deviation
|
2.351015
|
Standard Deviation
|
1.13959
|
Standard Deviation
|
5.184717
|
Standard Deviation
|
0.503831
|
Standard Deviation
|
0.822753
|
Sample Variance
|
5.527273
|
Sample Variance
|
1.298664
|
Sample Variance
|
26.88129
|
Sample Variance
|
0.253846
|
Sample Variance
|
0.676923
|
Kurtosis
|
3.600577
|
Kurtosis
|
0.273222
|
Kurtosis
|
9.617589
|
Kurtosis
|
-2.06349
|
Kurtosis
|
-1.52344
|
Skewness
|
2.066872
|
Skewness
|
1.105733
|
Skewness
|
2.837505
|
Skewness
|
-2.5E-17
|
Skewness
|
-4.9E-17
|
Range
|
10
|
Range
|
4.44
|
Range
|
28.5
|
Range
|
1
|
Range
|
2
|
Minimum
|
0
|
Minimum
|
0
|
Minimum
|
0
|
Minimum
|
0
|
Minimum
|
0
|
Maximum
|
10
|
Maximum
|
4.44
|
Maximum
|
28.5
|
Maximum
|
1
|
Maximum
|
2
|
Sum
|
90
|
Sum
|
56.5
|
Sum
|
179.8
|
Sum
|
33
|
Sum
|
66
|
Count
|
66
|
Count
|
66
|
Count
|
66
|
Count
|
66
|
Count
|
66
|
Characteristics of Data of Descriptive
Statistics and Data Visualization
Level of Measurement of
Descriptive Statistics and Data Visualization
·
Visit has quantitative ratio measurement level
·
VisitTime
has quantitative ratio measurement level
·
VisitTotalTime has quantitative ratio
measurement level
·
Game has qualitative ordinal measurement level
·
Advertising has qualitative measurement level
Distributional Parameters and Visualization of
Descriptive Statistics and Data Visualization
·
Best distributional parameter for visit is range
and variance
·
Best
distributional parameter for VisitTime is range and variance
·
Best distributional parameter for VisitTotalTime
is range and variance
·
Best distributional parameter for game is median
and mode
·
Best distributional parameter for advertising is
median mode
Justification for Statistical
Techniques of Descriptive Statistics and Data Visualization
Since the variables are assigned
numerical values, the best statistical technique to be performed is summary
statistics because it provides all of the relevant distributional parameters
such as median, mode, range, and variance (Iliinsky and Steele).
Data Quality Concerns of Descriptive Statistics
and Data Visualization
The number of values in the dataset
is not too large, and it has covered a small sample size that might affect the
data quality. The large dataset improves data quality (Stirrup, Nandeshwar and Ohmann).
References of Descriptive
Statistics and Data Visualization
Iliinsky, Noah and Julie Steele. Designing Data
Visualizations: Representing Informational Relationships. "O'Reilly
Media, Inc.", 2011.
Koller, Daphne and Nir Friedman. Probabilistic
Graphical Models: Principles and Techniques. MIT Press, 2009.
Stirrup, Jen, Ashutosh Nandeshwar and
Ashley Ohmann. Tableau: Creating Interactive Data Visualizations. Packt
Publishing Ltd, 2016.