In Chapter Two of Medical Ethics, Pence discusses the case of Elizabeth Bouvia. Outline the main details of this case, and then explain what you think a Natural Law Theorist would say about it, what you think a Utilitarian would say about it, and what you think a Kantian would say. Finally, how do you think the case should have been decided, and why? Which moral theory do you think gives us the correct way to evaluate the moral dilemmas raised by this case?

According to the Natural law theory, human laws are distinct by morality, and morality is what is wrong or right or what is good or bad. Natural law also accepted the relation between morality and legality. The morality of human comes by nature, the main purpose of our life is to live a happy and good life, and thus we must not act in contradiction of law. All of the laws have their justice definition, and it also has its legal worth. The natural law ethics is that everybody should have the right to live his/her life. The description being right may not be the same for all. It increases the difficulty in case an individual is exercising his perception of right that is natural such as starving to death, by declining to eat anything. But the natural law of human prohibits killing in any situation (Staff).

According to the utilitarian theory if something was producing a lot of good for more people, it should be considered good. In the utilitarian theory, if something devoid of pain is considered good, so in utilitarian theory, any deed is ethically good if it makes the world a happier place.

According to the Kantian theory the wrongness or rightness of action not based upon its values but depends upon duty fulfillment, this theory states that a person cannot choose whether his behavior is moral or right except it gets a priori. He trusts there is an ultimate morality principle that he named as Categorical Imperative; it is said to be the main factors that decide the moral behavior of a person. In the Kantian theory, the person has right to be contented but validate not to be immoral in any way (Staff).

References of Moral Relativism