Essay on Equality and Difference

At first, it has been explained that theories and policies of contemporary equality in the world actually tend to concentrate on problems related to political and cultural inequality. They don't concentrate on the issue of inequality in distributional products and goods. And the ones who are considered as unequal are disabled, ethnic minorities, religious minorities, lesbians and gays, and elderly etc. rather than poor people.

As a result of this shift in understanding equality, a commitment to theorize and pursue equality that celebrates and recognizes differences is formed. Even though attempts for addressing inequalities in the economy have concentrated traditionally on issues related with distribution, seeking to eliminate differences that exist among individuals for saving their equality, efforts for addressing political and cultural inequalities normally requires such differences to be respected and recognized instead of being eroded or denied as a precondition for saving their equal status.

            Moving on, it has been explained that a thorough survey of discussions concerning opportunity’s equality supposes that there exist important differences and dissimilarities among open-minded or liberal egalitarians. But there are also some exchanged assumptions which concern the significance of the role of the market and individual choice for making sure that distributions are fair which are challenged by the critics of this study.

It has been suggested by some critics that the account of equality of Dworkin has been effective only because it combines the important matters concerned with the anti-egalitarian right. It has been suggested by Armstrong that it resonates and concentrated on the market with the neoliberal supposition of competitiveness in terms of economy. It is ensured that liberal egalitarians will choose the free market as the best authentic approach towards egalitarian justice. It actually means that concern is maintained by them with financial and material distributions instead of the distribution of status or power.

            Further, in the chapter, it has been explained that even though economic maldistribution has been focused upon by equality theorists and cultural oppression has been focused upon by difference theorists, the term ‘diversity theorists’ might be bestowed to those who concentrate on political domination. Diversity theorists concentrate both on the process which determines the simplification of equality and on political participation’s equality.

Diversity theorists that try to create a way beyond the equality issues which are apparent as recognition or as redistribution, prod the significance of democratic inclusion and political voice. For instance, it suggested by Bhikhu Pareh that principles are required by redistribution for deciding just who is responsible for making the needed claims, and that these principles actually can be arrived only by democratic dialogues which seem to create them, provide them legitimacy, and these their authenticity.

            In the end, it has been summed up that equality is majorly considered as a problem of domination, oppression, and maldistribution. As maldistribution is focused upon primarily by liberal egalitarianism, and cultural oppressions are addressed by politics of recognition, the necessity of eradicating domination is engaged by the concepts of democratic inclusion. The focus of theorist is shifted by this from just attempting to simply the meaning of equality, to articulating the activities while others may also participate in its simplification and definition.