While the research study is discussing about the contact lenses then it is necessary to discuss about the all types of the material which are commonly used for the manufacturing of the contact lenses. It will also discuss the most cost effective materials along with its technologies and preparation methods. Along with the cost of the materials the percentage of the mostly useable materials and for the various purposes is also explained in this study. When the individuals thinks about to use the contact lenses the first choice is about the the materials would be the best suited for the lenses which can be satisfied and comfort for the individual’s needs. There are the major five types of the materials which are commonly used for the manufacturing the contact lenses.

Soft lenses  

        The gel same like water which is containing on the plastics known as the hydrogels used to making the soft lens. Such types of the lenses are imitate, very thin and flexible for the front surface of the eye. These were induces in early 1970s. The contact lenses which are made by the hydro gels are commonly using in the population of the universe. It cannot easily alternate with any but it can if the hard contact lenses made by the plastics of the PMMA. But these can be took two weeks to adapt it and many people couldn’t wear them easily (Segre, 2017).

Silicone hydrogel lenses

            It is known as the advanced types of the contact lenses which is more absorbent as compare top regular hydrogel lenses. This materials allows the more oxygen reach to the cornea of the eyes. This type of the materials of the Contact lenses introduced in the 2002. It is considered as the most popular lenses in the nation of the todays which was prescribed in the United States.

            Silicone hydrogel lenses are target to the coatings of the highly biocompatible which can be easily condensed for the surface of the lenses according to the techniques of the chemistry. The performance of the lenses can be improved easily bus using such types of the materials for the applications of the anti-bifouling. This materials is commonly using for the silicon hydrogels. The innovations which is based upon the silicone hydrogel lenses can be emphasized by using such types of the materials.

Gas permeable lenses

                It is commonly known as the RGP and GP lenses which is the one of the rigid contact lenses which can easily feel and look same as the PMMA lenses. It had porous for permitting the oxygen to pass thorough them for the marinating the comfort of eyes. The GP lenses can be easily fit to the eyes as compare to the PMMA lenses because these are considers as the most permeable for the oxygen. It can be more comfortable for the eyes than the several other conventional hard lenses. In 1978 from the launching of the gas permeable contact lenses can easily exchange with the nonporous PMMA contact lenses. GP lenses can provides the sharper visions to the eyes as compare to various other silicon hydrogel and soft contact lenses. This materials would be the accurate choice for the individual who is suffering from the astigmatism.  For adjusting the gas permeable lenses it usually takes some time and when the person will start wear them. After using theses few time the people are getting awareness about the GP lenses are more comfortable like other lenses.

Hybrid contact lenses

            These are designed to offering the comfort levels of the wearing which can be pretended as the competitors of the silicone hydrogel lenses and soft. It is manufactured by the combination of the crystal-clear optics of the GP lenses. There is the rigid gas permeable central zone for the Hybrid lenses which is usually surrounded by the materials of the silicon hydrogel and “skirt” of the hydrogel. Regardless all of these features there is the small percentage of the people who are wearing the hybrid contact lenses. It can be due to its difficulties of fitting in the eye and these are more expensive to replace than silicon hydrogel and soft lenses.       

PMMA lenses

            Such types of contact lenses are made by the transparent rigid plastic materials which is usually known as the PMMA (poly methyl meth acrylate) and this material is also used for the substitute of the glass in the shatterproof windows. This material is commonly sold out under the trademarks of the various companies as; Plexiglas, Lucite and Perspex. The excellent optic is founded in the PMMA but it cannot easily transmitted the oxygen in the eyes which can be difficult to adapt it. The hard contact lenses now becomes the old fashioned the have been virtually replaced by the GP lenses. 

        All the experiments along with its methods are discussed in the next section and their values and results are explained in the section of this study as in the chapter four. The percentage of the all of the materials of the contact lenses will explained in the results section.  

References of contact lenses

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Boyd, Benjamin. Modern Ophthalmology: The Highlights. JP Medical Ltd, 2011.

Carnt, Nicole A., et al. "Contact lens–related adverse events and the silicone hydrogel lenses and daily wear care system used." Archives of ophthalmology (2009): 1616-1623.

Cope, Jennifer R., et al. "Contact lens wearer demographics and risk behaviors for contact lens-related eye infections—United States, 2014." MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015): 865.

Douthwaite, W. A. Contact Lens Optics and Lens Design. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2006.

Efron, Nathan. Contact Lens Complications E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2018.

—. Contact Lens Practice E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2010.

Gasson, Andrew and Judith A. Morris. The Contact Lens Manual E-Book: A Practical Guide to Fitting. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2010.

Hom, Milton M. and Adrian S. Bruce. Manual of Contact Lens Prescribing and Fitting. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2006.

Kwok, L. Stephen, et al. "Prevention of the adverse photic effects of peripheral light-focusing using UV-blocking contact lenses." Investigative ophthalmology & visual science (2003): 1501-1507.

Lueder, Gregg T. Pediatric Practice Ophthalmology. McGraw Hill Professional, 2010.

Phil Lieberman, John A. Anderson. Allergic Diseases: Diagnosis and Treatment. Springer Science & Business Media, 2007.

Segre, Liz. "Contact lens basics: Types of contact lenses and more." 2017.

Sinha, Rajesh and Vijay Kumar Dada. Textbook of Contact Lenses. JP Medical Ltd, 2017.

Steinemann, Thomas L., et al. "Over-the-counter decorative contact lenses: cosmetic or medical devices? A case series." Eye & contact lens (2005): 194-200.