Report on the technology for the wastewater treatment (WWT)

According to the Author Kalbar & et.al (2012) it is conducted that, in this research the framework of the technology for the wastewater treatment (WWT) is proposed. Then updated the selected technology for the WWT system to reduce the impacts of the discharge waters for municipal waters system. In this research work there are different technologies which is used for the WWT like the ASP (Activated Sludge Process), MBR (membrane bio-reactor), and SBR “Sequence Batch Reactors”.

This framework of technology is used to identify the WWT system and managing the wastewater to reduce the impacts of the discharge water. The purpose of this research is that to update these technologies for the WWT for the reduction. The availability of the limited sources is driving the variation in the system which focused form the residues treatment like a wastewater treatment toward the recovery.

The emerging technologies enable the recovery of resources across the WWT. The design of the WWT is also provide the environmental protection as well as the low cost sanitation through the additional benefits form the reuse of water. Some of the technologies for the WWT is used the terrestrial systems as well as the natural aquatic system. (Kalbar & et.al, 2012)

Author Igunnu & et.al ( 2014), reviewd the WWT technologies of the produced water. As by an information the porduced water is the complex mixture for the inorganic as well as organic compound of a large volumne through the genration of the recovery opertaions  oil and the gas.In this research technologies for the WWT examines that how we remove the impact on the discharged water to use the electrochemical techniques that is used in this area and its compare for the future development.

The suggestion is that the WWT technologies which is based on the electrochemistry and it could be of the future to produce the water management where the potential of the electrolyte is relatively good conductivity .In different condition when applied the photo electrochemistry, photochemical engineering that could be achieved the storage of energy, for the production of clean water along with the recovery of valuable metals to produce the minimal impact on environment.

WWT is the key platform that is based on the technological development and it is also focused for the variation of the production system. In the 2^nd phase of the WWT the Ferrate Treatment technology is the power unit for the high Valant, in the iron molecule which oxidize the chemical process and it is also scaling on the organism of co-precipitate which is dissolved in the particulate metals. The technology for the WWT is the Ferrate Treatment that is extremely power to deliver the various treatments from a specific applications which create the disinfections of the products that is very difficult to solve these treatment challenges for the oxidants (Igunnu & et.al, 2014).

Now first of all updated all these technologies for the WWT to reduce the discharge water. For this procedures explain all these technology for the understanding of updating.  

 Activated Sludge Process

According to the Author McIlroy & et.al, (2015) it is conduted that the Activated Sludge Process is most common for the suspeneded growth in the process of the muncipal WWT beacsue it is alos reduced the the impact of the discharged water. The activated sludge provess includes the;

·         Aeration of the wastewater in presence of Micribial suspension

·         Aeration of the Soild liquid seprations

·         Excess biomass for the WWT

·         Aertion tank which retrun the remining biomass (McIlroy & et.al, 2015)

The main aim of this activated sludge system is to maintain and manage the minimum amount of micro-organisms in water by supplying water in proper way. Then after this in such environment these micro-organism are involved in converting colloidal and soluble material that are present in wastewater into cell that are called activated sludge and also into end products. These micro-organism then undergo in some changes according to the environment and reproduce.

The term activated mainly comes from the particles that are actively teeming with beneficial protozoa and sewage bacteria. It can be seen that the Activated sludge is quite different term and process from the smelly anaerobic sludge process that is involved in removing primary settlement chambers from the waste water. In this process the live bacteria also known as activated bacterial sludge.

This type of plants have a lot of advantages that include, there are longer emptying intervals are present in sewage. This is very reliable and quite simple process of remove waste from water. There is not a single moving part is present in this plant.

After some time there is a lot of up gradation has been done on this technology to make it more reliable and more beneficial to use as waste water treatment process.

According to the author Li (2016), he has gave information about the comparison of hyper thermophilic-mesophilic in activated sludge process. There is some up gradation has been done in this process to make it more perfect in the future. For the single stage process there is production of methane process. The results shows that if activated sludge process contain two stages so this means more methane gas will be produce that will help to kill bacteria from the sewage. It can be seen that recirculation in this process will increase the microbial community diversity (Wu, et al., 2016).

In this article the author Andrew (2012), was involved in making some optimization in the activate sludge process. In this paper he has presented a multiobjective model that can be used for optimizing the activated sludge process for the waste water treatment process. In this process the energy is minimized in proper way, and also its quality has been enhanced. These three different function in the activated sludge process that are required to be optimized is airflow rate, the total suspended solids and carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand of the effluent.

 All of these functions are optimized through the use of multiobjective model that contain multiobjective particle swarm optimization algorithm. The results shows that there is some trade off required that is between quality and energy saving of the effluent. It can be seen that there is 15% reduction in the airflow but in that case energy saving process is increased also the quality of effluent (Kusiak & Wei, 2012).  

In this article the author Bing was involved in making some changes in the activated sludge process through the help of Adsorption and biodegradtion of antibiotics. For this process he has removed about 11 antibiotics from this water. This can be done through two series of batch reactor for activated sludge process. For improving this technology the absorption and biodegradtion are the two important routes that can be used for improving the quality of this process.

 From all of these 11 antibiotics, cephalexin was removed with the help of biodegradtion in freshwater and also in sewage water. Other harmful chemicals in the waste water that include Ampicillin, ofloxacin, norfloxaxcin are removed through the help of absorption in the activated sludge process. But there are some cations like calcium and magnesium are present in sewage water are involved decreasing the absorption process, and they also exhibited some biodegradability in the reactor. The results shows that through the use of these processes in perfect order the efficiency of this process can be improve easily.

After this the next waste water treatment method is membrane bio reactor. This reactor is use to clean the waste water from sewage.