The outer membrane of the nucleus is continuous with the membrane of which other organelle?

Answer:

The endoplasmic reticulum

Question 2

Which organelle is the major site of new membrane synthesis in a cell?

Answer

The endoplasmic reticulum

Question 3

Which organelle receives proteins and lipid from the endoplasmic reticulum, modifies them and the dispatches them to other destination in the cell?

Answer

The Golgi apparatus

Question 4

Most mitochondrial and chloroplast proteins are made in which part of the cell?

Answer

In the cytosol

Question 5

Protein that lack a single sequence remain as permanent residents of which part if a eukaryotic cell

Answer

The Cytosol

Question 6

Proteins are unfolded during their transport across the membrane of all but one of the following organelles which one?

Answer

The nucleus 

Question 7

Which of the following is true

Answer

A common pool of ribosome is used to synthesize both the protein that stay in the cytosol and those that are destined for the ER.

Question 8

The ER signal sequence on a growing polypeptide chain is recognized by a single recognition particle (SPR) in the cytosol. This interaction

Answer

Guides the ribosome and its polypeptide to the ER membrane.

Question 9

Which type of proteins binds to improperly folded or improperly assembled proteins in the ER, holding them there until proper folding occurs?

Answer

Chaperone Proteins

Question 10

In the unfolded protein response, the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER serves as a signal for the cell to do which of the following?

Answer

Produce more ER

Question 11

Macromolecules, such as proteins, travel between components of the endomembrane system by

Answer

Vesicular transport 

Question 12

Select all of the protein below that are made on the membrane-bound ribosomes of the rough ER?

Answer

ER chaperones, secreted proteins, Receptors on the plasma membrane and golgi proteins

 Question 13

What portion of a polypeptide being synthesized determines which type of ribosome, free or bound, will complete its synthesis?

Answer

The single sequence

Question 14

All of the following are the types of protein processing that can occur in the endoplasmic reticulum expect

Answer

Phosphorylation

Question 15

Integral membrane proteins are inserted in the correct orientation in the membrane with the assistance of what protein of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer

Translocon

Question 16

The initial response of the cell to misfolded protein accumulation in the ER is …… if that does not clear up the problem the cell will then initiate… and if  that is not successful then the cell initiate…..

Answer

ERAD, UPR and Apoptosis

Question 17

The process by which misfolded protein in the ER are transported to the cytosol, labeled with ubiquitin and then degraded by proteasomes is called

Answer

ERAD

Question 18

Translation is stopped in

Answer

The unfolded protein response

Question 19

If the protein in the following diagram is a protein that will localize to the plasma membrane which end will be on the outside of the cell?

Answer

The c-terminus

Question 20

What is the purpose of Chaperones?

Answer

They recognize and bind to unfolded or misfolded protiens and help them attain their native (i.e correct) structure

Homework 2

Question 1

…….. makes RNA and …… makes proteins

Answer

Transcription and Translation

Question 2

In eukaryotes, which of the following are first made in a pre-form (a primary transcript) and are then processed into a final form before exiting the nucleus

Answer

mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

Question 3

tRNA and rRNA can be made from the same segment/Sequence of DNA

Answer

False

Question 4

What determines the nucleotide sequence of an RNA strand?

Answer

Complementary base pairing with the DNA template during transcription

Question 5

Some Segment of DNA don not encode proteins, but instead encode functional RNA (RNA that will not be used to make a protein)

Answer

True

Question 6

To begin transcription, RNA polymerase recognizes nucleotide sequence in what region of the DNA?

Answer

Promoter region

Question 7

At which site on the DNA of a gene does RNA polymerase release its newly made RNA?

Answer

Terminator

Question 8

The RNA chain elongates in what direction

Answer

5 inch to 3 inch

Question 9

RNA Polymerases can start an RNA chain without a primer

Answer

True

Question 10

The TATA box is

Answer

Part of a promoter

Question 11

RNA polymerase add nucleotides to what end of the newly growing strand?

Answer

3 inches

Question 12

In eukaryotes, what must assemble at a promoter before RNA polymerase can transcribe a gene?

Answer

General Transcription factors

Question 13

Which of the following does not increase the stability of eukaryotic mRNAs?

Answer

An intron

Question 14

In eukaryotes which part of a gene are transcribed into RNA?

Answer

Intons and exons

Question 15

In bacteria, most protein-coding genes lack introns

Answer

True

Question 16

What structure is responsible for selecting and transporting only properly processed eukaryotic mRNA into cytoplasm?

Answer

Nuclear pore complex

Question 17

How many nucleotides are necessary to specify one amino acid?

Answer

3

Question 18

Amino acid are attached to their tRNA molecules by:

Answer

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

Question 19

Where on the mRNA does translation begin?

Answer

AUG

Question 20

Which part of a protein is synthesized by a ribosome first?

Answer

The N-Terminus  

Question 21

Within the ribosome, the formation of peptide is catalyzed by

Answer

An RNA molecule in the large ribosomal subunit

Question 22

Base pairing is involved in

Answer

Replication, Transcription, Translation

Question 23

Transcription and translation occur simultaneously in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer

False

Question 24

The processing of pre-tRNA into mature form requires

Answer

Cleavage, Splicing, Base modification or additions

Question 25

The processing of pre-rRNA into mature from requires

Answer

Splicing Base modification or additions

Question 26

tRNA have (a) binding sites for

Answer

Ribosome, mRNA, amino acid

Question 27

In transcription……. Of DNA is/are used to make a RNA transcript

Answer

The Antisense strand

Question 28

If the DNA coding strand is ACAGTCGAT, the mRNA strand will be

Answer

ACAGUCGAU

Question 29

What order to the following proteins bind to initiate translation?

Answer

Small ribosomal subunit, tRNA, large ribosomal subunit

Question 30

Elongation of a polypeptide requires which of the following: EF-Tu, GTP. mRNA. Ribosome, EF-G, ATP

Answer

All but ATP

Question 31

There is one site on the ribosome to which the tRNA binds

Answer

False

Question 32

AAGCTAGATGCGCGAGGCCATTAAAGC… (Sense)

…TTCGATCTACGACGCTCCGGTAAATTTCG .. (Antisense)

The above dsDNA represents a region of a gene. What peptide would be made from the translation of the primary transcript (without splicing). To solve this problem you can use the genetic code table (in the lecture notes your book and available online by searching)

Answer

Met-Arg-Glu-Ala-Ile