Describe four ways in which the newly synthesized antibodies can help clearing the ongoing infection.

Ans. Antigens are consider as protein that are present on the pathogen surface. Related to pathogens, antigens are unique. The whooping cough bacterium just like from the TB bacterium, different antigens in its surface. When it going to enter in the human body, antibodies are going to generated by immune system. Normally antigens are Y shaped. The whole procedure looks like a battle where army fights with the enemies. The antigens recognized by the lymphocytes which are a type of white blood cells. It produce antibodies  that are specially related with the antigens. Every antibody has unique shape of binding site that connect with the antigen within the specific shape. Antigen destroyed by the antibodies that are engulfed and macrophages digest them. Antitoxin also provided by the white blood cells that remove the toxin from the body that left some bacteria with in the body. When the microbes going to destroy then the immune system stop working.