Literature Review on an evaluation of the effectiveness of urban renewal under Urban Renewal Authority(Chapter 2)

        In the present era, urban planning all over the globe has become much more comprehensive in the scope adding to their central focus which is building the environment, political, economic and social policies (Rapkin, 1979). The Urban Renewal authority stated that the urban renewal is something which should be conducted through comprehensive planning. Redevelopment is being done for the improvement of the built infrastructure and environment in the old districts of urban. In the meantime, urban renewal makes sure to give friendlier environment, that is greenery and open space to the public. In addition to that, it is believed by the authorities that utilizing recent technologies can make the buildings more environmentally friendly and quite modern.

        In the present era, Urban renewal has evolved in some developing regions as a reaction to the shifting expectations of the inhabitants that the derelict and abandoned buildings should be redeveloped and reused instead of demolishing them (Couch, 1990). These developments have to be sustainable, as in they must merge the concepts of sustainability for securing long-term economic, social and environmental well-being within the renewal of urban building (Ng, Cook, and Chui, 2001 and Bromley, Tallon, and Thomas, 2005).

Objectives of urban renewal on an evaluation of the effectiveness of urban renewal under Urban Renewal Authority

    Urban renewal is the tool for using new development to replace the old buildings and poor areas for solving the issues of urban decay. Within this process, the living situation of the inhabitants in old districts is expected to be enhanced. Apart from that, some culture or typical value of the particular area should not be taken away from the land given that the old buildings would be redeveloped.

    From the development bureau, to promote and ensure building safety and timely maintenance is one of their goals to protect the citizens. Not only, to implement urban renewal holistically by improving the built environment of older urban areas and the living condition of residents.

Importance of Urban Renewal on an evaluation of the effectiveness of urban renewal under Urban Renewal Authority

        For the revitalization of countries, communities take extreme steps such as producing high-speed rails and breaking abandoned houses within a specific region. With such drastic measures, it has become quite visible that most of the redevelopment concerns the urban renewal. Therefore, such a restoration is considered very important to neighborhood sustainability and vitality. Regardless of someone's belief, it is integrally clear for urban planning, renewal projects and steps and more than just a little critical. Plans regarding urban design have been deployed by regions like Richmond for defining the existing issues and ways for addressing them in the city (Davis, 2012).

    Proposals surrounding the contemporary strategizing of plans such as Capital Involvement Plan, The Richmond Riverfront Plan, and The Richmond Virginia Master Plan have provided the city with five important reasons just why renewal plans are essential in the growth of Richmond.

Historic Preservation on an evaluation of the effectiveness of urban renewal under Urban Renewal Authority

    Through the removal of structures which were blighted in Church Hill and remodeling of worn off houses in the neighborhood allowed the capitalization of Richmond, Virginia’s deep history. With this, tourism dollars have come back (Davis, 2012).

Slum Clearance on an evaluation of the effectiveness of urban renewal under Urban Renewal Authority

    Within the neighborhood, the demolition of Dove Court and redesigning of Gilpin Court have raised a lot of interest in the whole city (Davis, 2012).

Reduce Crime on an evaluation of the effectiveness of urban renewal under Urban Renewal Authority

    Throughout the city, the significant five-year decrement in crimes has further strengthened the suspect that with the development of renewable projects and designs, crime rate can also be reduced and plans can give positive outcomes over various periods (Davis, 2012).

Improving Housing Stock on an evaluation of the effectiveness of urban renewal under Urban Renewal Authority

    With the designing of projects like Rockets Landing, a partnership and a strong bond has developed among nearby vicinities and localities while including a specific kind of modern architecture which is innovative (Davis, 2012).

Economic Vibrancy on an evaluation of the effectiveness of urban renewal under Urban Renewal Authority

    When it comes to areas which emanate industrial glow or vibrancy, renewed National Theater, a housing complex of Virginia Commonwealth University, and Broad Street are included (Davis, 2012).

Role of Urban Renewal Authority on an evaluation of the effectiveness of urban renewal under Urban Renewal Authority

    The commitment of URA is  Addressing the acute problem of urban decay in Hong Kong and optimizing residents’ living standards in urban areas which are dilapidated; Considering an approach of “public participatory, district-based, and people first” in the work; Recognizing core activities such as ‘Rehabilitation and Redevelopment’ revitalizing areas and preserving the hereditary value of building which come within the boundaries of URA; and deploying efficient practices in terms of sustainable production; and creating a optimum city using eligible density of development, revitalization, hereditary preservation, local culture, greening, urban design, and land use planning (URA, 2018).

References on an evaluation of the effectiveness of urban renewal under Urban Renewal Authority

Beadle, Lynn. 2001. Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. CRC Press, .

CSFP. 2015. Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. https://www.ura.org.hk/f/publication/2016/19_consolidated_statement_of_financial_position.pdf.

Davis, Jamaal. 2012. 5 Reasons Why Urban Renewal is So Important to the City of Richmond, Virginia. October 12. https://theglobalgrid.org/5-reasons-why-urban-renewal-is-so-important-to-the-city-of-richmond-virginia/.

Li, C. Y. 2007. Kwun Tong Town Centre Redevelopment Project and the Role of Urban Design. The HKU Scholar Hub.

Ong, A. 2001. Hyperbuilding: Spectacle, Speculation, and the Hyperspace of Sovereignty. In Worlding Cities: Asian Experiments and