Types of Nano- sensor

        Nano-sensor has several types that are categorized in accordance with the specifications. Most commonly known types of Nano-sensor are optical Nano-sensor, biological Nano-sensor, chemical Nano-sensor, and physical Nano-sensor [2]. Basically, we can classify the nano-sensors into two main categories as optical nano-sensors, electrochemical nano-sensors and optical nano-sensors are known as the classification of the nano- sensors on the basis of structure. While if we make classification on the basis of applications then the major categories or types are chemical nano-sensors, deployable nano-sensors, electrometers, and biosensors. Major types of the Nano-sensor are presented below in detail.

1.      Optical Nanosensor

             Optical Nano-sensors as the major type of Nano-sensor is being in use in several fields of life. While optical sensors are sub-divided into two main types proximity sensors and Ambient light sensors. The main task of the proximity optical Nano-sensor is to detect the presence of the motion and object. In the printers detection of the out-of-paper condition is one of the fine examples of the proximity optical Nano-sensors. While on the other hand, Agrawal and Prajapati in 2012 conducted research that elaborates that ambient light sensors as the type of optical sensors support in detecting precise light in the wide range of ambient brightness. Considering such qualities and functionality of the ambient light sensors now in LCDs, TVs, and mobiles ambient light sensors are used [2]. In the application of ambient light sensor electro (or optical sensors) are used that can convert the optical signal into light and then again reconvert the light into the signal. Ambient light sensors are strongly capable to sense various types of components in the light as the wavelength of the light, phase. And intensity [2]. 

1.      Physical Nano-sensor

        The main task of the physical Nano-sensors is to detect and measure the changes occurred in the environment as flow rate, pressure, acceleration, volume, force, density, and mass. The physical Nano-sensors can also detect the single virus because of the strong power of sense. Therefore chemical and physical Nano-sensors are very commonly used in the medical fields for detecting the virus and other particles that can harm the human body [2].  

1.      Electrochemical Nanosensor

              In accordance with the research electrochemical nano-sensors can be also identified as amperometric and potentiometric transduction mechanisms. However, in the electrochemical nano-sensors mass transduction covers the surface areas, acoustic waves, microcantilever and microbalance [2]. 

1.      Chemical Nanosensor

                Chemical Nano-sensors as the name of the sensor suggests relates to the chemicals, compositions of the chemicals, and concentration on molecules [1]. The chemical Nano-sensors contains recognitions as well as molecules that work together for the purpose of detections. Appending transducer generate the electrical signal there, through recognizing (the function of the receptor), interacting, and responding to the chemical Nano-sensors. The interaction between the molecules and receptors causes for the alteration in the physical properties. Specific input in the chemical Nano-sensors are carbon, palladium nanoparticles, and zinc oxide nanowires.

1.      Electrometers Nanosensor

             Electrometer Nanosensors are also known as the mechanical electrometer. Basically, electrometer is a Nano-meter scale that helps out for the mechanical work as being in use for couple charge to the mechanical elements. Electrometers contains the gate electrodes, torsional mechanical resonator, and detection electrode [2].    

1.      Deployable Nanosensor

              All the earlier described types of Nano-sensors were commonly in use in our daily life activities in different direct or indirect ways. While the deployable Nano-sensors are basically referred to the Nano-sensors that are not commonly used in our society but in the military and national security institutes [1]. The deployable Nano-sensors has the capability to detect the chemicals in the air without affecting the normal life of the human being. Sniffer Star is one of the fine examples in this way that can provide real-life application of the deployable Nano-sensors.

1.      Biosensor

        In accordance with the research, biosensors are particularly designed as the analytical device the incorporate a derived element of sense that may have integration or that intimate within the physiochemical transducer. The main functionality of the biosensor is related to the production of the digital electronic system. In fact, biosensors as the type of Nano-sensors that analyze the biological materials as well as the physiochemical transducer. While biomarkers as the molecules that cover the functions as indication and detections towards the state of pathologic and physiologic state [1]

References of Nano Sensor