Global and Societal Issue

        In the present time, 2.1 billion people lack safe drinking water around the globe as well as 4.5 billion people have not accessed the proper sanitation services. Due to poor water conditions, water, the health of people is affected badly, and child are the most affected due to the lack of safe drinking water and sanitation that lead to the high mortality rate of child due to diarrheal disease and mortality rate increases day by day. The mortality rate of child per day is 1000 which is devastating situation. In developing countries, more than 2.5 billion people do not access safe drinking water and sanitation that is the major cause of environmental and health problem for those people living in unhygienic conditions. They faced the water pollution and the transfer of infection and disease due to poor living conditions.

        Due to poor economic conditions, the installation of sewage and treatment plants are impossible due to high cost of installation which is not affordable. Moreover, the old water treatment plant as a lot of energy is used for its operation as well as it is not environmentally friendly as the problem of disposal of waste is creating issues. So, in developing countries sanitation system is not efficient and they have not access to safe drinking and sanitation system. In many communities, safe drinking water resources are far away from their vicinity, so women and girls suffered a lot while collecting water as the sexual harassment from men as well as the attack of wild animals on them [3].

    As the poor sanitation system, the people have no choice but use the communal latrines or the open pit for the defecation system which is not efficient especially for women and girls. The are waiting for darkness when they use toilet outside the house. This practice is not good as this fecal enter into the water and food sources of humans and causing serious diseases like Cholera as the E-coli bacteria entered into food. Although poor sanitation system not only affect the specific community but also disturb the ecosystem as spreading of pandemic diseases along with this community.

References of Global and Societal Issue

Owusu, G. (2010). Social effects of poor sanitation and waste management on poor urban communities: a neighborhood‐specific study of Sabon Zongo, Accra. 145-160.