Discussion of the research design

The purpose of this study is to understand and estimate the effects of bureaucracy at the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia, as well as to provide recommendations that help to eliminate bureaucracy. Since l have worked at the HR department at the Ministry of Health, I realized that the bureaucracy is deeply involved and impacted the organization performances which led to slow down the government works. Although people deserve high-quality service, the public sector is suffering from the bureaucracy which can be easily eliminated by adopting modern work ideas that build on technology. Hopefully, the recommendations I intend to provide can be the initial guidance regard in building along strategic planning process that ensures the reduction of bureaucracy.

The choice of the research design

The critical research approach was chosen to run the research due to the most often use of case study approach in terms of social and administrative studies that concentrating on an organization beneath the study. The target of the case is to realize a characterizing pattern of the organization rather than managing variables to determine the influence of the bureaucracy on the quality of the provided services. Nowadays, Action research has been used widely in government affairs, being one of the most frequently used methods for conducting research in public administration.

Setting, actors, events, processes, ethical considerations of the study

The setting of the study will mainly focus on the healthcare sector, specifically on the Ministry of Health in terms of attempting to understand the role of the bureaucracy in slowing down the performance of the overall progress of the organization. It will also estimate and provide solutions in terms of how may reduce factors and practices that might lead to the problems and ensure that they do not occur in the future. On the side of the study, I expected the participants in the study will be either Saudi students at Gannon University as well as citizens of Saudi Arabia who have a relationship or in some way or other influenced by the bureaucracy of Healthcare sector. However, it is important to clarify that, if the circumstances are conducive, I will gently share the result of this study with the Director of Human Resources in the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia, stressing that the purpose of the study is to try to develop programs to help reduce bureaucracy in government departments. It is important to mention that all personal information of the participators will be kept confidential and will not be shared with outsiders under any circumstances except me and the professor who instructed the research for grading purposes.

Discussion of data collection strategies

In term of collecting qualitative data, I will define and examine the target audience that I have in mind for the research while the major method I would use is personal and group interviewing whether face-to-face or via the internet. In the face-to-face method, I will interview the target category of the Saudi students in the Gannon University Campus in person or in a group with the collaboration of the Saudi Student Council in Erie. I am planning to conduct the research on Gannon University’s Campus, targeting the Saudi students who identify in the sample. I expected to reach eleven students who represent 36.6 % of the total sample. Furthermore, for the people who I planned to target in Saudi Arabia, I will use the electronic apps such as WhatsApp, Skype and email. It is important to mention that 60 % of the chosen sample is either the students or citizens who work or are still working in the health sector in Saudi Arabia.

Discussion data analysis procedures:

Regarding the analysis of qualitative data, I would put the raw data into certain relevant categories, which will be help me sort them out later. In the preliminary comparison phase of the analysis, I intend to perform hypothesis tests to reduce large raw data and put it into an executable concept. This phase follows the analysis of data based on the influence and strength that depending on the reaction and how people's responses and perceptions of the questions which will facilitate the process of drawing a scheme to illustrate the interactions and responses to others within the study. Taking these steps will determine the percentage of respondents who believe in the existence of bureaucracy at the Ministry of Health in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia along with clarifying their views regarding the quality of services provided in the health sector. In addition, that will help in perceiving the responders' conclusions from those who work or are still working in the health sector and how they answer the research questions. The most benefits from these steps are attempting to comprehend the level of the responders who are satisfied with the services that provided by the Ministry of Health and understanding their impressions regarding the medical system in Saudi Arabia.

The role of the researcher:

The role I am committed to do during the qualitative research is ensuring that interviewers get their best understanding of each relevant aspect of bureaucracy and its impact. The researcher must listen carefully during the interview and make sure that the recipient understands the options available to them that help them to answer, as the researcher must be ready to answer any question or a vague point to the respondent. During the interview, the researcher must speak to the respondent and the respondent should feel the importance of their response and their role in the success of the study. It is important to the interviewees to understand my position and the role I will do in the study likewise clarifying if my job is internal - an insider, who is a full member in action, program, or phenomenon, or the job is more external – from an outside view, a greater amount of a goal watching. During the interview, I will ask preliminary and experimental questions and then listen to the reaction of each participant, which qualifies me to ask more depth and specific questions forming a comprehensive picture of the participant's understanding of the questions and how they will response to these questions. To achieve this role, participants in the research need to know the human tool used in the research to describe the relevant aspects of myself, including any biases, assumptions, expectations, and experiences to my qualification, I must explain my ability to conduct the research and give some examples from the past.

Expected outcomes of the study:

The expected results of the study will be to identify factors and practices that aggravate bureaucracy in government departments, especially the Ministry of Health, and providing some proposals and solutions to reduce their growth. I also expect the results to clarify some strategic plans that will help the ministry eliminate bureaucracy based on the experiences of some developed countries and how they overcame the bureaucracy. The study will also ensure to provide preventive and precautionary recommendations to prevent the return of bureaucracy again. This will be done through the implementation of reversed programs and plans against them while ensuring implementation to reach the desired results.

Strategies used to validate the accuracy of the findings and to demonstrate the reliability of the codes and themes:

The strategies I will use to validate the accuracy of the findings and to demonstrate the reliability of the codes and themes are explained in the following: The first strategy I will use in identifying and clarifying the initial personal prejudices that may be affecting the nature of the final results of the study. The second strategy is recognizing the biases in pre-sampling and critical-thinking processes to ensure the depth and comprehensiveness of data collection and analysis. Adopting a comparative strategy to find similarities and differences between answers to ensure that different points of view will be represented with an emphasis on accurate record keeping for a transparent and consistent final result. Finally, I intend to use a data triangulation strategy because using this strategy will help me getting different ways and perspectives to obtain a broader and more comprehensive set of results.