According to “Every Trip is a Quest” by Foster

There are five aspects by which the quest is made up and these aspects are: a quester, the destination, the stated reason, challenges, and the real reason to go to the place. Poe and Hawthorne have discussed the violence in their stories and particularly wrote the dark tales turning incredibly violent. Almost every sort of violence is covered by Foster including its symbolic or literal meaning. In the work of Poe and Hawthorne, the essential elements have been cruelty, violence, and darkness. The sound of the words of Poe has always been the essential ingredient in his stories. Not only his words sound matter, but the actual sound also matters such as breathing, beating hearts, ringing bells, and dripping, such sounds are everywhere in his writing.

The stories of Hawthorne have been used as the social critic. Hawthorne never had a problem laying the questions of readers, as literally and deliberately as possible for him, at the feet of his readers. There are no qualms for Hawthorne about making the characters of his stories very literal along with their journey. Although the list of Foster of what is required is sufficient, it is not complete and the story meeting his requirements can be successful, but the author can always include more ingredients. The sound element of Poe and literal of Hawthorne have been overlooked by Foster and such ingredients should be added to the list. The appropriate title for such ingredient can be “sound of the story