Three eras of Policing of Contemporary Policy

 The policing task is very complex, tough as well as dynamic. It is very complicated field of that striving that develops as hard lessons teach the trainees what things work and what things are not applicable. There are three eras of policies of in America which are different such as the political era, community era or community problem solving era as well as the reform era. Several thing has been changes in the policing that works above the year in United States. 

Political Era of Contemporary Policy

            Some information on the topic of political era that gives us some key information related to past and provide how the policing was made or worked. The policing was established from the mid of the 1800’s till the 1920’s due to the development of the industrial cities in the United States. The era of establishing the policing because of the development of the industrial cities is referred to as the political Era. The local politicians were represented by the police during this era in the neighborhoods. At that time, there was no system for the civil service. That’s why the police were employed, appointed, dismissed as well as managed at the preference of the local politicians. The precincts were run by the local politicians as the small departments. In the simple words, it means that the objective of the police was similar to the mission of the local politicians. Furthermore, the police in the United States during the political era had for keeping pleased the local politicians which led them to manage the crimes in the society and cities. At that time, the policemen were hired by observing the political service by the local politicians. The new hires or officers were just sent on patrol without having any instruction as well as the training. They are given just a rulebook for this purpose. People considered it very decent job but in actual that job had poor job because of the turnover of politicians.

            The police were stable at that time and knew all the societies very well. They knew every community as well as had knowledge that who is able to be there and who is not. The police identified the major problems that can cause of the crime. The policemen were linked with the communities socially and politically. The police used the call box for reporting the stationhouses. Moreover on the political era, a wide variety of the social services were provided by the police officers to the communities. An enormous amount of discretion as well as the supervision had been limited by the police during the era. There was an ample opportunities for shaking down the small businesses as well as the paddlers because the policemen worked totally alone. The pick pocketers, thieves as well as the gamblers are allowed by the officers to go further about their business for the share of proceeding in the return. It was led by this structure to culture of corruption by police as well as for resolving this, a reform was required (Hooper, 2014).

            Furthermore on the topic of political era in the very concise way and simple words, the local’s government agencies typically established as well as controlled the police departments during the era of politics. The state as well as the federal government or the local government was running the department of police but it did not create inference too much. Only local political groups or well establishing families would get the elected positions locally.  The police did a lot of many things such as finding the shelters for homeless people and helping to find the job for immigrants, rather than fighting with the criminals during that time.

There was a problem with the political era is when the politicians started using the power for achieving their personal goals as well as for the establishment of their corrupt missions or businesses then people did leave them the politicians as well as they left to believe on the police. In the era of politics, the rich or powerful people who had the political backgrounds, did introduce a slogan that “Do you know who I am?” It made the chaos in the environment and police was fail to control that situation.

Professional Era of Contemporary Policy

After the end of political era, the policing went through the era of professionalism or era of the reformation in the United States. It was the era that rejected the political era on the basis of police legality. After coming up of the reform era, the police were no longer seen working for the politicians for the enforcement of the law. The police in the era of reform moved using the focus on the law of criminal to narrow their functioning for the apprehension of criminal control as well as the crime control. In the professional era, the policemen and officer do not know the society and the community but they were working and serving in the good manners with the honesty.

At that times, many of the contradictions made by the people because the politicians have no power to harass any person, fulfilling or establishing the corrupt missions. At this era, the police only see the current things and conflicts to perform any action. When the civil rights and Vietnam War, police were protectors but the protests of civil rights arouse (McCue, 2009).

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Community Era of Contemporary Policy

The people of the United States are currently exist in the community policing era. The social scientists conducted a number of studies in decades of the 1970’s and 1980’s on what strategies work. The policing of community is not specifically stated as well as may also base on the department of Police. Therefore, the fundamental factors of the policing are same. These factors or the forces consist of police department that is trying to minimize the rate of crime, chaos in the society, fear as well as disorder for the community members to make them feel good that their department of police is friendly and wants many improvements by having their feedbacks.

In the critics, a major disadvantage of the community policing is that will be more difficult to make people feel good by establishment of the strong partnership among the community and police. Without having any involvement as well as trust of the community, the policy will fail.

Skills and Training of Contemporary Policy

Some skills are required for the training of police in academies in the United States. I am objectively examined the learning as well as the performance of three classes. First of all, the instructors teach the students or trainees that how they can be defensive in the critical conditions. Some tactics like snatching the guns or knives from the hands of criminals if they points on them. Second skill is to manage and control the situations, if a criminal grab any civilian. They should need to make them powerful by exercising.

            The shooting classes are also held in the academies as well as each session evaluates the ability to shoot on the objective point. The first experiment examines the block training that will be conducted for eight weeks during academy. In the second experiment, the effects of the space sessions in the form of the small groups conducted which will be based on the scenarios as well as it will teach the trainee to work with the team. The feedback based on the scenario will be conducted across the fifteen weeks during the academy. After developing the skills, the academy takes some tests to evaluate the skills for their graduation (Hulse, 2012).

Four stages of problem solving process (SARA) of Contemporary Policy

There are four stages of problem solving process (SARA). It is the process which is used to handle a problem. The four stages of the problem solving process are as Follows

Scanning of Contemporary Policy

            In the scanning, the police or officer identifies the habitual or repetitive problems which concerns with the police and the community or individual. Identification of consequences are also done then the officer screen out the problems and develop the goals that how he will control those problems.

Analysis of Contemporary Policy

            In the analysis, the officer or professional must identify and understand the conditions and then make a precedence as well as he will also identify the relevant data or information. Some research such as gathering information of the criminal is also processed.

Response of Contemporary Policy

            In the response, brainstorming for the new intervention, seeking for the other communities are facing similar problems and choosing the best alternatives from the interventions will be done.

Assessment of Contemporary Policy

In the assessment, the evaluation process will be implemented by determining the plans as well as pre and post responses are also collected in both manners like qualitative and quantitative (McGarry, 2010).

References of Contemporary Policy

Hooper, M. K. (2014). Acknowledging existence of a fourth Era of policing: The information era. Journal of Forensic Research and Crime Studies, 1-4.

Hulse, P. J. (2012). Interpersonal skills training in police academy curriculum. . FBI L. Enforcement Bull.,, 16.

McCue, C. B. (2009). Predictive policing: what can we learn from Wal-Mart and Amazon about fighting crime in a recession? Police Chief,, 18.

McGarry, M. (2010). Police and Problem Solving: Beyond SARA. Australasian Policing, 42.