Effect of 660 nm Light-Emitting Diode on the Wound Healing in Fibroblast-Like Cell Lines

A report has mentioned that the light within the red to near-infrared or NIR, which ranged between 630-1000 nm produced by Light-Emitting Diodes or LEDs or else by a quite low energy laser, have presented some valuable biological impacts within a series of injury types. In addition to this, there was also an observation around the photobiomodulation, with a purpose to improve the mitochondrial metabolic rate, accommodate the wound healing. Furthermore, it has also approved to promote angiogenesis inside the skin, nerve, bone, and some skeletal muscles as well.

Some beneficial impacts on cells also have been presenting by Red and NIR with “kick-starting” the cells into urgently generating extra Adenosine Triphosphate or ATP and also improving the activities performed by both DNA and RNA. Ever since a987, there has been an extensive examination of this impact. The observation has mentioned that the positive impacts merely in wounded cells, while there was benefit founded within healthy cells.

Healing of wounded skin and repairing the tissue are considered as complicated processes that integrate an active series of activities such as inflammation, coagulation, wound contraction, granulation tissue information, along with remodeling the tissue. The finest results attained at particular ranges were reported that the perfect wavelengths were in the middle of 600-900 nm, which are:

·         610-625 nm

·         660-690 nm

·         750-770 nm

·         815-860 nm

A well-established therapeutic instrument in the process of giving a treatment of infected, ischemic, and also hypoxic wounds, was claimed to be NIR via LED. In fact, NIR via LED has also succeeded in treating soft tissue injuries in animals and humans as well.

The mechanism activity of NIR via LED is the up-regulation of the cytochrome C oxidase movement along with the ATP production, as investigated within the significant cultures of rat visual cortical neurons, which incapacitated functionally by potassium cyanide or KCN, sodium azide or N3Na, or by tetrodotoxin.

NASA has currently declared that the used of LED light as a source of 670 nm has great impacts on wound recovery. Furthermore, it has also mentioned that the effectiveness of this type of LED light source in weakening certain classes of injury which presented, such as constraining the impacts of toxic like methanol on the retina.

Even though the exposure of LED was reported correctly, but there was no straight evidence intended for the migration of cell as well as the influence that made by the intensity and duration of LED exposure. For this reason, we can assume that this 670 nm LED may be really beneficial in recovering severe cutaneous wounds.

Another report currently has also stated around the impact of red LED in the context of healing the wounds. Conversely, that report did not expose about what are the straight impacts could be made by the red LED on the migration of cell.

The Experiments

1. Red LED Irradiation

An experiment made in a photo illumination-cell culture system with a purpose to evaluate the impacts of 660 nm red light LED on the production of cells and also wound healing of HGF-1 cells and L929. There are three main segments included in this system such as:

·         LED module

·         Cell culture well plate

·         Power and time controller by an LED exposure

On 12-well plates, the HGF-1 cells and L929 were located and being wide-open to 660 nm red LED light, which has 2.5, 5.5, and 8.5 mW/cm2 of intensity meant for 5, 10, and 20 minutes of exposure durations. During the exposure, the culture medium’s temperature was preserved at 37 ± 0.1ºC by utilizing an incubator.

2.      Cell Proliferation of Effect of 660 nm Light-Emitting Diode on the Wound Healing in Fibroblast-Like Cell Lines

The cell proliferation’s level right after the processes of irradiation with the red LED light was measured at an intensity which ranged from 2.5, 5.5, and also 8.5 mW/cm2 intended for 5, 10, and 20 minutes exposure durations by using the MTT assay.

3.      The Wound Healing Assay of Effect of 660 nm Light-Emitting Diode on the Wound Healing in Fibroblast-Like Cell Lines

The in vitro healing of the wound was measured by irradiation by adding the red LED light was determined at 5, 10, and also 20 minutes right after the exposure. Every single cell was scattered with the cells toward an end bulk of 1 x 10⁵ cells for each well and preserved at 37ºC and 5% CO2 for a duration of 18 hours.

The Results of Effect of 660 nm Light-Emitting Diode on the Wound Healing in Fibroblast-Like Cell Lines

The result presented from the cell proliferation experiment was no substantial alterations shown in the morphology of the HGF-1 cells, notwithstanding the concentration or exposure duration. Meanwhile, in the MTT assay experiment which conducted to appraise the cell proliferation reliant on the intensity of light and time at 660 nm wavelength has founded that the laser-improved biostimulation that has a purpose to encourage the alterations of intracellular metabolic has resulted in quicker cell separation, vast matrix creation, as well as the movement of cell. In contrast, higher doses of laser energy were noted to constrain the proliferation of the cell.

Another examination to investigate the impact of wound healing made by 670 nm LED light on the cuts and burn wounds has proposed that the exposure of red light may be quite beneficial in post-operative wound recovery. The results from that examination presented that even though 670 nm LED light was not really efficient to apply on the burn wounds, and it has, in contrast, enhanced the healing progress on cuts.

Conclusion of Effect of 660 nm Light-Emitting Diode on the Wound Healing in Fibroblast-Like Cell Lines

This system of red LED illumination-cell culture was formed and built with a purpose to appraise the effect made by the red LED light on the cellular bioactivity on behalf of the cell proliferation, as well as the wound healing with utilizing L929 altogether with HGF-1 cells. The finest concentration presented by 660 nm red LEDs to encourage and stimulate the migration of cell in 5 and 10 minutes exposure were showing that the cell was dependent. These results simply propose that 660 nm red LED light may be a great, accurate, and ideal resource to be used for phototherapy within the medical treatment processes of healing the wounds.