Report on Trade-off analysis of functional diagram

There is a complete functional diagram of the two grocery baskets. The first one is steel, and the next one is plastic. The steel one is expansive, but it is more reliable than the plastic one. On the other hand, the plastic one is cheap, but it is unable to handle huge weights. The life span of plastic is high, and it also required less maintenance. But the good thing is that the steel baskets are more reliable than the plastic in the stores that are involved in loading heavy materials for shopping. The nature of the grocery basket is totally depended on the nature of work. 

Concept validation of Trade-off analysis of  functional diagram 

According to these two designs, the steel grocery basket is selected. The reason is that its reliability is higher than the plastic one. It will be extremely easy to carry large mass loads in this basket. The next advantage is that the balance of the steel basket is also accurate. Those different tests have been conducted that will give proper information about the steel grocery basket. This is selected for further analysis. 

Engineering development stage of design a new basket for shoppers

In this stage, there is complete development of the grocery basket on the basis of the engineering techniques. In this section, there is complete information about the latest engineering designs of this basket and how it can be reliable for shopping. There are different designs that will be discussed in detail with proper engineering diagrams.

Advanced development and engineering designs

These designs will help to analyze the best basket design that is able to follow all possible requirements. In this part, there is complete information about the system's functional specifications. This part will discuss some important features regarding the main specification of the grocery basket. In the next part, there is some detail about risk management. This part will discuss some important risks in the grocery basket. Then after this, there is some recommendation on how to fulfill these risks in a proper way. Later on, there are some design specifications of this advanced developed grocery basket. In that part, there are two parameters that will be discussed in detail of this basket. 

There is also a validated development model of the basket that will discuss some important components of the basket. In the next part, there is designing the main components of the basket and its tests. 

System functional specifications

For that case, there is not such a prototype that is developed for the grocery basket. For checking the feasibility, there is a need to design the grocery basket and label its parts. 

Figure: Main components of the grocery basket 

For understanding, there is a need for proper components and subsystems for the grocery basket. There are different components of the grocery basket. For designing the basket, it is important to arrange all parameters together by making a subsystem. Through this subsystem, it will be extremely easy to design the basket. In the above figure, there is a side view of the cart that is giving proper information about its main components. 

Figure: Components and subsystem of the grocery basket

The  main subsystem Its functional specification

Wheels of cart It will help the basket to move forward, backward, right, and left. 

At the front wheel, there is wheel stopper

The wheel also contains lock mats

There are also some thread guards 

Space for grocery It is used to handle the load. 

It contains a seat for the baby.

This space is able to handle weight for about 10 kg 

The heavyweight can be adjusted at the past of the shopping cart.

Handle The handle is used to control the movement of the basket 

The handle is made up of rubber and other  materials 

It is easy to move the basket from one place to another

Risk management

The main aim of risk management and its assessment is to measure and also migrate any development task in a proper way. This can be carried out through the use of ofMIL-STD-992D. In the risk assessment, there are different segments that were analyzed step by step with its mitigation.

Sr. no. The hazard of each component Probability Severity Mishap risk category Mitigation of risk

1The rear wheels may be imbalanced due to weakness in gear strap Improbable (B) High (4) Negligible (10) The wheels must be oiled after one week then there will be less chance of any mishap

2The front-wheel stopper can be lost through overloading  the basket Improbable (C) Marginal (4) High (20) This can be done by repeating adding the load on the cart. Whenever the test is failed then select another stopper for it. 

3the basket shape will be changed after extra load Improbable (E) Negligible (E) Low (20) Apply different stress test on the basket space and then move the basket in every direction 

Table: for hazards of components and its risk mitigation

Sr. noDifferent system Hazards Probability Severity Risk category of mishap Mitigation of risks

1The grocery basket’s  rear wheels may be damaged when these baskets are accepting the bad weather Remote (D) Marginal (4)Medium (10)For that case, there is a need to ensure the wheels that must be oiled in a proper way. 

2The front-wheel stopper may get rusty and oxidized due to moisture Remote (D) Marginal (4) Medium (10) There is a need to apply for proper protection on the stopper so that it will be refrain from any problem

Design specification 

In the given figure, that is about the steel grocery basket. Now in this section, there is complete information about the design of the steel basket.  This design will be selected on the basis of the existing information. The basket will obey all laws of physics. 

Material of design a new basket for shoppers

The main material used for the design of the basket is steel. The main body of the basket is completely made up of steel. The tires of the basket are made up of alloys that are able to handle heavy loads in a perfect way. The base of the basket is also made up of different alloys. The seat for the baby is made up of plastic. 

Dimension of design a new basket for shoppers

The main dimension of the grocery basket is designed under the laws of the physics 

The horizontal distance can be carried by 

horizonatl distance of basket=V_x=V_(x_0 )

Now the vertical distance

Vertical distance of basket= V_yo t-1/2  gt^2

The force can be applied for the movement of grocery basket 

F cos⁡〖θ=ma〗

In this equation θ is the required angle of the basket

Kinetic energy after the products placed in the basket 

K.E=1/2  mv^2

Validated development model 

After the complete analysis of the grocery basket through the help of risk mitigation and other analysis at three important levels. These include the main components of the basket, subsystem, and system-level of the basket. 

Validating components of design a new basket for shoppers

There are a lot of components that can be used for the manufacturing of the grocery basket. From them, the first main component is steel. After this, the next component is the handle of the basket. Moreover, the next team will ensure the wheels of the basket. These wheels must be arranged in a perfect way. Through this, it will be quite easy to move the basket in a straight line. The material or wheel must be perfect that must be checked through the quality benchmark. Another thing the rubber used for the handle that must contain enough elasticity. 

Validating sub-components of design a new basket for shoppers

There are about 2 main interfaces that are present in the grocery basket. The first one is related to the movement of the wheels. Their movement will be quite smooth and perfect. These wheels are able to adjust according to the position of the basket. The main thing that the wheels are able to handle heavy loads in a perfect way so that the basket will move in a smooth way regardless of the weight. The next one is the dimension of the body. The dimension of the basket must be according to the standards. This is because, through this, it will be quiet easy to handle heavy loads on it. 

Validating system model of design a new basket for shoppers

The model for the steel grocery is designed and evaluated according to these three requirements

Strength of the wheels: the arrangement of the wheels must be accurate. Through this, it will be quite easy to handle 10 kg weight in an efficient way. 

Width: this depends on the dimension of the grocery basket. The width must be designed according to the standards. 

Safety: the stopper of the basket must be designed perfectly so that the risks can be minimized easily. 

Component design and test 

There are different components of the grocery basket that has been discussed in the above part. In this part, there is complete testing of these parts. For the testing of its wheel, apply heavyweight and then moved the grocery basket in every direction. If these wheels are able to handle the weight and moved smoothly. 

Component test results and evaluation of design a new basket for shoppers

For different components of the basket, the proper test plan is evaluated. This test plan will be conducted in a proper way on each and every component of the grocery basket. The component that is selected for the manufacturing of the basket must be passed through these tests. Then after this, there is a proper evaluation of these tests that will give proper information about the best component. 

Integration and evaluation of design a new basket for shoppers

When all the components of the grocery baskets are evaluated, then they were sent towards the assembly part. At that stage, there is a different system, and subsystems tests were carried out. 

Subsystem interfaces design and test 

In this test, all interfaces of the components were analyzed in a proper way. then after this, these subsystems are designed according to the results of these tests. 

Integrated system testing 

In this step, all of these subsystems were integrated with the form of a complete grocery basket. In that stage, all parts of the baskets were completely assembled in a proper way. 

Figure: Final product 

System-level test results under the operation environment

In the last part, there is a team that will check the movement of the grocery basket on the bases of the tests. All of these tests were carried out for safety purposes. 

Cost breakdown of design a new basket for shoppers

The total cost for the manufacturing of the trolley is about 1400 dollars. This can be explained on the cost breakdown table 

 Name of components Raw material required Cost 

Main body Steel wires 450 Dollars

Mainframe Steel and alloys 250 dollars 

Wheels Rubber and alloys 400 dollars 

Seatbelt Elastic rubber 100 dollars

Wheel frame Alloys 200 dollars 

Challenges and lesson learned of design a new basket for shoppers

There are a lot of challenges that were faced during the completion of the project. One of the most ones is related to the designing of the main framework of the grocery basket. Its main body design was extremely complicated. The reason was that this basket has to carry weight up to 10 kg. The next difficulty the team had faced is related to the choosing best material for the manufacturing of the wheels. The team has to design such wheels that are able to carry heavy loads without any difficulty. The next thing is that when the team applied different tests on each component of the grocery basket. During this session, there were a lot of problems the team had faced. At the start, it was extremely difficult to carry out all of these tests. But as time passes, it will become extremely easy to carry out these tests. In the last, all results were perfect and accurate.