Introduction of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

Democracy mean a form of government in which people or common man select its representatives. These representatives use legal powers and run the government for solving issues or problems of people. Liberal democracy is a classical form of liberalism. In this government, people elected operate government and it is also called as “western democracy”. In this form of government, election is conducted between two or more political parties. Two or more political parties take part in election campaigns for contesting and people cast votes for their representatives. In liberal democracy or western democracy, power is separated in various organs or branches. Government implement rule of law in society on daily basis. Liberal or western democracy, protect the rights of people and give freedom to choose association with any political party in country. It gives right to people to join any party and freedom of speech. In liberal or western democracy, each country has its constitution mean all political parties agreed legal document that used to run matters of government or business of life (Steve Bruce, 2002).

The legal constitution is in written or may be uncodified form. After long struggle form European countries, in 20^th century now liberal or western democracy has become most followed or predominant system. This form of government gives right to adults to have special right of voting. The right of voting is awarded regardless sex, ethnicity and property. Form global observation, it is found that most countries following this pattern or form of government. In some countries, secret ballots system is used for voting and in some countries voters required some level of education. (Mark R. Thompson, Dead idea still walking the legacy of the Asian democracy and Asian values debate, 2015)

In liberal or western democracy, constitution defines the limitations on each authority. The power of ruling is divided into various pillars of states. Constitution strengthen the political form of government and political parties. It supports the political activities in country. The rule of separation of power is used in it. After political authority, power is vested to judiciary. The strong hold of judiciary is required to run this democratic system. Independent form of judiciary is established or developed for strengthen the system of check and balance. Judiciary has check and balance on all departments of government gives right of protection and equality. In liberal or western democracy, state matters run or follows the “rule of law” most important principle (Peter Chalk, 2017).

The laws followed has already settled set of pattern in written form. All the laws are adopted and enforced in light of prepared or already settled procedure. The form or system of ruling is adopted by various countries is “Federalism”. Federalism form of government also known as “vertical separation of powers”. There is various level settled for exercising laws or powers in society. Each designation has written or predefined set of rule of power that they can use according to situation. Governing level structure is based on municipal, provincial and national level (Ziya Öniş, 2017).

Is Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

According to political system specialists, liberal democracy is now following various hazards. Liberal democracy is in crisis situation globally and it due to serval reasons. There are serval reasons due to political system are going to fail as these are not delivering in full capacity. Most of European countries and even United State of America system itself on risk. Politician believes that liberal democracy form of government will closer to collapse. The political analysis of various liberal democratic following countries shows that system if fail to solve the public issues. Liberal democracy form of government is badly collapse performing in economic crisis. There are various reasons behind it but strong opinion originated among political scholars is that it is stand on weak pillars. In this form of government, opponents easily exploit the government officials and the result is in change in decision (Eatwell Roger & Matthew Goodwin, 2018).

In 19^th century, classical liberal democracy is invented in Europe and enforced globally through using various methods or techniques. As this form of government support the ideology of European officials and easy to implement their idea directly or indirectly. The revolutionary form in liberal democracy is also full with bloodshed and murder cases. Liberal democracy promoted “selfishness and individualism” in society. Like in Europe, France and Germany are countries that have strong struggle for fighting rights even in democratic form of government (Fenton Natalie & Gavan Titley, 2015).

Liberal Democracy is not Working as Imagined 

One major reason of liberal or western democracy, is that there is gap between people and officials. Democratic political leaders portrayed it as rulers of country and not servers of country. In liberal or western democracy, election is used for measuring the public sentiments (Khiabany Gholam & Milly Williamson, 2015).

Instability in Europe (Defying Popular Will in Brazil and Italy)

European or western form of liberal democracy is itself in crisis situation due to economic problems globally. Parliamentary or presidential form of government where election is required have problems. European system is failing to support people needs in 21^st century. European union is in crisis situation as bankers or technocrats was not associated with system (Mark R. Thompson, Democracy with Asian characteristics, 2015).

Liberal Democracy Imposing Equality

According to political system analytics, liberal democracy that Europe want to establish globally is like as foolhardy surrender. Liberal democracy is basically designed or established for flatten the path of majority will rule. In European countries, liberal democracy helped “Poland’s Catholics” that is dominant group for establishing their government. The poor weaken system, weak features and harsh policies leading towards political instability. Brazil is example of where war of power among rivalries started. Political parties struggle for getting back power and to remain in power use unethical means (Jan‐Werner Müller, 2015).

Majority will Rule is the Death of Liberal Democracy

In this form of political system, majority of people or group rule over the others and even press or under pressure others. Majority push the minority. In this form of government like in Indian, majority is “Hindu Religion” people but millions of people of other religion also present. Hindu political parties enforce their policies on all other religious group and strongly hold others under pressure. In this form of government, it is easy to target to their opponents especially in outer side of Europe (Doctor Thiven Reddy, 2015). 

Is Liberal Democracy Dead due to Poor Education

It is analyzed that Democracy is basically gentle form of government in which respect of opponent’s opinion is also given. Political parties fight for solving issues related to people. Political parties and government both work for the welfare of humanity. Ruling and opposition parties sit for solving challenges or problems. Parties develop legal structure for the growth of economic activities.

But in less educated countries, where just corrupts or money makers become political leaders have bad form of liberal democracy. In these countries, liberal democracy is used for saving corruption and supporting corrupt system. People have just right to vote and support political parties. That why, globally liberal democracy is not performing well, have corrupt practices and mass killing. Therefore, globally it is feeling that liberal democracy is not fit for these countries and system is changing (Doctor Thiven Reddy, 2015).

What are western or liberal democracy constitutional forms?

Democracy form of government is following in Europe and other countries. Western or liberal democracy has also difference among each other. As even in European countries have difference in following liberal democracy with each other. The following forms of liberal or western democracy is present in Europe now,

Constitutional Monarchy of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

Constitutional monarchy is form of liberal or western democracy and it followed in countries like as, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Japan, Netherlands, Spain and also United Kingdom (Fenton Natalie & Gavan Titley, 2015).

Republic Constitution of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

It is on large scale followed form of government and it cover rights or freedom. In republic form of constitution two party system is used and people have to follow specific rules. Republic form is present in following countries like as, France, Germany, India, Italy, Ireland, Mexico and biggest state United States (Jan‐Werner Müller, 2015).

Parliamentary System of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

In liberal or western democracy, the parliamentary form of government is used as it protects the rights of constitution.  Parliamentary system is present in following countries like as, India, Italy, France, Germany, Canada, Australia, Ireland and United Kingdom (Jan‐Werner Müller, 2015).

Presidential System of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

In western or liberal democracy, presidential form of government is using in Indonesia and United States of America.

Semi-presidential System of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

In western or liberal democracy, semi-presidential form of government is using in France or Romania.

Rights and Freedoms in Liberal or Western Democracy

Liberal or western system of democracy, it has various kinds of limitations. Politicians have little freedoms and in majority to follow the rule. It has limitation on their followers or following countries. It helps in controlling promotions, human rights and also have check on hatred or incitement. System also provide free and fair justice in country. For example, the freedom of speech is supported up to some extent for mass murder in society for security. Most political parties have connection or link backed with totalitarianism. Political parties build their image on the base of nationalism. Discrimination is completely prohibited in state and even when majority refuse to work. For example, “Canadian Lesbian and Gay Archives” have fined to protecting right and freedom. As Canadian printer refused to print material related to Canadian Lesbian and fined for $5000 by Human Rights Tribunal. In world, there are some countries that protect the rights of foreign. These legal system holding countries are like as, India, Canada, Israel and also United States of America. These countries save people and provide them double jeopardy for the protection of rights and freedom. As right to have arms for their protection is allowed in America and European countries. Although, for using this right there are strict limitations are applied to become owner of guns) (Khiabany Gholam & Milly Williamson, 2015).

Liberal Democracies Globally

Globally it is found that liberal democracies are present and running routine matters across the world. The world atlas shows that how European countries and states of European Union also following liberal democratic system in country politic. Even far away from Europe Japan, Taiwan, South Korea and India have liberal democratic system. India is the largest democratic population country in world. By and large form global analysis of governance it is found that most western countries are using liberal democratic form of government. As in this form of government, political parties need support of people and strongly relay on election outcome. It is observed that non-democratic form of government like single party system and dictatorship is present on large part of world. The countries that have non-democratic form of government are like as, East Asia, Middle East countries and North African countries (Mark R. Thompson, Dead idea still walking the legacy of the Asian democracy and Asian values debate, 2015).

Types of Liberal Democracies

There are two main type of liberal democracy that are practicing by various countries globally. These systems support their political parties, people welfare and economic development. 

Presidential vs. Parliamentary System of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

Presidential form of government is form of liberal democracy in that president is elected and the other executives elected separately to run the legislative measures. It is purely a public form of system. In this form, president take action on his behalf and it is required to pass these bills form parliament. Most of the time bills presented in parliament is adopted or rejected through “vote of confidence”. In European countries, that are following the presidential form of government include Latin American, Spain, Africa and Northern Europe countries. Parliamentary system of government is supported by European government as it has large number of short comings (Peter Chalk, 2017).

 Proportional vs. Plurality Representation of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

In plurality voting system, the seats are awarded according to their majority in regional areas according to population supporting. Individual candidate receives votes and according to percentage of votes seats awarded locally. This form of democratic system is called as “proportional representation”. In Europe Germany and New Zealand have this form of system but it is also full with conflicts (Khiabany Gholam & Milly Williamson, 2015).

Weaknesses, Issues and Criticism on Liberal Democracy

Liberal or western form of government is weakening, full with issues and due to these reasons have criticism. Today, this is big question for political scholars “Is Liberal Democracy Dead?”. There are various reasons for thinking so as it is going to collapse, dead or going to end (Steve Bruce, 2002).

Limited Voter Turnout of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

The global liberal democracy analysis indicate that people have right to vote and support political parties and their representatives. But on ground surveys or on spot observer’s analysis shows that there is always limited voter turnout in voting areas. Therefore, this shows the will of majority is not in supporting liberal form of democracy and unsatisfied. There is no system for measuring opinion of people for other forms of government (Doctor Thiven Reddy, 2015).

 Bureaucracy of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

In liberal or western democracy, bureaucratic setup is present to support the political leaders. These bureaucratic communities in political form of government have their own role for supporting government officials. As these bureaucratic personalities have technical knowledge of specific fields. Elected people have less command over these technicalities and therefore it is easy for these to make them fool. Therefore, bureaucratic form itself become hatred in many countries (Eatwell Roger & Matthew Goodwin, 2018).

Political In-stability of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

In liberal or western democracy, majority will rule over minority. So therefore, it has become war among political parties to defame and not to support ruling parties. Leg pulling is on top even in political parties. Therefore, this form of system is poor in solving people issues or development. Therefore, majority population in countries thinking about another form of government and leaving behind liberal democratic system of 19^th and 20^th century (Fenton Natalie & Gavan Titley, 2015).

Corruption & Terrorism of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

The death of liberal or western democracy is due to “corruption and terrorism” supporting activities. Globally to remain in politics and become ruler there are corrupt political practices using. Corruption and terrorism supporting elements to prolong their ruling damaging liberal democracy globally.

Economic or Financial Crisis & Human development

It is observed globally that liberal or western democracy is full with economic crisis or financial issues and paying less attention on human development. Therefore, majority population is against their system (Jan‐Werner Müller, 2015).

US Capitalism System is Damaging Liberal Democracy

It is analyzed that US capitalism system support itself damaging liberal democracy system globally. Economic or financial crisis globally shake the confidence on this system or form of government (Khiabany Gholam & Milly Williamson, 2015).

Illustration: How Poland in Europe is Drifting Away from Liberal Democracy

In European Countries, Poland is example which is slowly drifting away from liberal democracy and now changing their political system. Poland is winning majority over economic and corruption issues (Jan‐Werner Müller, 2015).

Conclusion of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

The global political system analysis indicates that liberal or western democracy is facing now challenges. Liberalism is going to collapse or going to end. It is concluded that European countries are facing economic or financial challenges or issues. Therefore, globally it is a strong impression that liberal or western democracy is failed to solve challenges or issues. Liberal democracy is 19^th and 20^th century politic and now in 21^st century it must be changed is a global perception. It is examined that people or human problems or issues less addressed and solved. Therefore, majority even educated people supporting change in liberal democratic political system.

References of Liberal Democracy Dead or in Crisis

Doctor Thiven Reddy. (2015). South Africa, Settler Colonialism and the Failures of Liberal Democracy: Settler Colonialism and the Failures of Liberal Democracy. Zed Books Ltd.

Eatwell Roger & Matthew Goodwin. (2018). National populism: The revolt against liberal democracy. Penguin UK.

Fenton Natalie & Gavan Titley. (2015). Mourning and longing: Media studies learning to let go of liberal democracy. European Journal of Communication 30.5 , 554-570.

Jan‐Werner Müller. (2015). Parsing populism: Who is and who is not a populist these days? Juncture 22.2, 80-89.

Khiabany Gholam & Milly Williamson. (2015). Free speech and the market state: Race, media and democracy in new liberal times. European Journal of Communication 30.5 , 571-586.

Mark R. Thompson. (2015). Dead idea still walking the legacy of the Asian democracy and Asian values debate. Routledge handbook of Southeast Asian democratization, 36-49.

Mark R. Thompson. (2015). Democracy with Asian characteristics. The Journal of Asian Studies 74.4 , 875-887.

Peter Chalk. (2017). The Response to Terrorism as a Threat to Liberal Democracy 1. War on Terrorism Routledge, 83-98.

Steve Bruce. (2002). God is dead: Secularization in the West. Vol. 3. London: Oxford: Blackwell.

Ziya Öniş. (2017). The age of anxiety: the crisis of liberal democracy in a post-hegemonic global order. The International Spectator 52.3 , 18-35.