Abstract of Database Technologies
In today’s era, almost
everything needs to be equipped with latest & the advanced technology. The
more there is need for innovation and advancement the more it requires saving
the data at a secure and safe place. A system that better helps to maintain
records of computer along with the retrieval of data is called database. Databases store, arrange, and process data such that
makes it simple for us to return and discover what we're searching for. Application
programs demand DBMS to recover, adjust/embed/erase information for them and in
this manner it goes about as a layer of deliberation between application
programs and document framework. The examples for data being managed by such
kind of system may include management of the employee’s records, payroll,
management of projects, inventory management, library book’s management as well
as the management of the student’s information etc. For environment of the
database, there are actually five main components. These include data,
hardware, software, people and procedures. The information from database is
obtained by making use of structured query language. NoSQL envelops a wide range of database advancements
that were created because of the requests exhibited in building current
applications:
Key words: Innovation,
database, DBMS, NoSQL
1.Introduction of Database Technologies
Current era is all
about technological advancement and innovations. Almost everything needs to be
equipped with latest & the advanced technology. The more there is need for
innovation and advancement the more it requires saving the data at a secure and
the safe place. It is about making use of the database.
Database: A database is basically a system that
better helps to maintain records of computer along with retrieval of the data.
There exist interrelated records for data which are arranged as a collection.
Database Management System: If we talk about the
DBMS (database management system) then it can be said that it is an assortment of interrelated documents and set of
projects which enables clients to get to and alter records. It gives an advantageous
and productive approach to store, recover and adjust data. Application programs
demand DBMS to recover, adjust/embed/erase information for them and in this
manner it goes about as a layer of deliberation between the application
programs and the document framework. DBMS goes about as a layer of reflection
over the File framework. For interfacing with the DBMS we utilize a Query
language called Structured Query Language (SQL).
If
it the case of the spreadsheets, then they tend to process the numbers. For the
databases, the processing of the data especially the data in an organized form
is mandate.
Spreadsheets
process numbers; databases process data—explicitly, organized data. Databases
can be intended for doing pretty much anything with data i.e., track, compose,
and alter information; gather information as well as making of the reports. It
also helps to work for the establishment of the data rich, powerful sites (careerbless, 2019).
2. The
significance of the database technologies
The
significance of the database technologies is as given:
·
The significance of database management system
is proved based on the fact that it helps in the multitasking along with the
efficient management of the data.
·
By making use of database management systems
both the operational efficiency and the reduction of the costs, associated with
the business processes, can better be attained.
·
There is a possibility that multiple users can
have the access to these systems at once. There is no need to wait for the
completion of the other’s task (manomayasoft, 2019).
Figure:
A distributed Database System
The
examples for such systems may include as given:
The
database management system can be used by the human resource management
department of the company.
It
helps the firm to maintain the records of the employees along with the
provision of the legal & authorized information to the firm’s employees.
Also, the hiring of the employees may use such systems for recording all the
activities related to the hiring procedure. The more accurate the records are
maintained the better it will help to get know how about the firm’s
profitability.
The
provision of the well-organized and smoother environment is possible due to the
database management systems.
Figure:
Database Management System
NoSQL envelops a wide range of database advancements
that were created because of the requests exhibited in building current applications.
Engineers
are working with applications that make enormous volumes of new, quickly
changing information types: organized, semi-organized, unstructured and
polymorphic information.
Since
quite a while ago gone is the twelve-to-multi month cascade advancement cycle.
Presently little groups work in deft runs, repeating rapidly and pushing code
each week or two, some even on different occasions each day (searchdatamanagement, 2019).
Figure:
NoSQL Database
3.1 NoSQL Database
Types & Database Technologies
As
per Microsoft different types of NoSQL are as given:
·
Document databases: This type of NoSQL tends to
provide the pair for every key in the form of more complicated data structure.
There is a possibility to have various key-value pairs for the documents. These
are also termed as nested-documents.
·
Graph stores:
This type helps to store the data related to the data networks. It is
specifically related to the social connectivity. The forms of graph stores
include the Neo4J as well as Giraph.
·
The simple form of NoSQL databases includes the
key-value stores. In the database, the items are stored as the key-value
pairs. The significant examples include
the Berkeley DB as well as Riak etc.
·
For serving the large databases, the optimized
queries are run through the wide-column stores. These may include Cassandra
& HBase etc.
·
As far as the NoSQL database of Amazon is
concerned then DynamoDB is perceived to be the NoSQL which is fully-managed. It
tends to provide with the quick and easy
services which are having the seamless scalability. It is more challenging to
design the data models.
3.2 Benefits of
NoSQL of Database Technologies
·
NoSQL tends to provide with the superior
performance through the scalability.
·
Its data models better help to cater
several structural issues.
·
It helps to deal with the large volumes
of the data
·
Helps for the iterations of the schemas
quickly
·
Makes the use of the object oriented
programming in a better way (greymatterindia, 2019).
When we talk about
NoSQL, then following parameters need to be considered:
·
Dynamic Schemas
·
Auto-Sharding
·
Integrated Caching
·
Replication
Dynamic Schemas: For the relational databases there is a
need to have the well-defined schemas before the data addition. An example may
include the maintenance of the records related to the customers like their
first name, last name, contact number, city, and address etc. For the SQL
database, it is mandatory to know in advance what you are going to store to the
database.
For NoSQL databases, there
is no need to have idea in advance about the schema of the data to be inserted.
The main agenda behind it is to avoid service interruptions along with making real-time
changes to the applications.
It better helps to provide
with the faster development. The integration of the code becomes easier. The
time required for the administration of the database also reduces. If it is the
case of more sophisticated NoSQL databases, then the validation rules are
applied within the database. It tends to make possible the governance across
the data as well as the database.
Auto-Sharding: The phenomenon of auto-sharding can better be used
in the context of NoSQL databases. It means that NoSQL has the capability for
spreading the data automatically & natively to the multiple number of
servers. The concept that lies behind says that application has nothing to do
with the formation of the pool of the servers at multiple places. Both the
queries and the data are well maintained across the servers. In case any of the
servers go down, no application tends to face any kind of disruption.
Integrated Caching: It is perceived to be the most significant
functionality of the NoSQL databases. This feature helps to keep the
most-frequently used data into the memory of the system to the maximum possible
extent of time frame. It thus eliminates the need to maintain a separate layer
for the caching purposes. NoSQL also provides with the in-memory layer to
better support the management of the database.
Replication: In order to provide the services for the
provision of the automatic replication of the database, NoSQL is a better
suggestion. It is required specially when it is the time of outages or the
events for the maintenance are better planned. This feature provides the NoSQL
with the ability to spread the database not only in the local regions but also
in the multiple geographical areas. It is actually the concept of the
localization of the data.
References of Database
Technologies
careerbless. (2019). Introduction to database management
system. Retrieved from https://www.careerbless.com/db/rdbms/c1/intdbms.php
greymatterindia. (2019). Importance of NoSQL over
relational databases. Retrieved from
https://www.greymatterindia.com/importance-of-nosql-over-relational-databases
manomayasoft. (2019). What is the importance of a database
management system. Retrieved from
https://www.manomayasoft.com/blog/item/210-what-is-the-importance-of-a-database-management-system
searchdatamanagement. (2019). NoSQL (Not Only SQL
Database). Retrieved from https://searchdatamanagement.techtarget.com/definition/NoSQL-Not-Only-SQL