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Report on Operation Management of Almarai Food Company Saudi Arabia

Category: Business & Management Paper Type: Report Writing Reference: APA Words: 5600

Introduction of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

Business practices are going to be more efficient and productive with the introduction of globalization. It is because globalization is a revolutionized strategy that has introduced new, innovative, and efficient strategies, processes, advanced technology, and procedures. With the collaboration of globalization and efficient skills of management is increased the business practices more productive and good that are generated large revenue with a high-profit rate.

Operation management is also an important department of an organization that is responsible for the production of high level of products. The nature of operation management is multidisciplinary that is needed to manage from the services, expertise and competitive individual. The main purpose of this department is to convert the material into goods that will generate high revenue through attract a large number of customers (Bracciotti, 2017). Operation management is responsible for the production of goods and services with high quality through systematic processes like planning, coordination, implementation, monitoring, and evaluating all the processes and procedures that are involved to produce the good quality of products. However, in this study, the operational management of Almarai is discussed which is the dairy food industry established in Saudi Arabia. In this study, all functions, activities related to products and services, current activities of operation management are also described.

 Background of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

Almarai is the largest food and dairy company and the company has provided its special services in dairy products. The company was established in 1977, and headquarter is located in Saudi Arabia. The meaning of Almarai in Arabic is ‘Green Pasture’. The chairman of Almarai company is Sultan Al Kabeer. In 2005, the Almarai company has a partnership with the Agrifoods of Irish company Alastair Mc Guckian and then introduced the large plant of cheese.  Moreover, in 2007, the company was established its bakery products, and for the bakery products separate place is required that was started for construction in Al Kharj. Almarai company has a large share in the market as providing bakery, dairy products along with juices (Tatoglu & Ekrem, 2016).

The operational activities of Almarai were efficient enough as the company has achieved awards, as in 2009, the company has achieved HADCO. In addition, after achieving the awards, the company has started to launch a poultry farm that is Alyoum. During 2009, the company had also made a partnership with PepsiCo. Therefore, with all these, the companies also made a partnership with juice companies along with those dairy markets that were performing at an international level. The revenue that is generated in the last year was 13.7 billion.

Size

Almarai Company is operating and managing a large number of employees and farms. In this, the number of employees is increased from 5,638 to 38,300 for last 11 years. Additionally, the total number of farms of this company is five with a large number of dairy cows that are 25,000 and the number of replacement heifers is ranging from 14,000-15,000. From these dairy cows, 1-billion-liter fresh milk is produced (Walse, 2016).  

Business type

The company is located in Saudi Arabia and the type of business is conglomerate and the company is listed on the stock exchange of Tadawul. The services of this company id to providing dairy, bakery, juice products. Simply it is a food processing company that is producing a variety of products.

Areas of operations

At Almarai company, five different operational areas are operating efficiently and providing a competitive edge to the company. Hence, the operational areas are flexibility, quality, speed, dependability, and cost as well.

Competitors 

Almarai is the largest dairy food company in Saudi Arabia, and hence there are different competitors of the Almarai company. These competitors are:    

NADEC

SADAFCO

Al Rawabi

Al-Ain Farms

Baladna

Al Safi Danone

Operation Management Actives within the Almarai

Operation management in Almarai is efficient because the company is performing excellently with the collaboration of all departments equally. Different departments are incorporated in an efficient way, then double the performance of Almarai company such as:

Performance of Different Areas of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

Different operational areas are used at Almarai company to maintain the growth and productivity in a sustainable way. Therefore, the operational areas are flexibility, cost, dependability, quality, and speed to gain a competitive edge among the business market. The company is using different equipment while operating, such as the design of supply chain, management of quality, capacity building to manage different tasks and inventory management as well.

Supply chain management of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

Products are moved from one stage to another by the network of supply chain management. The services of customers are also improved by the proper supply chain management. Therefore, at Almarai, the customer services are improved as the products are delivered to customers on time. Moreover, the Supply chain management of products is also efficient at Almarai that maintains the quality and monitoring of products at each level. However, Almarai is an imported animal feed 1.5 million tons around the world. Therefore, the company is performing according to the international standards, and in this dairy and poultry products are the best quality products (Copacino & William, 2019).

Capacity Building of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

It is helpful for the business as it is efficient to forecast the average budget of the company on time so that the objectives of the business can be obtained and operational activities are done within the budget. However, at Almarai capacity is built asset the price of the products on the basis of the allocated budget. It is efficient as it is forecast the needs of the future that will generate the production rate of the company. Moreover, the cost structure of products also monitored by building capacity (Hassen, Ben, & Bilali., 2019).

Logistic department of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

At Almarai, transportation of products is delivered on a large scale, and in this regard, the logistic department of Almarai is larger among all Middle East countries. Therefore, for the transportation of products, more than 1000 trucks and cold trailers are also in 1400. However, the logistic and transportation operations ensure that delivery of products will be completed on time. The number of employees in this department is more than 2000 that is performing excellently in different aspects like maintenance, warehouse and the efficient system of transportation (Singh, Ajay, & Hagahmoodi., 2017). The logistic and transportation department of Almarai ensured the implementation of road safety, delivery of products on time with fresh products where the temperature is kept unrivaled.

Human Resource Management of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

The role of human resource management is efficient to improve the productivity and efficiency at Almarai company. It is because the human resource department of Almarai is developing efficient strategies that are motivated the employees and they perform effectively. In this, Almarai’s operational activities, logistics, and transportation, supply chain management of the products and services are managed by the human resource department. The company paperwork by the management of the human resource department is creating issues, and the company is shifting from paper-work to software system to enhance the accuracy of the information and no delay to share the information by the effective designing of human resource management.

Marketing Department of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

Marketing strategy is adopted by the Almarai company that fulfills the requirement of marketing principles as everything is managed like products, placement, promotion, and price of products of the company are properly planned. Therefore, the Almarai company is achieving a competitive edge with effective marketing principles. Hence, at Almarai marketing of the products is proceeded into a systematic way that improves performance and development in a sustainable way (Williams, Robert, & Williams, 2018).

Product/service are generated and delivered to the customer

Almarai is generating good quality products for their customers around the world. There are more than 100,000 customers are attached to this company from the GCC and other countries as well. The core product of Almarai is chocolate and producing a large range of products that are yogurt, dairy products, bakery items, Flavored milk, Cream, dessert, butter, cheese, ghee, and others.

Process of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

Almarai Company is performing excellently as it is used the pure and good raw material for the production of dairy products such as liquid milk, butter, ghee, fresh cream, colostrum, buttermilk, and thick cream as well. All these products are used to improve the quality of dairy products that are then distributed globally. According to the head of manufacturing department of Almarai, the company is using the best quality products to produce dairy products. Hence, the production rate of dairy products is high within the company (Heizer, Jay, Render, & Munson, 2016).

The location of the company is also suitable for obtaining raw material that is essential for the manufacturing of dairy products. Therefore, the location of a company is also the key factor for the success of the Almarai because the city is very populous as the selling rate is high.

Different food safety hazardous programs are also used at the transformation phase of the dairy products. In this, the organization is needed to formulate this food safety hazardous program as it is efficient in reducing the growth of pests during the manufacturing of dairy products. The activities of employees are monitored during the production of products. Additionally, the company is focused on control measures and temperature as well.

The packaging of products is important for the Almarai, and at this stage, the focus is on the sealing, weighing and labeling of products. Finally, in the last phase, the goods are stored in the storage room to avoid the damaging of products.

Distribution Channels of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

The distribution channel that is used by the Almarai company is started with the transportation of raw material from the dairy farm of Almarai and then transfers this raw material to the central processing unit. After that, completion of production of goods, these are shifted from the processing unit to different places where products are selling to the customers. Moreover, it is ensured that the packaging of products is packed at an appropriate temperature depending on the type of products.

Packaging of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

Packaging of the product is an efficient practice that is used to protect the product from the surrounding environment through suitable material. Therefore, efficient material related packaging is used that is efficient for use, handling and attractive for marketing purposes. The purpose of packaging is to develop differentiation among brands and also a preview of the product that is easy for customers.

At Almarai, all products are packed and kept at a proper temperature to maintain the freshness, quality, and nature of the product. Different products of Almarai are transported in different ways according to the nature of the product. For instance, the liquid containing products are kept in a refrigerator while transporting from one place to another. So, that product is not spoiled or wasted (Reid, Dan, & Sanders., 2019). Hence, the packaging of Almarai products is clear and simple that customer easily identifies the company’s product.

In GCC, Almarai transferred the products on a regular basis in more than 40,000 shops. For the safety of products, a special transportation system is designed so that products are not spoiled and remain fresh for a long time. Almarai also transports the products to different supermarkets and different grocery stores. Therefore, the Almarai is generating large revenue as distributing its products at a large level.

Moreover, different distribution channels are used by the Almarai company to promote the products using different mediums. In this, customers are attracted to the Almarai company. These channels are:

Radio

Newspaper

Television

Promotion and Discount Offers

Billboards

Current operations of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

Almarai Organizational Chart Flow

The company is providing a variety of products like bakery items, chocolates, dairy products, and products for an infant under the one umbrella. Therefore, to manage the company in an efficient way organizational structure is developed and assigns all roles and responsibilities among all professionals of the Almarai company. This chart flow of organizational hierarchy is designed all the tasks that are carried out on daily basis. This practice is efficient as records are easily maintained by all the companies. This chart flow is describing the duties and assign duties at every level of the organization as upper to lower level. This organizational structure is defined as the leadership level of the professional of the Almarai company that is defined according to the level, skills, and capabilities of employees. It is an efficient way to motivate the employees as if they are working with dedication then the chances of promotion are available.

The chief executive officer of operational management of Almarai company is Georges P. Schorderet. The deputy officer of this company is Majed Nofal that managed the business division, whereas the head of administration department of Almarai company is Mr. Alfahadi, The officer of human resource department is Fawaz Aljasser is performing excellently to manage all the activities of Almarai company. However, the general manager of bakery department is Abdullah Al Bader that manage all process and procedure related to bakery items within the company. Andrew Mackie is the general manager of the farming department of the Almarai company. Polys Partelides is the officer of chief planning and strategy as managing the strategies where is needed. Chief financial officer of Almarai company is Paul Gay that manage all the financial report, budget and condition as well. Hussam Abdul Qadeer is the marketing officer of Almarai company that develops the marketing strategies within the company. To manage the quality and regulatory services in the company at each level is managed by Richard Salisbury as manager of quality control and regulations.

Technology management and related issues are managed by the manager of technology that is Sjur Fit. Dairy and juice management of the company by the general manager that is Omar Mohammed Saleem. At Almarai company, sales, distribution of the products and logistic related process and procedures by the manager that is Niall Mackay.

With the large number of professionals at Almarai, the company is performing excellently as all the departments are managed by professionals that have competitive and effective skills. Hence, all the professionals have a strong background related to their expertise as performed in previous sectors. Therefore, they managed all activities of Almarai company with their expertise, competitive skills, and capabilities.

Technology of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

Almarai Company has the most advanced systems to manage the operational activities and the development of products at a global level. For the development, the Almarai company is used different and advance technology that improves the operational management at each level of the company.

In this regard, SAP system is used to maintain the performance and efficiency of plant management, Human resource development as improving the practices by computers, and reduced the usage of paperwork at the Human resource department of Almarai. However, the SAP system of Almarai is efficient that reducing the challenges created by the human resource department as special code is developed for each company and records the total sales and the different currency of different countries are used.

Almarai company is also introduced the handheld computer to improve the information system of sales management as providing analytical information regarding the effectiveness of the sales with its level. So, this technology is efficient as the targeted sales are achieved through effective customer services and the growth rate of a company is improving. This practice is efficient, that saves time and effort at the time of transactions (Davis & Bernard, 2018).

Manager of a payment department, Saud Alsubaie explained that a centralized and systematic way is the main reason that reduces the pending payments. Therefore, this system is efficient enough that when a supplier transferred the invoices, then only by enter the purchasing order number, the comparison between agreed and actual prices is developed and there is no difficulty at the time of payment. It is also efficient in reducing the chances of risk and managing the inventory movements in an appropriate way.

To maintain the documentation system at Almarai, Q-Pulse is used to enhance the efficiency of documentation. Therefore, this system is improved the working condition of Almarai in different departments where large data is stored and efficiently used in large companies like in NHS located in the UK. At Almarai company, enabled the Q-Pure system to reduce the usage of different resources like time is conserved and efforts put by the employees for the approval of any project. The risk of losing documents is reduced with this efficient system. This system can manage the data and document within two days irrespective of several days (Jääskelä, Päivikki, Häkkinen, & Rasku-Puttonen., 2017).

At Almarai, different theories are also used with the support of globalization. Therefore, to improve the value chain system of Almarai, the information system is improving the value chain that is processing effectively and satisfies the customers according to their demands. Since the use of multinational flavor in the information system of Almarai.By the use of efficient and advanced technology in different sectors of Almarai is the reason that the country is prospering by each passing day. Therefore, the company is operating outside of Saudi Arabia.

Explanation of Operations Management Activities of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

In the Almarai company, four support and three operational division are established and in the operational division, different stages are involved for the efficient production and distribution of the products. There are three main aspects of operational activities at Almarai that are:

Operations

Farming

Sales

However, these aspects are basically supported by this division that are finance, human resource department, marketing, administration and information, and support. In this, the main strength of Almarai is distribution and food production. The management of each department contains the professionals that are performed under centralized structures. Therefore, the approach adopted by Almarai is an effective combination that depicts the interdependence of the company on these structures.

Sales and Distribution of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

This department is managing the relationship of customers with the company and in this regard, the sales and distribution department of Almarai is assigned to meet the requirements of the customer and develop the products to fulfill the demands of customers.  At Almarai, the distribution of products on the basis of sales or return. The system of distributor is ensuring that rate of sales is maximum and rate of return is decreased.

Operations and Farming of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

Almarai’s farming practices are efficient enough that provide high-quality products related to food and beverage. The company is controlling the process of production that is started from the raw material to the processing unit and then the final product. Therefore, company is ensuring all the processes and procedures because the input of raw material is also high quality that is collected from the dairy farm of the company.

Marketing of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

The marketing strategy of Almarai is a custodian that enables the company to meet the demand of customers as maintaining the value of the company in an efficient way. Therefore, the marketing department of Almarai is performing under the dedicated team that has focused on marketing strategies and principles.

To improve the marketing strategies at Almarai, the following aspects are adopted that updated the growth of the company. These aspects are:

Awareness of Consumers

Choice of Consumers

Offers for Consumers

Development of Marketing

Quality and Consistency

Availability of Product

Expertise and Professionalism

Freshness of Products

Research and Development of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

From the time of establishment to the current scenario, Almarai is continuously growing and expanding its services and variety of products. These new products have new packaging, flavor, and taste that is produced according to the demand of the customers. Hence, the new products of Almarai company are under the research to develop the understanding of needs of customers, validity, and solutions that are cost-effective. A joint effort is done to introduce the new products by all sections of the company, especially by the research and development department.

Information on Finance of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

The company is an established division that is providing information on finance and helps the company in performing activities of production to distribution of the products. In this, the company is established the strategic objectives that are achieved by considering the information of financial, non-financial activities and quality of the products that are maintaining through using useful information of raw material.

Information Systems of Business of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

Almarai is committed that all the information related to quality is proceeding under the centralized system of flow of information and by the function of the information system of the business of the company. In this, the company is adopted efficient practices that increase the productivity, development, and growth of the company in a sustainable way. Similarly, in 2002, the company is introducing SAP that is acclaimed internationally and maintains human resource practice. However, the SAP is considered as the backbone of logistics and finance system of the company. So, this type of system is developed the control system among all sectors and divisions of the Almarai company.

Administration and Human Resources of operation management of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia

According to the perspective of the company, human resource department is considered as the main sector and acts as the backbone of the company. It is because this department is performing multi-tasks and managed the diversified workforce at Almarai through efficient performance and designing strategies. Therefore, the role of human resource department is to identify the need for change within the company and adopted new strategies such as SAP. Moreover, the capabilities of employees then assign tasks according to capabilities that are effective in achieving the objectives of the organization. The other technologies like Q-Pulse system, handheld computers for quick transactions are adopted by the human resource department. On the other hand, the administration department of a company is performing with the collaboration of regulatory authorities of Almarai that are managing all the regulatory matters of GCC in which permission, visa, and license along with managing the rights of property (Noe & Raymond, 2017)

Design of goods/services of Almarai food company Saudi Arabia of operation management

The design of goods and services at Almarai company is unique due to which the company has achieved unique position among all food and beverage companies in Saudi Arabia. For the production of dairy products, the raw material is obtained from the farm of company like liquid and powder milk, cream for thickness, and different flavor of mil that is produced by the raw material produced by the flocks at the dairy farm of Almarai. The taste of all flavored milk is delicious and attracts the customers to these flavored milk around the world.

Managing quality of almarai food company saudi arabia

To maintain the quality of products is the mission of company since the company was established. The quality is not only maintained in their products but also in activities and other assets of the company. The commitment of company to maintain the quality is implemented because the company is adopted system of quality assurance along with ISO certification that maintains the quality at each level of the company. Although it is difficult for the company to practice this quality practice in all the operational sectors the company has minimized this challenge. This challenging condition is overcome by implementing quality in all sectors of the company on regular basis. According to a report, it is stated that among all the middle east countries, only Almarai company is obtained the certification for the quality under the ISO9002 quality system.

The ISO system is updated with the passage of time during 2003 and it is observed that only Almarai is that company that has achieved the certification for all operational divisions of the company like in r4serach and development, dairy farm, generation of products, distribution, marketing, and sales. So, quality is the backbone of the company in relation to achieving the success that is implemented among all sectors of the company. Therefore, all the manufacturing processes are done under the practices that considered the quality and then quality audits are done on regular basis to maintain quality as an important part.

Locations strategies of almarai food company saudi arabia

Almarai company is preferred to start their stores at those places where flow of public is more as compared to other places. The company is used location strategy to improve the operational activities as well as marketing of the company. The company is located in Riyadh where access to raw material is easy and convenient. Moreover, the company’s stores are located in places where a large number of customers have easy access to purchase the products. Moreover, the distribution of products for those retailer stores where large number of customers attached to the store and maintain the purchasing of the products of Almarai.

Layout strategies of almarai food company saudi arabia

Layout strategies at Almarai are efficient because all operational sectors are maintained. working condition is suitable for all employees as health and safety of employees are considered as an important factor. In this regard, policies are designed according to international standards. All the employees of all operational sectors are saved to reduce the risk at the workplace. Therefore, different programs are started at construction sites, transportation, manufacturing and distribution of the products. The environment is also protected through green strategies as reducing the pollution of the activities. For instance, at the central processing plant, the use of water is reduced by the processes that I controlled through computers.

Supply Chain Inventory Management of almarai food company saudi arabia

The model is vertically integrated by the Almarai in relation to performing a variety of operational activities like manufacturing, marketing, distribution, and the process of dairy farms under the food supply chain model. However, this model is efficiently approved by the company as fresh and high-quality products are available on a daily basis under the required temperature that maintains the quality and freshness of the products (Singh A. , 2017). The Almarai is enabled to control all the supply of food chain through different aspects. Moreover, the company has established its position as a cost-efficient producer of dairy products, food, beverages, and bakery items. However, the company is providing dairy products and has a focus on quality standards as well. Therefore, some products are available on daily basis, some products are weekly basis, and some products are available on monthly basis. In this, the supply of milk yield is based on the demand for milk in market and the timings of calving that would not be exceeding from eleven months. So, the products that are required on daily basis are high quality and standards that maintained the quality under ambient temperature.

Scheduling of almarai food company saudi arabia

Almarai is the largest dairy and food processing corporation in the Middle East. Almarai is a major organization and it performs its various operations, including production, delivery and inventory management in accordance with latest techniques available. The organization uses latest technology solutions for planning & scheduling operations of the organization. In recent years the corporation has implemented Manufacturing Executive System (MES), which is provided by AVEVA Corporation. With the help of MES the corporation can schedule its manufacturing more efficiently. With MES the overall performance and efficiency of the organization have increased significantly. The organization has implemented this system over 100 packaging lines.

With the help of technological solutions, the company know can perform scheduling of its operations far better than before. Scheduling plays important role in meeting the needs of the customers. If the organization has not scheduled its manufacturing properly than the shortage of products can occur in the market due to which the sales of the company will experience decline. Furthermore the reputation of the company also experiences decline which will result in lower profitability. Scheduling is also important in inventory management perspective and for the distribution of the products. It is important that the company should schedule its distribution after analyzing the demand for its products.

The corporation has not only automated its manufacturing operations but also automated its HR processes as well. Almarai organization uses SAP software for managing and scheduling HR activities. Before the implementation of SAP the organization performs its HR activities manually. Too much paperwork results in inaccurate information, excessive delays, and inefficiencies. With the help of SAP the corporation becomes able to schedule its HR tasks more efficiently. Not only the issue of excessive delay has been resolved but also SAP has reduced the HR department cost up to lot of extents. In Short with SAP the scheduling activities of the organization improves.

If the above discussion is kept in mind then it can be said that organization pays special focus on scheduling. Without scheduling the corporation might unable to deliver its services. The organization schedule the demand of the customers with the help of technology and then produce the products so that the demand of the customers can be fulfilled. Scheduling helps the company to maintain a balance in demand and the product it produces. Almarai company is also introduced the handheld computer to improve the information system of sales management as providing analytical information regarding the effectiveness of the sales with its level. At Almarai Company, enabled the Q-Pure system for scheduling the usage of different resources like time is conserved and efforts put by the employees for the approval of any project.

At Almarai, scheduling is performed by keeping the concept of globalization in mind. Therefore, to improve the value chain system of Almarai, the information system is improving the value chain that is processing effectively and satisfies the customers according to their demands.

Conclusion of OPERATION MANAGEMENT of almarai food company saudi arabia

It is concluded that the Almarai is performing excellently among all GCC due to its efficient practices of operational management. The company has achieved a competitive edge due to producing quality-based products like chocolates, bakery, cheese, milk and etc. Capacity building is an efficient practice that enhances the quality of services and products and generates a high-profit rate. The company has focused on the short-term objectives that should be changed for sustainable development. Almarai is performing excellently due to the good will power of both employer and employees that are managing all activities in a responsible way. Different strategies are used, and the efficient performance of directors and general managers of Almarai company are developed a sustainable position among all developing countries. Dairy products are generated with the use of quality raw material that produced a high quality of products. Distribution channels are used to deliver the products for the customers on time. The role of strategy is efficient to develop the guidance to the professionals of Almarai and employees as well to perform efficiently. Advanced technology is also used to improve the manufacturing of products. Almarai is performing significantly in Saudi Arabia that empowers the economy of the country through its performance and development with the collaboration of effective operational management. To maintain the quality of products is the mission of company since the company was established. The quality is not only maintained in their products but also in activities and other assets of the company. The commitment of company to maintain the quality is implemented because the company is adopted system of quality assurance along with ISO certification that maintains the quality at each level of the company. Although it is difficult for the company to practice this quality practice in all the operational sectors the company has minimized this challenge.

References of OPERATION MANAGEMENT of almarai food company saudi arabia

Bracciotti, M. (2017). OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT STUDY. Retrieved 2019, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318858943_OPERATIONAL_MANAGEMENT_STUDY

Copacino, & William. (2019). Supply chain management: The basics and beyond. Routledge.

Davis, & Bernard. (2018). Food and beverage management. Routledge.

Hassen, Ben, T., & Bilali., H. E. (2019). Food Security in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: Challenges and Prospects. JFS, 5, 159-169.

Heizer, Jay, Render, B., & Munson, C. (2016). Operations management. Australia Pty Limited: Pearson .

Jääskelä, Päivikki, Häkkinen, P., & Rasku-Puttonen., H. (2017). Teacher beliefs regarding learning, pedagogy, and the use of technology in higher education. JRTE, 198-211.

Noe, & Raymond. (2017). Human resource management: Gaining a competitive advantage. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

Reid, Dan, & Sanders., N. (2019). Operations management: an integrated approach. John Wiley & Sons.

Singh, A. (2017). Performance Measurement of Almarai Products and Customer Satisfaction. IJMS, 4, 1-12.

Singh, Ajay, & Hagahmoodi. (2017). Performance Measurement of Almarai Products and Customer Satisfaction. IJMS, 4, 1-12.

Tatoglu, & Ekrem. (2016). How do supply chain management and information systems practices influence operational performance? Evidence from emerging country SMEs. IJLRA, 3, 181-199.

Walse. (2016). Business applications of information technology in the dairy industry. IJCSIT, 5, 2281-2286.

Williams, Robert, & Williams, H. (2018). The Marketing Differentiation Process." Vintage Marketing Differentiation. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

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