Table of Contents

M1. Introduction. 2

Background. 2

Structure of Chapter 4

M2. Similar Work. 4

Auto attendance using face recognition. 4

Attendance management using Facial recognition. 6

Biometric-based Attendance system.. 6

Smart technique parallelism for attendance system, to recognize the face. 7

By GSM Notification face recognition attendance system.. 9

M3. Literature Review.. 10

M4. Feasibility Analysis. 13

Explain feasibility analysis. 13

Type of feasibility analysis. 13

Economical analysis. 13

Technical analysis. 14

Performance analysis. 14

Efficiency analysis

Chapter 2: Literature Review and Feasibility Analysisof Facial recognition attendance system

M1. Introduction of Facial recognition attendance system

Above the past decades, the process of student attendance has been changed and developed. Where the development has the driven forces that desire to facilitate, automate, efforts, save time and speed up. The facial recognition would allow faster attendance because the staff does not have to wait to manually input anything. Attendance records will be kept digitally so there is no need for paperwork or hardcopy when recording attendance. System of the facial attendance is around us everywhere; some Schools and universities are still used the traditional methods to record student attendance. Danat Al Maref Private School used the facial recognition technology for attendance by the digital camera, which also detects as well as recognizes faces (Dandavate, 2018).

Background of Facial recognition attendance system

In the different lectures, there is a great number of students and it is very difficult to keep tracking as well as taking their absences. In the different institutions, facial recognition is used to take the attendance of the great number of students. In this process, there are different errors occurred involving the self-recognition as well as misidentification. So, the instructor could control the errors and correct it.  The face recognition is the method that rises form that moment where the machine is started to become more intelligent and it also has the advance to correct and fill the lace of human senses as well as abilities. There are common used for facial recognition which also clarifies the various points;

·         Facial recognition recognizes the people based on their nose, eye and face.

·         Games

·         Searching for the lost people

·         Taking attendance of employee and students

There are different factors that recognize the process of face recognition like the pose, shape, occlusion, as well as size along with the illumination. There are two different application of facial recognition;

·         Advance

·         Basic

By using the advanced facial recognition system, it is mange the question for the specific detail, like it contains the landmarks such as wildness of eyes, the height of cheekbone, separation among eyes and also creates the numerical codes. By using these numerical codes, the systems match the one image with the other images as well as also distinguish in what way the comparable pictures are each other. For face recognition, the provenance of images involves the pre-existing pictures from the different databases along with the video camera signal (Dass & al, 2012). There are the following phase includes in facial recognition like the face extraction, and face detections. In the below figure the face recognition is shown;

Figure: Structure of face recognition

Structure of Chapter

M1. Discuss the background of the “facial recognition attendance system.”

M2. Discuss a similar application

M3. Literature review

M4 Feasibility analysis

M2. Similar Work of Facial recognition attendance system

This section highlighted some similar work that was developed to recognize the faces as well as also takedown the attendance of each system.

Auto attendance using face recognition

The important application of face reorganization is image processing, which owing to use it in different fields. In an organization, the identification of the individuals for the attendance purpose which is an important application for face recognition. Monitoring, as well as maintenance for the attendance records, plays a significant role in the performance analysis of the different institutions. Developing the management system for attendance, which is computerized the traditional method to take attendance. Thus automated management for the attendance systems always performs the various activities for the attendance of marking analysis by reduction of the human interventions. Whereas the methodologies as well as prevalent techniques for recognizing and detecting the face, fails the overcome for the different issues like the variations, pose rotations as well as occlusions. The automatic attendance system also integrates different things like the color features, color images, image contrast as well as cascading of the classifiers for the detection of features. By use of a large number of features, this system provides increased accuracy. By using the K-nearest neighbor algorithm and the Euclidean distance, the face is recognized (CHAITANYA P & al, 2018). There is the various face recognition system which is based on the algorithm of face recognition to complete the functional task. In below flowchart which presented the diagram of a framework for face recognition;

Figure: Face Detection and Recognition Flow Diagram

Source: (Jam, 2018)

In the above flowchart, the face detection is the detector of the face, which will detect any face in the given image by using the input video. Whereas the face alignment is a system that also determines the face and aligns the landmark like the eyes, chin and nose (Jam, 2018).

  Attendance management using Facial recognition

The management of the ledgers is a great tedious task, which is maintained by the automated systems and it is also recorded the attendance system like the manual. To develop the automatics attendances management system which is computerized standard methods and it is also taking the attendances. Then the present techniques, along with the methodologies which recognize as well as to detect the faces; thus, it fails to overcome the primal issues like the occlusions, illuminations, rotation and scaling. By using the facial recognitions, which automates the process and it also did the headcounts that increase the reliability as well as efficiency improved. Like the tabs, which could also keep on every student at all times, the security is an increase (Bharadwaj & al, 2019).

Figure: Activity diagram flow

Source:  (Bharadwaj & al, 2019).

Biometric-based Attendance system  

In this application, the implementation, as well as the development of the biometric-based attendances systems, is presented. By making the call, the user accesses the system from the various pre-decided mobile phones. The system of interactive voice response, which guides the new user in the enrollments as well as the enrolled user in the process of verifications by the vectorsbased, and MFCCC (“Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients”) features. The interactive voice response of systems helps a user to interact by a system as well as to mark her attendance. In the below figure it presented the illustrations of the biometric-based attendance systems. The biometric person authentications, which are the task of changing the identity of persons by using the characteristic of humans of traits which also restrict the access for the intended services. Normally the face, image, or video or the fingerprints are being used for the biometric applications. The authentication of the persons is using biometric, which is commonly known as the “Speaker verification.” Whereas in the recent research of “Speaker verification,” motivation is to use as biometrics for the using of the practical person authentication systems. Thus the attendance systems by the reasonable reliability are here (Dey & al, 2014).

Figure: Biometric based attendance system

Source: (Dey & al, 2014)

Smart technique parallelism for attendance system, to recognize the face

With the help of image processing techniques, the major part of person recognition is to detection their faces. In this application, the spontaneous presence in the classroom for the students is represented. First of all, image has been in use, and then after that , the image kept in the data stores, where the image is stored in the database and also applied on the algorithm of system, that also involves the step like classifications, histogram , face detection, noise removal as well as the methods of face recognition. Then by using this step, detect and compare the face with the database.  

Figure:  flowchart algorithm

Source: (Prabhavathi & al, 2017)

The algorithm has been divided for the subdivided of the process of the system, and there are the subsequent stages that are compromised for the algorithm of systems (Prabhavathi & al, 2017).

·         Noise filtering

·         Histogram Normalization

·         Monitoring attendance

·         Classification of skin

·         Face identification

·         Image Acquisition

·         Face tracking

By GSM Notification face recognition attendance system

In this application, to implement the face recognition attendance system, which also added the novelty of relaying the outcome of attendance taken by the cellular network that is also designed for mobile devices? This gives the peaks in what way the variations of lightning, angel effects, and facial expressions have the accuracy for the designed as well as implements the attendance system for face recognition. There are the light variation is present for the facial expression, which is also resistant the face recognition for the attendance system by the cellular network where the information is relay emerged After capturing a face, a web client interface first requests a web server to process a nature of image and then it is transferred to the system controller for frame by frame processing and database matching. The system which is offers the advance security in the program of cars where the system was to enable by the customized password as well as a program of face recognition by the GSM (Global system for mobile) along with the control applications (Okokpujie & al, 2017)

M3. Literature Review  of Facial recognition attendance system

Author R et al. (2019) discuss the “face recognition based attendance system.” The technology aims to impart the tremendous knowledge that is also oriented by technical innovations in the present day. The attendance system for the students could also maintain by the two different methods;

Manual attendance system

Automated attendance system

By using the face recognition, the automated attended system proposes that system which is based on the recognition algorithm, as well as face detection that is also used to detect automatically the student face when he/she enters the class plus the system, should have the capability to mark the attendance by the recognition. In this article, the authors describe the two ideas of the technologies named Feeback and the attendance of the system, and it is also implemented by the machine learning approach. This system also tests the performance of students, which also maintains the records of the students like feedback and attendance on the different subjects like English, Sciences. Thus the attendance of the students could also create the available recognizing details where the recognition of the attendance details regarding the marks is obtained through feedback. This article proposed the system, which takes the attendance automatically by the recognition, and it is also obtained through continuous observations. By continuous observation, which also helps in estimating and improving the performance of attendance. It is obtained through the face images as well as the position of the present students in the classroom, which is captured(R, et al., 2019).

According to the author Jam  (2018), it is conducted about the Student attendance system and the face recognition and detection system. Then in this article, implement the algorithm for the face recognition and detection system in the image processing, which is also building the system for face recognition and detection in the classroom. The front part of the person is the face , which from the forehead to the chin, and it is the corresponding part of an animal . The face recognition could define the methods to identify the individual based, which is based on the biometric through the method of comparing the digitally captured of video as well as an image by the stored records of the persons. In the different early 90s, a large number of algorithms which is also developed through face recognition as well as it also increases the need for face detections. The verification by the one to one matching for the unknown face alongside where the claim has the identity to obtain the face of an individual where the claiming to be one image. Then the identification is the one-to-one matching, which also gives the input of the image for the face to face individuals, and it is also evaluated the identity through the comparison of the image against the database of the image by the known individuals . Whereas the face recognition and detection system is the flow process, which is also started through beings be able to detect a swell as recognize the frontal faces from the input devices , like mobile phones (Jam, 2018). In our society, the face recognition and detection is not new where the capacity of the human along with the mind is to recognize the particular individuals who are remarkable , and it is also amazing for the human mind and it could still persist for the identification of the certain individuals even by the opassage4 of the time , as compared to the little changes in the appearances. A user interface will be a web interface designed using UX design principles as well as will be ensured that the GUI is user-friendly as well as easy to navigate to.

According to the author Lin (2000), it is conducted that , about the “ face recognition technloghy.” the face recognition is great attracting technology in the society where the network of the multimedia access the information . And the areas have different network security, which could also retriveal, Indexing, as well as video compression for the befits of the face recognition. It is due to the people are the center of attention, which also has a lot of videos. the access of networks is controlled by the face recognition which not only creates the hackers virtually and it is impossible to steal the passwords technology of facial recognition which could also u recognition used in the recording of the attendance by the high-resolution digital camera which recognition and detects the faces of the students along with the machine which compares a recognition face by the face images of students in the stored database(Lin, 2000)

M4. Feasibility Analysis
Explain feasibility analysisof Facial recognition attendance system

The processes which are confirming the strategy and design the plan, which is possible to create the sense. Then it could be used to validate the constrains, decisions, assumptions, approaches as well as business cases. There is the following type of feasibility analysis, which is shown below; the analyst does this the feasibility analysis to determine the likelihood of the usability of the face recognition attendance system. Whereas the team of the feasibility must carry the initial architecture, as well as the design of high-risk requirements, were the points that could answer the question like if there are any requirements that pose their risk and it possible create the projects infeasible (Gurumurthy & al, 2012).

Type of feasibility analysisof Facial recognition attendance system

There are different types of feasibility analysis in these projects;

·         Economical analysis

·         Technical analysis

·         Performance analysis

·         Security and control analysis

·         Service analysis

·         Efficiency analysis

Economical analysis of Facial recognition attendance system

The most frequent and evaluating techniques which are used for the effectiveness of the prepared system is the economic analysis .It is also known as the Benefits and cost analysis, which is used to evaluate the savings as well as benefits, which is expected to form the face recognition attendance system and then compare by the costs. The decision is to take the implements system and design the face of the benefits is overweight of the cost. The expected duration of the project is 30 days and will begin in November and end by the end of December. The estimated cost of the project could be 1000 Omani Rials for the camera and development of the software  (Shebani & al, 2015.)

Technical analysis of Facial recognition attendance system

By the specifying software, the technical analysis is concerned, which is also successfully satisfy the requirements of the user. The technical needs of the face recognition and attendance systems have the facility to produce the differed outputs in the more program  has given timers as well as also response the time under certain conditions.  

Performance analysis of Facial recognition attendance system

In the face recognition and attendance systems, the performance analysis is a very important analysis. Because it analyzes the performance of the system for both after and before the proposed system. If form the School and any organization, the analysis proves and satisfy, then the result moved to the next phase of the analysis. There is the invoking in the program when the performance analysis is done, where the bottlenecks bi the problem of the performances like the memory leaks, which also occurred.

Efficiency analysis of Facial recognition attendance system

By the efficiency of the face recognition and attendance systems, this analysis deals with this . By the program, the resources obtained which perform the particular functions, and it is analyzed in these phases. It checks the different stages in what way the efficient projects are on a system as compare to different changes in the systems. Then the face recognition and attendance systems efficiency could be analyzed in the different methods, where the user should not feel any difference in the working method. On the side of  it is also taken into consideration where the projects of the face recognition and attendance systems must last for the longest time (StudsPlanet.com, 2014).

References of Facial recognition attendance system