Report on the important characteristics of a centrifugal pump that are working at constant speed and varying the discharge value.

Abstract of the important characteristics of a centrifugal pump that are working at constant speed and varying the discharge value

In this experiment, there is complete information about the important characteristics of a centrifugal pumps that are working at constant speed and varying the discharge value. This experiment will be done through the help of closed water circuit that contains a centrifugal pump with one motor drive and a transplant water tank.

Aims and objectives the important characteristics of a centrifugal pumps that are working at constant speed and varying the discharge value

The main aim of this experiment is to investigate important characteristics of the centrifugal pumps that are operated at constant speed and varying the discharge value.

Background of the study the important characteristics of a centrifugal pumps that are working at constant speed and varying the discharge value

It can be noted that centrifugal pumps are also known as work absorbing turbomachines. They are mostly used for transporting fluids from one end to another. The centrifugal force is generated by the rotation of the pump impeller. Moreover, such forces are used for delivering water.

Description of apparatus the important characteristics of a centrifugal pumps that are working at constant speed and varying the discharge value

The main apparatus for this experiment is given below

·         A complete closed water circuit that contain centrifugal pump with a drive motor connected with it and transplant water tank.

·         Variable speed is given through frequency converter

·         For observing the pump impeller there is need of a transparent housing

·         The pressure of inlet and outlet side of the pump is adjusted by valves

·         Required sensors for reading inlet and outlet temperature, pressure and flowrate

·         GUNT software with required control functions

Methodology the important characteristics of a centrifugal pumps that are working at constant speed and varying the discharge value

The whole circuit diagram is given by this

·         In the first step there is need to bleed the pump demonstrator.

·         Now after this open the valve V2 completely

·         Leave the pump for receiving the required speed in RPM

·         Now after this, just record the measuring values of the suction pressure P1 and pump outlet pressure P2, the hydraulic power  volume flow Q, the electrical power, and efficiency

·         Now gradually close the valve V2 for decreasing volume and then take measurement of the required point.

·         Now repeat the last step until the flor rate is controlled properly

Data, results graphs the important characteristics of a centrifugal pumps that are working at constant speed and varying the discharge value

TEST RESULTS the important characteristics of a centrifugal pumps that are working at constant speed and varying the discharge value

MODEL CALCULATIONS

Maximum efficiency the important characteristics of a centrifugal pumps that are working at constant speed and varying the discharge value

99.6547

Discharge according to maximum efficiency

0.35059

Input power according to maximum efficiency

207.19

Head according to maximum efficiency

6004.08163

Graphs

Volume flow rate (Q) Vs manometric Head (H)

Volume flow rate (Q) Vs Hydraulic power (P_hy)

Volume flow rate (Q) Vs Electrical Power (P_el)

Volume flow rate (Q) Vs Efficiency (h)

Interpretation and discussion of results, including errors and how to minimize them

From all the graphs, it can be seen that there is quite low effect of discharge of the pump on the efficiency, hydraulic power, electrical power and also monomeric head of the pump. Moreover, the next thing is that there is just a few value change in the discharge of the pump and the centrifugal pump efficiency is increased a lot. As it can be seen from the model calculation table and test results table. There is little bit change in the value of the discharge pump and its efficiency is almost approaches to 100 percent. This is a huge point for the pump and its discharge value. Moreover, the efficiency is gradually increases as the value of discharge pump is increasing.

Conclusion the important characteristics of a centrifugal pumps that are working at constant speed and varying the discharge value

Summing up all the discussion from above, it is concluded that this experiment is discussing important characteristics of centrifugal pump. As it can be seen from the model calculation table and test results table. There is little bit change in the value of the discharge pump and its efficiency is almost approaches to 100 percent. In centrifugal pump, discharge of the pump and monomeric head is extremely important characteristics.

Experiment 2

Abstract

In this experiment, there is proper information about the performance of the centrifugal pump. This can be done through varying the impeller size and its speed in a proper way. This is because many pumps are operated at different speeds. A proper experiment is performed for checking the effect if speed and impeller size of the centrifugal pump.

Aims and objectives of the centrifugal pumps through the help of varying the speed and impeller size of the pump

The main aim of this experiment is to analyse the performance of the centrifugal pumps through the help of varying the speed and impeller size of the pump.

Background of the centrifugal pumps through the help of varying the speed and impeller size of the pump

It can be noted that there are many centrifugal pumps that can be operated easily at different speeds for obtaining different capacities. Moreover, another thing is that different size of pump casing can easily accommodate impeller of different diameters in an efficient way. The next thing is that it is extremely important to understand the manner in which power, head, and capacity when there is change in the speed of the pump. All of these relations are named as affinity laws and are given below. The symbol N is referring to the rotational speed of the impeller and it is given in revolutions per minutes. Now according the varying speed there are some parameters and they are given by

Description of apparatus of the centrifugal pumps through the help of varying the speed and impeller size of the pump

The main apparatus for this experiment is given below

·         A complete closed water circuit that contain centrifugal pump with a drive motor connected with it and transplant water tank.

·         Variable speed is given through frequency converter

·         For observing the pump impeller there is need of a transparent housing

·         The pressure of inlet and outlet side of the pump is adjusted by valves

·         Required sensors for reading inlet and outlet temperature, pressure and flowrate

·         GUNT software with required control functions

Methodology of the centrifugal pumps through the help of varying the speed and impeller size of the pump

·         Set the apparatus according to the given information

·         Follow all regular steps from the experiment 1

·         Now change the value of discharge of the pump and impeller size

·         Now record the values in the given table and analyse the results

Data, results and graphs of the centrifugal pumps through the help of varying the speed and impeller size of the pump

TEST RESULTS

Use the same test result obtained in experiment 1 for fully opened valve

Choose 4 different rotational speed

Choose four different impeller diameters

Interpretation and discussion of results of the centrifugal pumps through the help of varying the speed and impeller size of the pump

According to the given theory it can be noted that the capacity of the impeller is completely directly proportional to the speed of the pump. Moreover, head of the pump is directly proportional to the square of the speed of the pump. It is also same for the diameters of the impeller also. From the results it can be noted that as the rotational speed of the pump increased its capacity is also increased with it.

Conclusion of the centrifugal pumps through the help of varying the speed and impeller size of the pump

Summing up all the discussion from above, it is concluded that centrifugal pumps also contains varying speed and impeller diameters. Moreover, another thing is that different size of pump casing can easily accommodate impeller of different diameters in an efficient way. From the results it can be noted that as the rotational speed of the pump increased its capacity is also increased with it. It shows that the performance of the centrifugal pumps is dependent on the rotational speed and also the impeller diameter of the pump.

Experiment 3

Abstract

In this experiment, there is complete information about the performance of centrifugal pumps in series and parallel. This experiment will deal with information related to these pumps and how their behaviour is changed when they are operated parallel or in series. It will also show how the performance of such pumps is effected through such modifications

Aims and objectives

The main aim of this experiment is to analyse the performance of the centrifugal pumps when they are connected in series and parallel.

Background

According to the given information about the pumps, it shows that a single pumps is not enough for producing such performance according to requirement. If these pumps are combined then due to this performance is increased of the pump system.

Series connection of pumps

This shows that if the system pressure head is extremely high for the pump then multistage pump is used. In this several pumps are attached in series. Now the fact is that if two pumps are connected with each other in series in a pipeline then new characteristic curve is obtained. This can be done by adding the pressure head of the different pumps for certain flow rate. But the main thing is that flow rate of the pump is completely same. This shows that the total pressure of the two pumps is given by

But the flow rate of these pumps are completely same

Pumps attached in parallel

It can be noted that when these two pumps are operated in parallel then the total head of these pumps will be completely same. On the other hand, its flow rate is increased. Moreover, its head capacity curve is obtained through adding the flow rates of the single pump curve at the same time. The flow rate of the pump is achieved by adding them together

On the other hand, total head value is completely same

Description of apparatus

The main apparatus for this experiment is given below

·         A complete closed water circuit that contain centrifugal pump with a drive motor connected with it and transplant water tank.

·         Variable speed is given through frequency converter

·         For observing the pump impeller there is need of a transparent housing

·         The pressure of inlet and outlet side of the pump is adjusted by valves

·         Required sensors for reading inlet and outlet temperature, pressure and flowrate

·         GUNT software with required control functions

Methodology

·         Repeat all steps from the first experiment

·         Now attach the pumps in series and check its performance

·         Record the reading of head and flow of the pumps connected in series

·         Now attach the pumps in parallel and check its performance

·         Record the reading of head and flow of the pumps connected in parallel

Data, results and graphs

Two pumps are connected in parallel

Head of second pump is 1085.71429

Pumps connected in parallel

Graphs

Interpretation and discussion of results

From the above graph it is concluded that there is no change in the value of flow rate of the pumps when they are connected in series. On the other hand, it can be noted that there is also no change in the head when the pumps are connected in parallel. For analysing, the head for second pump is selected as 1085.72. The next thing is that for parallel pump flow rate of second pump is given by 0.435.

Conclusion

Summing up all the discussion from above, it is concluded that this experiment discusses series and parallel performance of the centrifugal pumps. For analysing, the head for second pump is selected as 1085.72. The next thing is that for parallel pump flow rate of second pump is given by 0.435. The graphs are presented and shows the proper results that there is no change in the flow rate when they are attached in series and also there is no change in the head when they are connected in parallel.

Experiment 4

Abstract

In this experiment, there is complete information about the operating points of the centrifugal pumps. It can be noted that there are about three important characteristics of the pump are flow rate, head and its efficiency. This experiment will cover these points properly.

Aims and objectives

The main aim of this experiment is to analyse the operating points of the centrifugal pumps.

Background

it can be noted that the characteristic curve of the pump is only plotted through the test results. Moreover, this shows that if a pump is connected to a water piping system then its system head is given by this

Description of apparatus

The main apparatus for this experiment is given below

·         A complete closed water circuit that contain centrifugal pump with a drive motor connected with it and transplant water tank.

·         Variable speed is given through frequency converter

·         For observing the pump impeller there is need of a transparent housing

·         The pressure of inlet and outlet side of the pump is adjusted by valves

·         Required sensors for reading inlet and outlet temperature, pressure and flowrate

·         GUNT software with required control functions

Methodology

·         Repeat the same procedure for the experiment one

·         Now measure the head and record it

·         Measure the flow rate of the pump and record it

·         Check the efficiency of the pump

·         Calculate the system head of the pump and record it.

Data, results and graphs

 Interpretation and discussion of results

From the above graphs it can be noted that as the efficiency of the pumps is increases in the start as the flow rate is gradually increases but it declines after the certain point. On the other hand, head of the system is exponentially increasing with respect to flow rate of the pump. In the last, the value of head is decreases as the flow rate is increased. This shows that flow rate and head of the pump is showing inverse relationship.

Conclusion of the centrifugal pumps through the help of varying the speed and impeller size of the pump

Summing up all the discussion from above, it is concluded that this experiment is discussing some important characteristics of the pump. As the results are showing such behaviour in the given graphs. The efficiency of the pumps is increases in the start as the flow rate is gradually increases but it declines after the certain point. The head of the system is exponentially increasing with respect to flow rate of the pump. The value of head is decreases as the flow rate is increased.