The legal and ethical principle of In An Acute Environment, Is There Any Advantage Of Having A Procedures Checklist To Improve Patient

            There are different ethical and legal issues associated with health records and patient medical details. In the auditing process, there is a possibility of sharing the patient's health data without acknowledgment of the patient. Sometimes the patient can conceal information because of a lack of confidence in the security of the auditing system. Consequently, the treatment can be compromised and there is a risk of improper treatment due to lack of information and the authentic medical history of the patient.  The health care service providers and policymakers must discuss ethical implications of keeping the record and auditing the patients. Although the auditing and research efficient conditions provide complete support for patient care (Winters, Gurses, Lehmann, Sexton, Rampersad, & Pronovost, 2009). The information clinical interaction is considered confidential information, and it cannot be given to any other unauthorized person. Security breaches also threaten patient privacy. The routine and random audits must be conducted regularly and it must ensure that hospital policy is implemented in all healthcare services and units. The auditing system yield information about information system activity, health information, and different privacy issues.In the ethical, the different processes of analysis must be based upon true mechanism (AgheorghieseiI, Iliescu, Gavrilovici, & Oprea, 2014).

Since the 1990s,the checklist has gained a prominent role in surgical settings because they are used to reduce and eliminate errors in Medical Services to the patients. The checklist has reduced the possibility of operating on the incorrect patient. In previous researches, it is observed that using a checklist has reduced mortality, improved communication, and safety services, and improved the quality of care provided to the patient (Hales, Terblanche, Fowler, & Sibbald, 2008). Besides surgical settings checklists played a significant role in the consistency and quality of sonograph. There are different ethical conditions for the use of a checklist to improve the quality of services. Different approaches to ethics are used to characterize the helpfulness of the checklist. With a variation of the procedure and operation, the ethical issues also change (AgheorghieseiI, Iliescu, Gavrilovici, & Oprea, 2014).Evidence-based practices and checklist are required to provide sensitive information with the potential viewpoint of settings. Under the defined requirement of activities and skills of a checklist in case of the unexpected condition, the consultant can respond competently.  Process-oriented quality is the prime concern of a checklist (Hales, Terblanche, Fowler, & Sibbald, 2008).

For a better and improved checklist, it is important to meet legal and ethical obligations. The common legal and ethical issues related to the checklist are associated with consent pathway and how innovative tools can be used to resolve the issues.  Before completing the consultation checklist, it is important to analyses all the ethical and legal conditions that are fulfilled. Both ethically and legally the medical staff is responsible for providing background information about the operation and services provided to the patient. The information regarding the health of the patient is confidential information that cannot be shared with other persons.  Before providing information about the patient to anyone, it is required to keep the record of requester and contact information of the requester (Winters, Gurses, Lehmann, Sexton, Rampersad, & Pronovost, 2009).

The information about the staff physician in attending the patient will be kept safe, and it will be not shared with anyone. Before having any operation, the legal requirement is to have all the social information of patient search as occupation, spouse, children, relevant family members, socioeconomic status, financial concerns, family dynamics, age, living, situation, and gender. The assessment consists of the capacity of patients in decision making and different identified surrogate decision while making the checklist. The family members of the patient must be notified about the ethical consultation and medical procedures. In case family members are not addressed about the current condition, it is a legal and ethical requirement is to keep the reasons. The belief system of patients can induce an impact on the care; therefore, it is required to be addressed first. Resuscitation status must be notified. Appropriate referrals are recommended for the documentation and follow-up of the case and these referrals consider information regarding psychiatry, social work, chaplaincy, number and Palliative medicine (Kim & Matthews, 2011). Appropriate stakeholders must be updated about ethical involvement and recommendations. The checklist is not used to consider interpersonal dynamics and emotions.  By using the checklist as an educational tool, the consistency and improved quality of services can be analyzed. There are some potential limitations of using a checklist and it can be addressed by using the feedback of the patient. Evidence-based practice and checklist use a wide range of approaches and expertise to be kept in the record (Kim & Matthews, 2011).

Methods of In An Acute Environment, Is There Any Advantage Of Having A Procedures Checklist To Improve Patient

Data collection process and study selection

Primary and secondary research was used in this paper, however, for the primary research there was the use of the data that were collected from surgical admissions (6714 patients) from March 2010 to June 2011 at 5 academic and community hospitals (Hale & McNab, 2015).

Search of In An Acute Environment, Is There Any Advantage Of Having A Procedures Checklist To Improve Patient

However, for the secondary research, there was the search of the article's example the search done on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medicare, NICE, Best Practice, NHS improvement, BMJ.

Results of In An Acute Environment, Is There Any Advantage Of Having A Procedures Checklist To Improve Patient

It has been observed in all of these articles that these all written about the development of the safety checklist. The safety checklist is considered as the best importanttools that are required for measuring the safety of the patients and least 1 of the 3 components was completed in 96.7% of cases; he entire checklist was only completed in 62.1% of cases. The checklist can be utilized as an important tool that can be used in any research.The clinical practice guideline is used to practice and support the change in clinical practice. The mechanism of implementation of the checklist in hospitals is different and it considers adhering with the safety standards of operations in the complex situation.The use of a checklist provides an ideal and beneficial way to comply with all the standards of evidence-based care.The standardized method of checklist ensures all the elements and actions that are required to be addressed (Flicker, Rose, Eves, & Flamm, 2014). The checklist further categories the condition of the patient as normal operations and high-risk operations.The diagnosis phase checklist plays a cognitive role in recognizing the possibility of VAP. Checklist completion did not affect mortality reduction, lowered risk of postoperative complication and was largely noticed when all 3 components of the checklist had been completed (odds ratio1⁄40.57, 95% confidence interval: 0.37–0.87, P<0.01). The monitoring checklist enables to determine the requirement of the patient if it required being continued ICU care, additional respiratory care, and monitoring of oxygen saturation. The change in the unrealistic Healthcare provider behavior is considered in internal auditing. The checklist is the best measure to obtain the safety level of the patients. All of these articles are the best scale set in order to explore the concept of the Checklist for security measures.

Discussion of In An Acute Environment, Is There Any Advantage Of Having A Procedures Checklist To Improve Patient

Evidence-based healthcare practices are provided based on conditions for different medical conditions such as heart failure, asthma, and diabetes. However, the practices are not limited to evidence basis but highly dependent upon the Patient Safety research and checklists. Patient Safety research is mainly focused on data analysis to identify the safety issues faced by the patients. It is also used to demonstrate new practices that can improve the quality and safety of the patient. Implementation of evidence-based safety practices is somehow difficult because it requires a new and complex system of care. If enough search evidence is available, it can improve patient values and clinical expertise that ultimately improve in decision making for health care.Theconceptual framework for health care assessment accelerates the research results and provide efficient Patient Safety (Robbins, 2011).

The model synthesizer concept of scientific information with behavioral change.The steps of evidence-based practices can be viewed from the perspective of research conducting person; it is also used for evidence-based information practices. The first stage of evidence-basedpractice is to create and distill knowledge.  In this stage, the research conducted considers specific practice recommendations. The knowledge distillation process uses such findings and implementation procedures for care delivery. The method depends upon the perspective of end-user and general considerations of traditional knowledge. The second stage is dissemination and diffusion in which Healthcare organizations disseminate different information about the action and potential users. The emphasis on this stage is towards most effective and user segments such as a pharmacist, physicians and nurses (Flicker, Rose, Eves, & Flamm, 2014). The third stage is an end-user adaptation, implications and development. In the final stage, all the knowledge transfer process is carried out that focus on getting information from the patient and keeping all the information as evidence-based research findings for everyday practice. In this stage staining and implementation of evidence-based practices is used to identify interrelationship between Complex topics of Healthcare. These considerations include reduction of medication errors, improvement in the social system, development of operational structures, development of external Healthcare environment, and strategies used by individual clinicians (AgheorghieseiI, Iliescu, Gavrilovici, & Oprea, 2014).

A considerable effortis required to change the practice level for the individuals. The existing evidence is helpful to address the clinical questions from the end-users. Appropriate evidence and knowledge-based information are required for the implementation of evidence-based practices.Arecent review is conducted to identify evidence-based practices that improve patient care (Boyd, Wu, & Stelfox, 2017). The review suggested a review of the responsibilities and roles of health professionalisms.  Changing the role and expanding the role of pharmacists can improve the process of care. Multi-disciplinary teams are working to improve health care services and to reduce chronic diseases. This multidisciplinary team consists of allied health professionals, physicians, and nurses (AgheorghieseiI, Iliescu, Gavrilovici, & Oprea, 2014).

            It is important to understand that checklists are critical for patients and their overall safety & wellbeing because these checklists are helpful in keeping a few things on priority, which are indispensable. It was found by Robbins (2011) through a research study that hospital checklists are critical to making evidence-based care, as well as ensuring the safety of the patients in routine processes followed in a hospital. It was also found that hospitals should develop an environment, which facilitates this kind of practice. In another review research article, Thomassen, Storesund, Søfteland, &Brattebø (2014) tried to analyze the effects of checklists in various kinds of clinical settings. It was found by a systematic review that checklists are critical in any given clinical environment, and it can have positive effects on the safety of patients. Same to this article, another review research study was conducted by Boyd, Wu, &Stelfox (2017) also proved that there is a great need to evaluate the need for safety checklists to be implemented for inpatient healthcare. It means that developing a safety checklist is critical in so many ways. A similar kind of study was conducted by Hale &McNab (2015), which looked for safety checklists during a ward round, and it was again found that if safety checklists are there, then great improvements are seen in different procedures such as documentation related to patients.

Conclusion  of In An Acute Environment, Is There Any Advantage Of Having A Procedures Checklist To Improve Patient

In summary, the whole discussion was about evidence-based practices and how it can be helpful in decision making for patient care and safety. Using a checklist and evidence-based practices in Healthcare depends upon different steps of nonlinear processes and complex actions. Implementation of checklist usage in Healthcare required several weeks, depending upon the nature of practice change. Particularly in complex Healthcare settings use of the evidence-based practice is not likely to work as it is supposed. The whole use of evidence-based practices and checklist in the Healthcare provider induces a positive impact on promoting health services and Patient Safety. Besides the checklist, the evidence-based practices also include feedback and auditing. It is important to consider best practices with enough characteristics for Healthcare delivery and improvement in the services.  Suddenly if a checklist strategy is applied in a Healthcare service provider, it could be reinforced Earth sustained with the change in the system. The use of a checklist improves health care services by providing evidence of the previous history of the patient and has a significant role with specific context variable combinations. To improve evidence-based interventions into practices, several practices and strategies are used.

References of In An Acute Environment, Is There Any Advantage Of Having A Procedures Checklist To Improve Patient

AgheorghieseiI, D.-T., Iliescu, L., Gavrilovici, C., & Oprea, L. (2014). Why is an ethical and integrated audit accreditation process required for Romanian hospitals? South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 17 (03), 01-10.

Boyd, J. M., Wu, G., & Stelfox, H. T. (2017). The Impact of Checklists on Inpatient Safety Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Journal of Hospital Medicine, 12 (8).

Cooper, A. B., Chidwick, P., Cybulski, P., & Sibbald, R. (2015). Checklist to meet Ethical and Legal Obligations in the consent pathway for critically ill patients (helo): A quality improvement project and case studies. Critical care nursing, 01 (03), 15-20.

Flicker, L. S., Rose, S. L., Eves, M. M., & Flamm, A. L. (2014). Developing and Testing a Checklist to Enhance Quality in Ethics Consultation. J Clin Ethics. Author manuscript, 25 (04), 281-290.

Hale, G., & McNab, D. (2015). Developing a ward round checklist to improve patient safety. BMJ Publishing Group Limited.

Hales, B., Terblanche, M., Fowler, R., & Sibbald, W. (2008). Development of medical checklists for improved quality of patient care. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 20 (01), 22-30.

Kim, H. R., & Matthews, R. (2011). Safe Patients, Smart Hospitals: How One Doctor's Checklist Can Help Us Change Health Care from the Inside Out. J Nucl Med., 52 (01), 162-163.

Robbins, J. (2011). Hospital Checklists Transforming Evidence-Based Care and Patient Safety Protocols Into Routine Practice. Crit Care Nurs Q, 34 (02), 142-149.

ROBBINS, J. (2011). Hospital Checklists: Transforming Evidence-Based Care and Patient Safety Protocols Into Routine Practice. Crit Care Nurs Q, 34 (2), 142–149.

Thomassen, Ø., Storesund, A., Søfteland, E., & Brattebø, G. (2014). The effects of safety checklists in medicine: a systematic review. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 58, 5–18.

Winters, B. D., Gurses, A. P., Lehmann, H., Sexton, J. B., Rampersad, C. J., & Pronovost, P. J. (2009). Clinical review: Checklists - translating evidence into practice. Crit Care., 13 (06), 210-215.