Report on Wind speed measurement transducers

Introduction of Wind speed measurement transducers

This report is related to engineering measurements. For that case wind speed measurement transducers are chosen. The main aim of these transducers is to measure the speed of wind in a perfect way. In this report, there is complete information about the working of this transducer with figure and parts. In the next section, there is some discussion about the mathematical model of the transducer that will give information about the working principle of the transducer. Then after this there is some information related to its important characteristics of the transducer. In the last part there is some information about new kind of wind transducers used for measuring speed (VIJAYACHITRA, 2016).

Variable measure by this system

It can be noted that this measuring instrument is involve in the measurement of speed of wind. The instrument used for measuring the speed of wind is also known as anemometer.

Description of system of Wind speed measurement transducers

The anemometer is used to measure the wind pressure and its speed. Moreover it is considered as an important instrument for the weather pattern individuals. The structure of anemometer is quite simple. A fan is attached at the back side of the instrument and it will rotate according to the speed of the wind. Through this it will become easy to measure wind speed properly. This shows that if the blow of wind is stronger so the speed of this fan will be high. This is because fan speed is directly proportional to the blow of wind.  It can be observed that anemometer is involved in counting the number of rotations through this the speed of wind is calculated properly (You Lin Xu, 2011).

It can be seen that in most common type of anemometer there are about three to four cups are attached with the horizontal arm. And these arms are attached with the vertical rod. This shows that when the cups rotate it will also make the rod to spin. The cups on the rod will rotate faster according to the blow of the wind. This shows that it will count the number of rotations through which it will become simple to measure wind speed. Another thing is that the speed of the wind is not constant every time. It will vary with time and this is the reason why there are gusts and lulls that will measure the wind speed. Moreover, wind speed is almost average over the small period of time (Halldin, 2012).

Figures and parts of Wind speed measurement transducers

Parts of Anemometer of Wind speed measurement transducers

There are some important parts of this instrument are given below

The first part is considered is most important one and it is propeller cup. The next part is related to pressure plates, hot wire, mechanical rod, dial for measuring wind direction, the measuring instrument in aluminium case, wind speed LCD display and a point deflects wind.

All of these parts are used to measure the speed of wind in a proper way through the help of this instrument.

The mathematical model of the system

In this section, there is complete information about the working principle of the anemometer.

Working principle

It can be noted that the working principle of anemometer is quite simple. This is because it is using a simple principle. It can be noted that there are about two type of anemometers for measuring the speed of the wind. The first is related to the thermoelectric anemometer. It is use to measure the speed of the hot air and also the rate of cooling. According to this anemometer the rate of hot air is directly proportional to the rotation of wheels. Another fact is that thermoelectric measurement is also providing fast response with accurate sensitivity. On the other hand, the next one is related to vane anemometer. It can be noted that the working principle is related to the freely turning turbine that will rotate with a speed and it is directly proportional to the speed of wind. Overall, all anemometers are working on the same principle of freely turbine work according to the speed of the wind (Paolo Mandrioli, 2013).

Characteristics of instrument

In this section, there is complete information about the required specification of anemometer. It will discuss its important points like accuracy, sensitivity and other point.

It can be noted that the measuring range of anemometer is about 0-65 meter second. The measuring system, this anemometer is following is Opto-electronic pulse generator. Its threshold sensibility is about 0.2 meter per second. Moreover, the resolution of this transducer is about 0.05 meter per second. The required power supply is about 5-12 volts DC. On the other hand, the power consumption of anemometer is about 0.3 Watt.

Mechanical specification of Wind speed measurement transducers

According to the mechanical design of the transducer, it can be noted that its weight is about 0.3 kg. The height of the transducer is about 235 mm. moreover, the diameter of the cup is about 55 mm. the next thing is that its cup wheel diameter is about 12o mm. the material used for making this instrument is injected aluminium.

Other information of Wind speed measurement transducers

There are a lot of methods to measure the speed of wind through the help of anemometer. It can be noted that air speed can be measure through different ways. If there is need to measure the hot air. For that case, hot-wire anemometer is used. It shows that the air is moving above the object and cools it by following through it. This is the reason why breeze feels good during a hot day. Moreover, it can be noted that in hot-wire anemometer there is an electrical heated thin wire is placed in the instrument. The wire is hot and after some time it will get cool when air passes through it. If the rate of air is high then the temperature of wind will be decreased.

Another fact is that, wind speed is also measured through the help of measuring wind pressure. In that case, a tube is used that will measure the air pressure and its speed. On the other hand, a tube anemometer is used to measure the air pressure present in the glass tube. This tube is closed from the other hand. Then after this the pressure of inside and outside tube is calculated. Then according to this wind speed can be find by differentiating these pressure values.

Furthermore, the wind speed is also measured through the help of sound waves and shining laser beams. Due to these beams that are collecting the air in the form of sound wave. The wind speed is calculated in the form of these waves (W. Brutsaert, 2013).

Application of anemometer of Wind speed measurement transducers

It can be noted that there are a lot of applications of anemometer around the world. It is mostly use by the weather forecasters. They are using it to analyse the wind pattern and also forecast the future changes in the weather of the area. Through this they can easily provide prediction of any dangerous natural storm.

Moreover, anemometer is also used in different airports it will provide complete information to the pilot about the direction and intensity of the wind. Due to this it will become easy for the pilots to fly planes in windy conditions.

On the other hand, aerospace engineers are involved in using laser anemometer. It can be noted that such anemometers are used in velocity experiments. Moreover, these laser anemometers are involved in calculating the speed of wind around the spacecraft and aircrafts.

Another fact is that anemometers are also used by NASA for space. This show that they are using this instrument for measuring the wind speed on the Venus planet. This is because anemometer is able to measure the speed of wind at this planet.

There are some other application of anemometers like it is also use for metallurgy analysis. Some researchers are also using it for the studies of Aeolian sand movement studies. It is also used for the environmental protection (VIJAYACHITRA, 2016).

Conclusion of Wind speed measurement transducers

Summing all the discussion from above, it is concluded that wind speed transducer is extremely important for measuring the speed of wind. In this report, there is complete information about anemometer transducer used for measuring the speed of wind in a proper way. . A fan is attached at the back side of the instrument and it will rotate according to the speed of the wind. Through this it will become easy to measure wind speed properly. This shows that if the blow of wind is stronger so the speed of this fan will be high. The cups on the rod will rotate faster according to the blow of the wind. This shows that it will count the number of rotations through which it will become simple to measure wind speed.

It can be noted that the measuring range of anemometer is about 0-65 meter second. The measuring system, this anemometer is following is Opto-electronic pulse generator. On the other hand, a tube anemometer is used to measure the air pressure present in the glass tube. This tube is closed from the other hand. Then after this the pressure of inside and outside tube is calculated.

References of Wind speed measurement transducers

Halldin, S. (2012). Comparison of Forest Water and Energy Exchange Models. Elsevier,.

Paolo Mandrioli, G. C. (2013). Cultural Heritage and Aerobiology: Methods and Measurement Techniques for Biodeterioration Monitoring. Springer Science & Business Media, .

VIJAYACHITRA, S. (2016). TRANSDUCERS ENGINEERING. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.,.

W. Brutsaert, G. J. (2013). Gas Transfer at Water SurfacesW. Brutsaert, G.H. Jirka. Springer Science & Business Media.

You Lin Xu, Y. X. (2011). Structural Health Monitoring of Long-Span Suspension Bridges. CRC Press, 2011.