In the business contract there are different rules that must be fulfilled to get in a contract. In other words, a contract needs its element or voice that must be considered in

Enforceability of the contract. These rules are such as:

•           An open must be made by the promissory of the contract.

•           An acceptance of the offer made by the promisee

•           There must be consideration against the promise to do something or not to do something.

•           The parties of the contract or promises are related with each other.

•           The best day of both parties in the concern of my age is able to get in the contractor such as the parties are not minor or disabled to get the instruction of the contract.

•           Legality of the terms and conditions are fulfilled for the contract.

Answer 2: The Doctrine of promissory estoppel prevents the claim for going back to the promise. It is considered as a shield against the agreement that is made between two parties. It will be compulsory to evaluate the doctrine of promissory estoppel through the judicial body or relevant case law that are exist in the rules that created by the judicial authority. It could be possible by searching relevant case that are based on doctrine and will be used to evaluate why it has been described as a shield or re protection against the case law

The principles Lord Cairns laid down in Hughes were re-instated by Denning J in Central London Property Ltd v High Trees House Ltd [1947] KB 130. In 1937, the claimants; Central, let a block of flats at an annual rate of £2500 to the defendants, High Trees. In 1940, the claimant agreed to halve the rent due to war conditions causing evacuations and the inability for High Trees to reach the rent with reduced lettings. Once the war had ended in 1945 and the flats became fully let, Central requested High Trees to resume payment of £2500 a year, High Trees refused.

In conclusion, promissory estoppel is a shield not a blade. It can't be utilized in English law as a reason for activity, it must be utilized as a guard component to secure somebody who may endure low implementation of severe lawful rights. As observed in Combe it can't make new rights or expand the extent of existing rights, it can just alter the first agreement shaped between parties. To make another reason for activity could be depicted as a "blade" where rights are upheld where they didn't beforehand exist. In different purviews, for example, Australia, it might be utilized as a reason for activity; as found in Waltons Stores (Interstate) Ltd v Maher (1988) 76 ALR 513. Nonetheless, as Denning remarked in High Trees, this may violate the line into thought and subvert contract development.

Answer 3: Parole evidence rule are the rules that are preserved by the integrity of the written document by the judicial authority. Firstly, it was established during the case of ghost versus Lord Naghent. The rule prohibits the parties from amending the meaning of the main contract and the previous oral declaration made by the parties between themselves. When parties already discussed the negotiation of the terms of the contract and the agreements had been made, this process means that the integrated contract have been different have not different meaning from the agreement. The parol evidence rules exist for different reasons, such as safeguard the terms of conditions of the contract, or to have the code, the originality of the written document and terms and conditions that are agreed by both parties in the document before entering into a contract. The parol evidence rule has exception to the rule because it may be clear that the terms and condition of the contract have been accepted by the both parties and both are agreed to get into a contract.

Answer 4: Time of Notice:

•           Notice of the rejection statement might be express or suggested (productive).

 

•           If the notification of the rejection statement is given until after the agreement has been finished, the avoidance condition won't be official.

 

–          Olley - v-Marlborough Court [1949] 1 KB 532

Oceanic Sun Line Special Shipping Co - v-Fay (1988) 165 CLR 197

Eg. The owners won't consider themselves answerable for articles lost or taken, except if gave to the manageress for safe authority.

•           In different words, if the client thinks about the avoidance condition through his/her past dealings with the gathering, the client will be limited by the prohibition proviso.

–          Balmain New Ferry Co - v-Robertson (1906) 4 CLR 379

Eg. An admission of one penny must be paid on entering or leaving the wharf. No special case will be made to this standard whether the traveler has gone by ship or not.

Part C: Discussion Questions

Answer A: In common sense, the parties to a contract expect that there are some different terms and conditions to get in the contract. These drums are may be expressed or implied with the according to the situation expressed. Conditions are the conditions that are already described to the parties before getting into a contract file. The imply Terms and conditions are the conditions that are that are implemented according to the certain situation by some actions of conduct. What runs and conditions are different to each other that could be explained in detail in this question? Express terms are the terms that are agreed by the parties and are offered by one party to the other part. These kinds of terms are normally written on the document and agreed by the both party verbally or by the agreement of sign to give the acceptance of the terms and conditions of the contract. As far as concerned with the implied terms, these are the towns that are employed to the contract by the quote. These terms are not expressively described by the parties into the contract but are taken to be effective after if there is some happening of the event in the contractor. The express terms and any employee towns together create legally binding obligations on the parties and the parties are liable to. Fulfill the requirements of the contract.