Report on the decision support systems (DSS)

Abstract of the decision support systems (DSS)

In organizations, the managers have to make various decisions regarding the expansion and financial management of the organization. The decisions which the managers take have a huge impact on the performance, efficiency, and profitability of the organization. The advancements such as decision support systems (DSS) can play a significant role in helping the managers to take the right decision. In the organization, there is a huge amount of data that the lower management provides to senior level management on a daily basis. The senior management uses this data to taking various decisions. The huge amount of data makes it difficult for managers to make accurate decisions. The decision support system converts a huge amount of data into useful information so that senior management can take the decision without facing any difficulty. One of the major benefits of cloud computing services is that the cost of the organization decreases up to a certain limit. The organization that manages and stores the data on-premise spent a significant amount of money on the storage facility. Through cloud computing, the corporation can save money which will be spent on the creation of a storage facility. Storing data requires a significant amount of resources and these resources can be saved if the organization moves toward cloud computing services. In this paper we are going to discuss about the new computer systems that will help in catching up with new technologies and will increase our abilities in near future. The main systems to be reviewed are Information system related solution that will may include Decision Support System (DSS), Cloud computing, Enterprise Data Warehouse (EDW), Data Management System (DMS), Supply Chain Management (SCM). There are many reasons that why we including these systems. These systems will benefit the company in many ways that are going to be elaborated here. The main reason to discuss such solution in this document is to make the organizations aware of the technology and how the technology is supporting their businesses. 

Introductioon of the decision support systems (DSS)

Every company in the world is facign many diffficulties as well as many challeges to make the new strategies and want to overcome from those problems but it is very difficult for them. It is possile to minimize the effects of the those problems and challenges because the the technology is very strong as well as very effective in every field of life. As the technology is chainging day by day and becomes stronger by passing time because the scientists always in try to dicover new technological solution for the business. The reseach paper is aiming to provide the brief ifnormatin related to the IS related solutions. Over the years advancements in information systems have experienced a significant amount of growth. Today there are different information system solutions which are enhancing the performance and efficiency of the organization’s information management systems. The organizations today need IS-related solutions for so many things such as for taking decisions, storing data, managing data basis, and a lot of other activities. Without these solutions the organizations today will unable to take a competitive edge over their competitors and sustaining, in the long run, will become difficult for the corporations (Bryman & Bell, 2015). It is discussed in this report about the decision support system which is very helpful to manage as well as making the very effective and strong structured and unstructured decisions for the organizations. For saving the data of the company as well as making this data accessible for anytime, the cloud computing is the best and very effective technique or component for the companies around the world. The database management system is also discussed in this report which is providing the information that the data will be managed and secured in the database. On the other hand, the large organizations must have to use the enterprise data warehouse that provides facility to access the data any time. In the last of this report, the brief information related to supply chain management and its use including the advantages is provided. 

Decision support system:

In organizations, the managers have to make various decisions regarding the expansion and financial management of the organization. The decisions which the managers take have a huge impact on the performance, efficiency, and profitability of the organization. If the decision which the senior level manager takes becomes wrong than the organization might have to face a significant amount of financial loss (Juan, Gao, & Wang, 2010). Sometimes the top-level managers become confused and do not know which decision will be beneficial for the organization. In recent years the information technology (IS) has experienced a significant amount of growth and many advancements in the field of IS have been done in recent years (Beheshti, 2010).

The advancements such as decision support systems (DSS) can play a significant role in helping the managers to take the right decision. In the organization, there is a huge amount of data that the lower management provides to senior level management on a daily basis. The senior management uses this data to taking various decisions. The huge amount of data makes it difficult for managers to take accurate decisions. The decision support system converts a huge amount of data into useful information so that senior management can take the decision without facing any difficulty (Juan, Gao, & Wang, 2010).

In the organizations as discussed earlier different types of decisions are being taken on a daily basis. Some decisions are structured and some decisions are unstructured in nature. The structured decision is such decisions which are taken on a routine basis and does not require much information for their successful implementation. The DSS can help the managers in making structured decisions. However unstructured decisions are different from the structured decision because such decisions required a significant amount of experience and information. The unstructured decisions are not taken on a regular basis and have the potential to provide benefits to the organization. The decision support system plays an important role in making unstructured decisions effective (Juan, Gao, & Wang, 2010).

The decision support system helps the organization in making plans for the future. The decision support system creates various models and on the basis of these models, rational decisions can be taken for the future. In the organizations, the managers want to invest in various projects and for that, they have to make a decision whether to invest or not invest in the project. In such situations, the decision support system provides adequate information to the managers regarding the profitability and usefulness of the project. In short rational decisions regarding investment can be taken with the help of DSS.

The decision support system helps the organization to increase performance. Through DSS the organization can improve its various activities such as improving its supply chain activities. The DSS has the potential to enhance the quality of various activities that the corporation does on a regular basis. The corporation’s success depends on the decisions which the organization takes. If the organization is going to make the right decisions than the organization will experience growth however if the organization is going to take wrong decisions than the performance and efficiency of the organization will decline up to a lot of extents (Juan, Gao, & Wang, 2010). 

2 Cloud Computing of the decision support systems (DSS):

The organizations today are looking for such approaches through which not only they can increase their efficiency of operations but also can reduce their cost up to a significant level. Cloud computing has allowed the organization to not only manage and store their data effectively but has also allowed the corporations to reduce the cost of data management up to a lot of extents. Cloud computing can be described as the on-demand availability of computer-related resources. Through cloud computing, the organization has the opportunity to increase its efficiency and performance up to a lot of extents (Ostermann, et al., 2009).

One of the major benefits of cloud computing services is that the cost of the organization decreases up to a certain limit. The organization that manages and stores the data on-premise spent a significant amount of money on the storage facility. Through cloud computing, the corporation can save money which will be spent on the creation of a storage facility. Storing data requires a significant amount of resources and these resources can be saved if the organization moves toward cloud computing services. The cloud service providers charge a fee which is less than the amount which the corporations spent on managing the storage facility (Ostermann, et al., 2009).

Another key advantage of cloud computing services is that it provides a competitive edge to the organizations. Today many organizations are trying to capture the market share and want to gain a significant presence in the market. For this, it is important that organizations should take a competitive advantage. Through cloud services, organizations can not only reduce their costs but can also increase the efficiency of their operations. These are things that enhance the competitive advantage of the corporation and allow corporations to gain a competitive edge over the competitors. Overall, the cloud computing services allow the organization to sustain in the long run (Garg, Versteeg, & Buyya, 2013).

Cloud computing provides many benefits to the organization and due to these benefits, the organization overall performance enhances. Through cloud computing the organization can easily restore and backup its data which is difficult in traditional approaches. The cloud computing service providers provide high-speed access to computer resources which is another major advantage of cloud computing service. The cloud computing services providers provide unlimited storage to the organizations. Cloud computing provides benefits like mobility and reliability to its customers or clients. In short, it can be said that there are many benefits of cloud computing for the organization (Ostermann, et al., 2009). 

Database Management System (DBMS)

The database management system functions are very effective and important to handle the data of the company on the larger number. The database management system is such kind of software system that used to create the as well as manage the records. The database management system has the capability to make this thing possible for the users and the enterprises to create, read, delete as well as edit the records. The database management system is essentially serving the interface among the enterprises and the databases to make sure the data which is inserted into the database is the properly organized and the remain accessible. The information security (IS) has also worked on various fields including the databases management system. They database management system has several types of functions such as data integrity, data organization, data availability and the security by using some the protocols of information security. Furthermore, the database management system is managing three different but very important things: the data, the engine of the database allows to access the data or make the data accessible and modify, and the database schema used to define the logical structure of the database. Although, these mentioned functions or the elements are helping in the data integrity, security, concurrency as well as uniform data administration procedures. The change management, performance monitoring, seeding, fetching, security as well as backup and recovery are included by Database management system (DBMS) which are the typical administration tasks (Shenming, et al., 2002). 

The database management system (DBMS) can be very useful to provide the centralized data view and accessed by several users from the multiple locations but the access of the data will be in the controlled medium where the data of the users and enterprises will become safe. On the other side, the DBMS can also set the limit on the users, so the larger number of users and unauthorized users cannot see the data. But the DBMS has the ability to handle the requests. The database management system can also offer both type of data independence physical and logical. It has the proper and logical meaning that the data independence in both ways can protect the applications and the users from requiring to know where is the data is stored. Furthermore, the application is using the application programming interfaces (APIs) to transfer or flow of data because it also provides the security to the data by wrapping the data into the json response as well as other responses.  

The database management system has also various types of advantages that are making the DBMS stronger, valuable as well as more useful for the protection of the data and the better management of data into the database. By using the database management system to save and organize the data, the enterprises as well as the users are provided many benefits. The very notable benefit of using the DBMS is that it lets the access to application programmers and the users as well as use the same type of data at the time of management of the integrity of the data. Although, when the data can be shared by using the database management system, the data will be maintained and protected better way. Furthermore, the data can be shared by using database system instead of establishing new iterations for every new application in the new files. So, it makes sure that the same kind of entry will not be created in the system. furthermore, the central store of the data is provided by the database management system which is accessible through different users in the controlled way (Bakalash, Shaked, & Caspi, 2013). So, the data management and the central storage in the database management system are providing different types of benefits which are: the data security, data independence and abstraction, robust data integrity capabilities, auditing and logging the activity, simple access by using the standard API, locking mechanism for the current or any access as well as the uniform administration techniques for the data. DBMS ensure better security and privacy policies and allow them to make improvements in overall security of the data. 

Enterprise Data Warehouse (EDW)

The enterprise data warehouse (EDW) is another kind database or it can also be called as the collection several types of databases. From the multiple sources and the applications, the business information or the data of the business is centralized by enterprise data warehouse (EDW). Furthermore, the information by using different kinds of applications and the sources makes available for the analytical purposes as well as it also used in the organizations. The enterprise data warehouse (EDW) can be accessed by using the cloud services for the organizational operations, management as well as for analysis to make new strategies for the companies. Furthermore, it provides the single storage facility that is very beneficial for analysis of data because it effectively prepares the data for further operations and analysis. 

Therefore, the data which is stored in the databases in digital formats, can be most important and valuable asset for the business of the company because the companies will have the data and then they can perform analysis on that data to make new strategies for the company and the business. The complete data related to every aspect of the company such as sales, products, customers. shareholders, expenses, employees as well as all other aspects, are stored into the database which will be required in the operations. The enterprise data warehouse can easily manage the larger sets of the data and the databases without having any kind of administration of various databases because the administration of the several databases make the operations on the business complex and it is highly possible for owners and the management of the organizations that they may forget the credentials of some databases (Rifaie, Kianmehr, Alhajj, & Ridley, 2008). In this case, they will become unable to access the data as well as cannot perform the analysis for betterment. But the enterprise data warehouse (EDW) provides the easy access to the relevant data and this practice is the best way to storing the data for the business intelligences for the future. 

The enterprise data warehouse is always connected with the sources of raw by using the integration tools on one end and on the side, the analytical interfaces are used or integrated. The storage is also provided by the data warehouse which has the mechanism to transfer the data, as well as present the transferred data to the users. The main difference among enterprise and general warehouse is the functionality and the architectural diversity. The enterprise data warehouses are mostly decomposed in the smaller databases due to the complicated size and the structure  (QianCheng, 2010). 

The enterprise data warehouse (EDW) has different forms of the functions that make the enterprise data warehouse more effective, useful as well as beneficial for the companies. The EDW has the ability to serve the data services to the organizations as the ultimate storage because it is a unified repository for all the corporate business data occurring into the company. Although, it also reflects the data source. To have a concept or to understand what data relates to what, it always goes around the particular subject that is called as data model. Because the business data is related to different domains is present in warehouse. An example of a subject may include sale area or total average sale of some item. The data is sourced by the EDW from the original storage spaces such as IoT devices, CRM and Google Analytics. As mentioned before that as the new data is always generated, the dedicated infrastructure is required by the data flow for the management the entering in the warehouse. 

Supply Chain Management (SCM)

The systematic and strategical coordination as well as the implementation of the strategies in the organizations to make more productive and progressive business is referred as the supply chain management in the traditional functions of the business. Furthermore, SCM is the wide range of activities and the strategies which are essentially needed to make, control the plan as well as flow of the product from the materials to production to distribution in different types of economical ways. The major aim of the supply chain management (SCM) is to bring improvements into the management and managerial function for the stable organizations. To optimize flow of information, data, resources, relevant materials as well as capital in functions, the integrated planning as well as execution of the different process are encompassed by the supply chain management (SCM), that widely involve into the production of the products, transportation of the company, storage and logistics, sourcing as well as the demand planning (Saad, Jones, & James, 2002). 

Furthermore, SCM is playing effective role with change of the technological world as well as providing help to enhance responsiveness into the supply chain of the organizations or to reduce the expenses into the different organizations. Avery crucial example here is Emerson. This is an international manufacturing organization of China. With the help of supply chain management information system, this organization has become successful. Several stable organizations in the world are using both specialized software as well as the business strategies to make the company strategies more effective as well as use such kind of activities to make the high, effective as well as impactful competitive advantage into the market. Furthermore, the supply chain management is actually a complex and expansive undertaking procedure and approach which depends upon every partner of the business of the company to conduct of run the business of the company smooth and effectively from the suppliers to manufacturers and other stakeholders. The change management, risk management as well as collaboration management are also required effectively by the supply chain management because of expensiveness and complexity of the supply chain management (SCM) to communicate as well as create alignment among all of the participants (Larson & Halldorsson, 2004).

Moreover, sustainability of the supply chain management covers every kind of legal, social and the environmental problems. There are several types of benefits of the supply chain management. The SCM also benefits to the companies such as lower costs, higher profit, making strategies, new efficiencies as well as increased collaboration. Several stable companies are enabled by the supply chain management for the better management of the demand, keeping cost of the production and supply of services or products minimum including customer satisfaction, carrying the right amount of the inventory as well as dealing with the disruptions in most effective and creative manner. To manage the growing complexity of supply chain now days, it achieves the benefits of the supply chain by choosing and adapting the new relevant software and the effective strategies. As mentioned before, the supply chain management is very beneficial in reducing the costs as well as increasing the performance and the progress of the enterprises to achieve highly competitive advantage in the market. 

Conclusion of the decision support systems (DSS)

It is concluded that in organizations, the managers have to make various decisions regarding the expansion and financial management of the organization. The advancements such as decision support systems (DSS) can play a significant role in helping the managers to take the right decision. The huge amount of data makes it difficult for managers to take accurate decisions. One of the major benefits of cloud computing services is that the cost of the organization decreases up to a certain limit. It is important that organizations should take a competitive advantage. The change management, performance monitoring, seeding, fetching, security as well as backup and recovery are included by Database management system (DBMS) which are the typical administration tasks. The enterprise data warehouse (EDW) can be accessed by using the cloud services for the organizational operations, management as well as for analysis to make new strategies for the companies. The major aim of the supply chain management (SCM) is to bring improvements into the management and managerial function for the stable organizations. 

References of the decision support systems (DSS)

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