In this report, there is complete information related to the recent bushfires in Australia. It can be noted that in this bushfire a lot of animals were burnt at the spot and also large area of the forest was damaged too. This report will discuss the overall effect of this bushfire in Australia. In the first section, there is proper information about the history of Australian bushfires and its impacts. Furthermore, there is proper information about the number of factors that are responsible for this heavy bushfire in this country. There is also some details about the different kind of effects of bushfires in Australia. Then after this, there is brief information about the effect of Australian bushfires in that country. This section will discuss, proper impact of bushfires on the air quality index. The next part will discuss results and discussion properly and what kind of action will be taken by the government against this bushfire for the future.

Introduction of Australian Busfires

It can be noted that the bushfires in Australia are considered as regular occurring condition. These bushfires are also changing and shaping the nature of this continent for many years. In the whole world, Eastern Australia is considered as the most fire-prone area. In that area. Eucalyptus forest are the main victim of this heavy fire. The next fact is that the fire is also causing a lot of damage to the property. Moreover, both animal and human life was suffered a lot through this fire. From the information, it can be noted that this country has faced worst bushfires in the last year. Then after this rain helped this fire to stop and save forests. The area of this bushfire was extremely huge, it can be noted that almost 25.5 million acres that is almost a size of South Korea. Due to this fire, more than 3000 homes were damaged (Williamson, Weir, & Cavanagh, 2020).

Historical Australian bushfires

According to the history of bushfires, Australia had faced the first bushfire in 1851. In that bushfire more than 800 people lost their lives. It was started before the European settlement. The facts are showing that the fire is considered as the most important force. Moreover, it is also playing major role in changing the environment of Australia. In that country, there are some plant that required variety of mechanism for their survival. They also require bushfire and also encourage fire because it contain flammable oil in the leaves. In 1642, Abel Janszoon had observed extensive bushfire smoke over the coast of Tasmania. Moreover, in 1770, autumn fire was seen by the crew of Captain Cook during the days of the voyage. The main facts is that fire is mostly cause by the naturally and human hands. There are some native people who set fire for the sake of lush grass to fatten kangaroos. Moreover, sometimes fire-stick farming was also used to facilitate hunting in that area. This is also used for promoting the growth of bush potatoes and other plants. Furthermore, in Central Australia they are using fire for managing their country. Now in the 19^th century, the hot and arid climate of Australia was the main source of bushfire and it was the extremely dangerous for the European settlers living in the colonial era. After this in the 20^th century, this large bushfire continuous to move in these forest. This is because at that time population was increased and people moving towards urban areas. At that time many people lost their lives and also damage their properties. Moreover, in the 20^th century there are number of bushfires happened in that country. The first one is in 1925, the next one is in 1938 and last one is in 1993 (Bowman, 2020).

Factors are responsible for bushfires

It can be noted that there are number of factors that have become the main reasons of these bushfires in Australia. In this section, there is brief information about these factors.

The first one is the fuel load. It is also describing the amount of fallen bark, small branches and leaf litter accumulate in the area. Moreover, if the fuel load is greater so fire will be extremely intense. The next factor is fuel moisture. It can be observed that the dry fuel will burn extremely quick and wet fuel is not able to burn properly. Due to this fact, the rainfall and amount of rain is considered as the important factor for analyzing the bushfire danger. Another factor is related to wind speed. This shows that wind speed is driving the fire by blowing the flames at high level and make it fresh fuel. The wind is considered as an important source of oxygen. It is also promoting the rapid flow of fire by spotting ignition (Arriagada, Palmer, Bowman, Morgan, & Jalaludin, 2020).

Moreover, such spotting also occurred up to 30km from the fire front. There is also a threshold wind speed of about 12 to 15 km per hour. It can easily transfer the fire flames from one point to another. On the other hand, the next factor is related to ambient temperature. This shows that if the temperature of the area is larger so it will allow the things started to burn. The main reason is that fuel is closer to the ignition point. Another uncommon factor is related to slope angle. It can be seen that fire pre-heat their fuel source by the help of convection and radiation. Due to this fact, fire will accelerated when it travelling uphill. The steepness of the slope is playing a major role in spreading fire in that area. It shows that the speed of the fire is double when there is increase in 10 degree of the slope. This shows that if slope is increased by 20 degree then fire speed will be four time greater than the ground area (Bbc .com, 2020).

Discuss various effects of bushfires

In this section, there is proper information about the different effects of bushfires. This will discuss, three main effects with proper details. The first one is related with ecological effect, the next one is about environmental effect and the last one is related with economical effect of bushfires.

Ecological effects of Australian Busfires

Due to these bushfires, the ecological effect is extremely high in Australia. This is because fire is considered as an important part of the ecosystem. Before indigenous people, fire was started through lighting strikes. Due to this fact, many bushfires are destroyed and change different kind of ecosystems. There are some positive and negative effects of bushfires on the ecosystem. The main negative effect is that fire will destroy the adult tress by burning. On the other hand, the positive effect of fire is in the form of healthy soil condition. Due to this young plants can easily thrive. It will also change the structure of soil.

Environmental effects of Australian Busfires

There are also some environmental effects of this deadly bushfires in Australia. The first effect is related to the loss of biodiversity in Australia. The main reason is that due to the bushfire many species are endemic to the continent. The next major environmental effect is related to debris from the fires. This would threaten the water supply of the area. This is because too much rain will become disaster for water supply in Australia. On the other hand, the next environmental impact is related to the animals. The ecosystem of animals will be effected and they are hungry. Due to this its ecosystem will grow in a different way. Another factor is related to excessive amount of carbon dioxide emission. It can be noted that due to this smoke from fire, the rate of carbon dioxide gas will be increased.

Economic effects of Australian Busfires

Due to this heavy bushfire, there are some dangerous economic effects on Australia. This shows that the impact will be increased up to 4.4 bullion. The main reason is that as the natural disaster started to rebuild the GDP value of the country will be damaged. According to facts, the infrastructure of the country has been damaged a lot. Moreover, the farming and tourism industry is damaged badly. There are also some businesses that are closing their doors during excessive level of air pollution.

Effects of Australian bushfires 2019-2020

During this deadly Australian bushfires, a lot of humans and animals lost their lives. Moreover, the effect of this bushfire is extremely high. This bushfire is also providing physical and direct impact on the life of human and animals. One of the huge effect of this bushfire is related to the air quality. It can be noted that due to bushfires there is also increase in the rate of ecological and biodiversity impacts due to bushfires.

Air quality effects of Australian Busfires

It can be observed that the bushfires are affecting the quality of air at great amount. This is because such bushfires are emitting substantial amounts of volatile and organic materials like nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas. If the rate of these gases in the air is high then air will become dense. Due to this, the quality of air is suffered in great amount. This quality is affected badly. Moreover, such gases will also affect the ozone layer. This shows that when ozone layer is damaged. Then there will be huge impact on the temperature of the earth. Due to excessive carbon dioxide gas in the air will affect the humans and animals lives badly. Furthermore, if there is direct emission of toxic pollutants in the air will affect the local and first respondents. Another important fact is that due to the formation of such pollutants in the air will contain different kind of lung diseases (Werner, 2020)

Air quality in different states of Australia

Before bushfires, the quality of air was moderate in Australia. This is because everything was working according to the system. But after the bushfire, the air quality is changed completely in the Eastern Australia. It can be noted that the quality of air is highly damaged in whole Australia. The main reason behind is the emission of carbon dioxide in the air. It shows that when the rate of this gas is higher in the air then it will become extremely difficult for the person to breath. Moreover, another fact is that air will become heavy and also affecting the lungs of humans and animals. The next fact is that due to such gases, there will be increase in temperature of the area.

Effect on household of affected areas

Due to this bushfires, many people living in that country lost their family member. Moreover, the property was also damaged badly. Moreover, there are many species of animals were damaged badly. It will also damage the community at great amount. It can be noted that the damaged caused by these bushfires is astronomical

Results and discussions of Australian Busfires

According to these facts, the results are showing that the bushfires are providing a lot of damage to the air quality of the area. Due to this the government of Australia has to take critical action against it. Due to this it will become easy to make new strategies related to the bushfire issue (Wwf. org. au, 2020).

Mitigation suggestions of Australian Busfires

There are some important suggestion for the government. The government has to make proper plan for the bushfires. Due to this it will become extremely easy to prevent any kind of damage in the future. This is because too much rain will become disaster for water supply in Australia. On the other hand, the next environmental impact is related to the animals. The main reason is that as the natural disaster started to rebuild the GDP value of the country will be damaged. According to facts, the infrastructure of the country has been damaged a lot. Moreover, the farming and tourism industry is damaged badly. This shows that when ozone layer is damaged. Then there will be huge impact on the temperature of the earth. For that case, there is need to create ecofriendly environment for the ozone layer (Theguardian. com, 2020).

Future mitigation strategies by government

There are also some future strategies related to the bushfires. The first one is related to make fire proof homes for the residents. This means that they can easily save properties from burning off in the fire. Moreover, the next one is related to make proper plan for the future. This means that if plan is perfect then many lives can be saved easily. This shows that if the temperature of the area is larger so it will allow the things started to burn. The main reason is that fuel is closer to the ignition point. Due to this fact, many bushfires are destroyed and change different kind of ecosystems. The ecosystem of animals will be effected and they are hungry. Due to this its ecosystem will grow in a different way. This bushfire is also providing physical and direct impact on the life of human and animals. This means that government is required to make important strategies to control the ecosystem and decrease the rate of bushfires (Aljazeera. com, 2020).

Conclusion of Australian Busfires

Summing up all the discussion from above, it is concluded that Australian bushfires are extremely dangerous for human and animal lives. In this report, there is complete information about these bushfires in Australia. Moreover, both animal and human life was suffered a lot through this fire. From the information, it can be noted that this country has faced worst bushfires in the last year. This is also used for promoting the growth of bush potatoes and other plants. Furthermore, in. Central Australia they are using fire for managing their country.

Moreover, if the fuel load is greater so fire will be extremely intense. The next factor is fuel moisture. It can be observed that the dry fuel will burn extremely quick and wet fuel is not able to burn properly. Another uncommon factor is related to slope angle. It can be seen that fire pre-heat their fuel source by the help of convection and radiation. Due to this fact, fire will accelerated when it travelling uphill

The first one is related with ecological effect, the next one is about environmental effect and the last one is related with economical effect of bushfires. Due to this fact, many bushfires are destroyed and change different kind of ecosystems. There are some positive and negative effects of bushfires on the ecosystem. The main negative effect is that fire will destroy the adult tress by burning. On the other hand, the next environmental impact is related to the animals. The ecosystem of animals will be effected and they are hungry. Due to this its ecosystem will grow in a different way. Moreover, the farming and tourism industry is damaged badly. There are also some businesses that are closing their doors during excessive level of air pollution.

References of Australian Busfires

Aljazeera. com. (2020). Australia's devastating bushfire season comes to an end. Retrieved from www.aljazeera.com: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/australia-devastating-bushfire-season-200331094924419.html

Arriagada, N. B., Palmer, A. J., Bowman, D. M., Morgan, G. G., & Jalaludin, B. B. (2020). Unprecedented smoke-related health burden associated with the 2019–20 bushfires in eastern Australia. Research letter, 03(02), 01-03.

Bbc .com. (2020). Australia fires: A visual guide to the bushfire crisis. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-50951043

Bowman, D. D. (2020). Australia needs a national fir alia needs a national fire inquir e inquiry - these ar y - these are the 3 k e the 3 key areas it. Retrieved from https://ro.uow.edu.au/smhpapers1/1129

Theguardian. com. (2020). The latest news and comment on bushfires. Retrieved from www.theguardian.com: https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/bushfires

Werner, J. (2020). The size of Australia's bushfire crisis captured in five big numbers. Retrieved from www.abc.net.au: https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2020-03-05/bushfire-crisis-five-big-numbers/12007716

Williamson, B., Weir, J., & Cavanagh, V. I. (2020). Strength from perpetual grief: how Aboriginal people experience. Faculty of Social Sciences, 01(01), 4709-4720. Retrieved from https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5785&context=sspapers

Wwf. org. au. (2020). Donate to WWF's Australian Wildlife and Nature Recovery Fund. Retrieved from www.wwf.org.au: https://www.wwf.org.au/get-involved/bushfire-emergency#gs.6wvsee