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Report on the Coronavirus and the US Economy

Category: Economics Paper Type: Report Writing Reference: APA Words: 5950

Abstract of Coronavirus and the US Economy

I order to evaluate impact of corona virus on the economy it is significant not only to emphasis on the epidemiological outline of the virus but also on the pathways which customers, government and business might answer to it. The COVID-19 would mainly form economic losses with supply chain, financial market, demand, household, business investment and international trade as well. In the outbreak and spread of virus the America has been anticipating the decrease import from china. In the last of the 2019 reduced imports, exports and international trade have been observed. As well as the threat of noticeable negative mandate will shock if the public exaggerates the outburst of corona virus. The coronavirus will directly shape and alter economic losses through financial markets, demand, and supply chains, affecting household consumption, international trade, and business investment. With the spread of coronavirus, the US economy has also experienced a decrease in demand.

It has resulted in significant reduction in revenues for businesses because of overall impact on the economy. Two separate concepts and effects must be considered. First of all, people are purchasing less services and products as they fear being exposed to the coronavirus. The officials of united states have been moving to hold the spread of disease and on the other side federal government has also been contending with unparalleled and dramatic toll which the epidemic have on the U.S economy. It has been said that almost 22 million American residents have been registered for the benefits which has been given by government to the unemployed families. As well as the recent condition has been unparalleled and growing faster and it has been utilizing some of the models which utilize macro-economic fundamentals might miss some of the main forces which might be too decrease to update the provided frequency. As well as the abnormal decline has been enhanced the calls for action which has been made from white house to do something.

Introduction of Coronavirus and the US Economy

            Coronavirus has been recognised as an epidemiological threat that causes COVID-19 and other than its harmful effects on health; it has been determined to have disruptive effects on both global and national economy as well. All over the world, the coronavirus has raised significant concerns. For instance, it is expected by the IMF that international GDP or Gross Domestic Product will fall by three percent in 2020. (Leiva & Gabriel , 2020) Meanwhile, warnings have been issued by the WTO that the volume of international trade could decrease up to 32 percent. The US will inevitably be influenced by both the domestic and international developments emerging from the virus. Furthermore, in order to evaluate impact of corona virus on the economy it is significant not only to emphasis on the epidemiological outline of the virus but also on the pathways which customers, government and business might answer to it.


The crude oil price had already been affected by a row between OPEC, the group of oil producers, and Russia. Coronavirus has driven the price down further.

The COVID-19 would mainly form economic losses with supply chain, financial market, demand, household, business investment and international trade as well. In this some of the economist has been utilizing the SARS epidemic to put corona virus outburst in content. In the era of 2003, the epidemic of SARS has been estimated to have 0.5 percent to 1 percent off on the growth of china which merely cost the universal economy which is almost 40 billion which has been taken as to be 0.1 percent from the from the general GDP.


The epidemic of corona virus which has likely be originated from (Baker & Nicholas , 2020)SRAS in china. It has been diversive in few major ways. Moreover, its confidence was stunned by the double effect of overall economic announcement and the trade among china and U.S.A war escalation. The universe looks diversive from the last universal virus outburst which was appeared in 2003.

Analyzing on which personnel is at most need for personal protective equipment ( PPEs) due to they are facing the most critical risk looking after seriously ill COVID-19 patients have a justified claim to protection available. There can be multiple ways to ensure protection to physicians who are at high risk personally due to the reason of an underlying medical condition. If they are given a task to give care to non-COVID-19 patients (Pwc.com.au, 2020).

Identification of a contemporary “Managing in a Global Environment” problem to be addressed

The institutions for example are required to look for multiple ways for increasing the rate of supplies of PPEs or analyze if PPEs can be re used by adequate sterilizing until new equipment supplies are available, or need to dig out other ways to ensure the requirement is full filled (Jayasuriya, 2020).

In those situations, universal growth has already been going slow and some of the financial marketing already holds quite decrease interest rates which have been taken as in the meaning of central banks in almost each of the main country which hold low ammo which alleviate any strength economic outcome. It has been put great pressure on government to utilize power of their purse to hostage the economic fallout from the corona virus. Whereas the outcome from the virus would disrupt the supply chains and universal demand which can also threaten the economy of United Nations, (Bartik & Brad , 2020) the recent condition also develops a lot of uncertainty for long term basis. In the outbreak and spread of virus the America has been anticipating the decrease import from china. In the last of the 2019 reduced imports, exports and international trade have been observed. As well as the threat of noticeable negative mandate will shock if the public exaggerates the outburst of corona virus.

In the United States, number of people filing for unemployment hit a record high, signalling an end to a decade of expansion for one of the world's largest economies


Possibilities enormous externalities which is associated to epidemics diverse conventional economic thinking. Most of the medical service providers will normally charge and would have be highly subsidized and has been delivered for free. In these terms of reducing limitations to testing and the government should make it clear that testing would be free and that individual should not fear from hospitalization. The officials of united states have been moving to hold the spread of disease and on the other side federal government has also been contending with unparalleled and dramatic toll which the epidemic have on the U.S economy. It has been said that almost 22 million American residents have been registered for the benefits which has been given by government to the unemployed families.  It is obvious that the amount of interference is quite remarkable.

As it has been known that corona virus has been spread in all over the world and affects the humans at great level. As the corona virus is the type of virus which has been affected on the human’s immune system as well as with the respiratory system and has been named as COVID-19. The symptoms of virus have been involved the symptom of pneumonia, cold, cough, sneeze and fever mainly and also the shortness of breath.

The virus has been spread with the release of droplets within the air which has been delivered by the sneeze and cough of the infected individuals. In the current situation the virus has been declared as pandemic because it affected the universe through the large population. The virus has been first come in the Wuhan city of china in the last of 2019 (Health.gov.au, 2019).

COVID-19 spread all round of Coronavirus and the US Economy

It has been observed that the virus has been spread in all round the universe and it has also been travelled in America as well. The virus has been come in the start of the year 2020. It can also be said that in the response to virus America has been doing comparatively good. The America holds six thousand five hundred patients in the middle of April and observed 66 deaths (Retail, 2020). For a country who holds the population of 25 million person which has been associated with the economy globally and also have the main urban population and also have great tourist industry and it has been taken as positive statistics in the great scheme of pandemic.

Moreover, there are some of the common features has been presented which makes the America able to limited the spread of virus. As it has been viewed that the city has been consecrated with some of the environmental advantages which sanction them to seal their selves form the world and avoid the latest sources of the entrance of virus (Mousina, 2020).

Although it has been observed that corona virus has pulled the public of America back toward the collective goods of country. It also provides the public toward the greater sense on domestic purpose. Furthermore, the virus gives the reason to put side the sensitive and philosophical thoughts despite from the quality information. . Moreover, there are some of the common features has been presented which makes the America able to limited the spread of virus (Schwab, 2020).

Purpose Statement of Coronavirus and the US Economy

            In this research, effects of the coronavirus on the US economy will be discussed and it will be determined what can be done by the US government for facilitating businesses to recover from it.

Significance of Issue under study of Coronavirus and the US Economy

            The spread of coronavirus has impacted the global economy significantly and it is adversely influencing national economies, including the US economy. It has been determined that the pandemic is capable of disrupting the international supply of products and good, making it harder for American organisations to fill orders. In fact, it is also capable of waylaying workers and employees in the affected areas, effectively decreasing labour supply and slowing the demand for services and products of the US. Therefore, it would not be wrong to say that the coronavirus is capable of wreaking havoc on the US economy. The only way of preventing is to take effective steps (Karabag, 2020).

Literature Review of Coronavirus and the US Economy

            For assessing the possible effect of the coronavirus on the US economy, it is critical not only to consider the coronavirus’s epidemiological profile but also the ways that governments, businesses, and consumers might respond to it. The coronavirus will directly shape and alter economic losses through financial markets, demand, and supply chains, affecting household consumption, international trade, and business investment. It will do so through the introduction of high uncertainty and in traditional supply-and-demand ways.

            SARS epidemic has been used by economists for putting the spread of coronavirus in context. Actually, the SARS epidemic of 2003 is determined to have eliminated approximately one percent of China’s growth for the year. In addition to it, it cost about 40 billion dollars to the global economy. The epidemic of coronavirus, which is originated in China, seems to differ in a few ways. In 2003, the economy of China seemed to account for 3 percent of the international GDP. However, at the moment, it seems to command 16.3 percent. If the pandemic has similar effects on China, its effects on the international growth will be even worse. Furthermore, growth of China is seemingly weaker than it was in 2003. Its confidence had been weakened by the double effects of trade-war and general deceleration of economy. The economic fallout due to the pandemic could rattle the economy of China further and even decrease international growth, significantly influencing the US economy (Dolbneva, 2020).

            In comparison with SARS, the spread of coronavirus is quicker. China, for its part, responded quickly to the outbreak of coronavirus than it responded to SARS. These measures have seemed to create short-term economic pains on the side of supply and demand. Outside the boundaries of China, the spread of coronavirus has influenced international supply chains significantly as other governments have begun to take serious steps for slowing the spread of virus. It is predicted by the Harvard Business Review that the pandemic is capable of lasting till 2021 and it has already forced thousands of businesses to temporarily shut their manufacturing and assembling plants down in Europe and the US. Again, this will disrupt and cause issues for the international supply chains along with the demands for services and goods in the affected economies. Actually, these disruptions seem to make it tougher for organisations in the US to bring their products to consumers and these organisations will decrease exports from the United States to other countries in the coming months.

            In addition to it, companies and households in the US are deeper in debt now than they were in SARS. For instance, in America, non-financial corporate debt of organisations is approximately 10 trillion dollars. In 2003, this debt was only 4.8 trillion dollars (Atkeson, 2020).

            Disruptions to supply chains are one of the most significant and clearest impacts of the coronavirus. Looking closely at international supply chains, significant disruptions have already been caused, with manufacturers in the US forced to decrease manufacturing and production in their plants. These disruptions have spread further. Economic activity has been reduced because workers are unable to work. This widening of disruptions has caused the US firms to alternate products from different nations for the missing Chinese inputs. Due to these disruptions, US organisations are not able to finish their production and therefore, they cannot bring their products to consumers. It results in reduced growth and activity of economy.

            With the spread of coronavirus, the US economy has also experienced a decrease in demand. It has resulted in significant reduction in revenues for businesses because of overall impact on the economy. Two separate concepts and effects must be considered. First of all, people are purchasing less services and products as they fear being exposed to the coronavirus. For example, in the US, they are less willing to eat outdoors and travel. Due to it, hotels and air travel industry have both experienced significant declines in their sales and revenues. There is also a lessened demand for beverage and food. Secondly, when organisations are forced to shut down, workers are more likely to receive less money than they get, and in some cases, they will receive no salary at all. Consequently, they spend less and it contributes to the already lessened demand. It is important to note that since air travels have been restricted, Chinese tourists are unable to visit the US. Due to it, the US has experienced a loss of 10.3 billion dollars. US exporters are finding it difficult than ever to sell their wares, which again contributes to the loss in number of jobs and growth (Dey & Loewenstein, 2020).

            As much as experts and economist think about taking risks as the driver for an economy, it only seems to work when the risks are known. However, uncertainties and unknown risks are capable of having a more paralyzing impact on the economy. The current domestic economy of the US is already exhibiting high uncertainty. Conflicting regulation policies and political polarisation have led organisations thinking twice before they expand or invest. This uncertainty is capable of affecting market participants, households, and businesses. In addition to it, interest rates in the US have recently decreased to historic lows due to the rising economic uncertainty.

The Treasury yield has decreased to 1.50 percent from 1.69 percent. In March, it has become even lower than 1. This dramatic decrease demands that the Congress and White House must do something. The yield rate clearly reflects the instability and uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Meanwhile, prices on bonds seem to reflect the likelihood of a recession. Short-term rates of interest are higher than the long-term ones and it is the opposite of what usually occurs in normal times. Typically, such inversions are an indication that financial markets are worrying about long-term outlooks for growth and economy. Financial markets are seeing an increasing risk of economic recession (Nicola, et al., 2020).

In this article it has been mentioned by Gormsen, Joachim (2020), that some of the economist thinks about taking risk as the main element of the economy and it has only been works if the risk is in increased form. Despite from this unwanted risks or dissimilarities will have the huge and more paralyzing effect. Moreover, the recent situation of America’s public economy along with their strong labour market and consuming level but concerningly with decreased expansion and investment which exhibits the high sense of dissimilarity. In this regard the political polarization and some of the contradictory policies on regulation which will move toward the organization to think twofold while (Gormsen, Joachim, & Koijen, 2020)enhancing and investing. Both the worldly and U.S economy index which has been developed by some of the economist. Moreover, the effect of corona virus has a common thing which is linked with the financial crisis of 2008 mainly with unknown magnitude. There were some of the uncertainties has been presented which is related with the scale of the virus and some of the contagion rate, morality rates and risk of events and many other things. The normal online deception and swirl of conspiracy theories, there were some of the questions has been raised up which is related with the perfection of the health statistics which has been come from China.

Some of the David, Maria (2020), suggested that in 2019 there had been some of the worries which is related with the impact of US-China trade war on the global economy. One of these accounts, in this IMF has been predicted the normal growth of GDP which is almost 3.4 percent. In this regard the Air transportation company said that they were lost almost 13 billion US dollars from the outbreak of corona virus. As well as the IMF reduced the forecast of growth for the economy as the outburst of COVID-19 and their projection has been taken within serious doubt. (Altig, Joes, & Nicholas , 2020)Moreover, the tourism industry of unites states was highly affected with the epidemic as all of the travelling activities has been suspended such as cancellation of hotel, cancellation of booking flights and cancellation of national and international events for unknown time and in this regard the huge loss have to be bear by economy of country. Moreover, the flow of goods which has been done through universal supply chain merely decreased and significant orders has been cancelled by main factories within the country.  

Maria, Zaid, (2020), recommended that as it has been observed that more than 2 million individuals have been infected from COVD-19 in the world. The officials of united states have been moving to hold the spread of disease and on the other side federal government has also been contending with unparalleled and dramatic toll which the epidemic have on the U.S economy. It has been said that almost 22 million American residents have been registered for the benefits which has been given by government to the unemployed families.  It is obvious that the amount of interference is quite remarkable. Moreover, the quantity of federal reserve’s (Nicola, Zaid , & Catrin , The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus and covid-19 pandemic:

 A review, 2020) intervention has been still presented increased than ECB and their promptness to be behave within the market and it has now become more greater comparison with the ECB. There were some of the supply shock has also been presented. In the previous days every thing has been running smoothly but when the virus has come and become intense the officials of the country has been decided shut down the economy. It has been done because the governments disheartened and then forbidden the individuals to do work.

According to Arun, (2020), it has been mentioned that COVID-19 has been impacted on business, communities and firms internationally and it also effect the financial market and worldwide economy. As well as the uncoordinated governmental replies and lockdowns which has been move toward the commotion in the supply by some of the Chinese factories, whereas in the quarantine and in the limitations of lockdown has been reduced the production of supply chain as well as some of the policies which is related with demand and consumption has also lessen their services and products mainly. (Ozili & Arun, 2020)As corona virus has been advancing to affect the rest of the world, but now it has been viewed that china would started to recover rapidly the other’s and has been empowering their trade transferring power toward U.S.A. moreover, in the America’s stock market the index which has been measured that the performance of stock of more than 500 greatest companies of American stock exchange has been fell dramatically until the government secured the aid regarding to corona virus. Furthermore, there is a great decline has been viewed in the American stock market has been aggravated an instable atmosphere with the complex liquidity levels.

In this article it has been stated by Nuno (2020), that the outbreak of virus has been caused due to the pandemic of respiratory infection and for this vaccines and medical treatment is unavailable. The outburst can also cause main concerns which is relate with some of the economic consequences and as in the form of household they have been needed to stay home to reduce the spread of virus. Moreover, the impact has been pausing the economy which might not hold supply chain and financial consistency of various organizations and also in the financial sectors. (Fernandes, 2020)

As well as the recent condition has been unparalleled and growing faster and it has been utilizing some of the models which utilize macro-economic fundamentals might miss some of the main forces which might be too decrease to update the provided frequency. As well as the abnormal decline has been enhanced the calls for action which has been made from white house to do something. Whereas, price in bonds with the variety of maturities reflect an expand probability of downturn. Financial markets now observe developed threat of a recession. The corona virus puts the spotlight on the policy makers to hostage the hazard of the virus in fast and positive and efficient way.

            In this article it has been mentioned by Viktor, Utkovski (2020), that the main risk which is related with the economy id the health crisis which has been escorted by financial crisis. As well as the instant negative impact of COVID-19 on GDP has likely to be far more considerable and had been subprime crisis of 2008. As well as the length of time that the corona crisis suspends the economy would be evaluated by their financial effects. The crisis of 2008 has been produced numerous years of (Stojkoski, Zoran , & Petar , 2020)lower development because of great financial commotion which has been attained as in the form that banks has been suffered loss and cut back loaning mainly the driver expansion as a consequence.

Moreover, it is simple to imagine the ways that the corona disasters would have a same financial effect. As well as customers and business would be default on loans. As well as financial markets have been expecting the default rate of great corporation to enhance to. In the American banks they have been exploited than they were in 2008. The Federal Reserve has already walked in to offer supplementary fluidity to financial markets, but it might have to do more to keep recognition obtainable to organizations and persons.

According to Mehrbakhsh, (2020), it has been recommended that national and international replies has been required and America has the power and experts to manage the both situation at one time. In the situation of crisis U.S.A have been established that it will be act conclusively at home. As well as these both replies had the significant then as they are now and pandemic but also for the great threats such as climate change and some of the antibiotic’s resistance and cyber-attacks. In this regard American could not be save their selves in isolation. Emphasis innermost at the expense of exterior engagements estranges others and destabilises the political good would require to find combine solutions to our general problems. (Ahani & Mehrbakhsh , 2020)domestic and universal required to give hand to hand. The officials of united states have been moving to hold the spread of disease and on the other side federal government has also been contending with unparalleled and dramatic toll which the epidemic have on the U.S economy. It has been said that almost 22 million American residents have been registered for the benefits which has been given by government to the unemployed families.  It is obvious that the amount of interference is quite remarkable.

            According to the author, this paper is discussing important information about the economic effects of coronavirus outbreak. This paper is also discussing its impact on the US economy. In the start, there is some information about the Global recession. Moreover, there is some comprehensive information is given by the author about its impact on the economy of world and USA.

Moreover, its impact to the local and global market is also analysed. For that case, there is complete information about the estimated GDP values of the several countries. Furthermore, this paper is also discussing the economic impact of this disease across different industries. It can be noted that due to market shutdown. There are different kind of problems arise. Every government wanted to stop the spread of this disease so many countries moves towards market shut down. Due to this, the GDP value of the important markets goes down and economy of many countries was affected (Nuno Fernandes, 2020).

            In this paper, authors talked about the coronavirus perceptions and economic anxiety in different parts of the world. It can be noted that due to this problem, many countries are affected badly in terms of economic problems. These coronavirus crisis are enhancing long term economic downturn. For that case, the author had used Google search activity and also survey data for analysing the impact of such economic anxiety in the USA. For checking the impact of this disease on the USA economy. The author had conducted the survey and analysed the response of the respondents. It can be noted that this information is providing comprehensive information on the role of public education. It is showing that it is playing a central role by managing the negative impact of the economy and increase in anxiety. Moreover, the author had shown some graphs and tables for analysing the economic impact on the USA.

It is also showing that there is rapid increase in the economy anxiety, after and during the initial global spreading of this virus. Another thing is that author had also documented the rise in economy anxieties through survey and google searches data properly. The author had shown some graphs related to the economic anxiety in USA (Fetzer & Lukas Hensel, 2020).

This paper discusses the Global economy infected by coronavirus. This paper, starts with the history of this virus and then gave proper information about is impact on the global market. The outburst can also cause main concerns which is relate with some of the economic consequences and as in the form of household they have been needed to stay home to reduce the spread of virus The author also provide us complete information about the response of USA market just after the outbreak of this virus. It is showing that due to mechanical models of recession the risks are increasing dynamically.

 Moreover, the author had also define the three main categories of recession just after the coronavirus. The first one is real recession, second one is policy recession and third one deals with financial crisis around the world. Furthermore, author had also suggested the recovery path for the global recession after this disease (Carlsson-Szlezak & Martin Reeves, 2020).

Conclusion of Coronavirus and the US Economy

            The coronavirus pandemic seems to put spotlight on government and policymakers for countering its risks in an effective, constructive, and quick manner for helping businesses in recovering and begin operating to contribute to the growth of economy. It is imperative for them to remain calm and take necessary steps for ensuring that disruptions to individual businesses, workers, and sectors that will affect the economy due to its interconnectedness are minimised while not adversely influencing efforts for dealing with the pandemic. In this it has been concluded that the COVID-19 would mainly form economic losses with supply chain, financial market, demand, household, business investment and international trade as well. In this some of the economist have been utilizing the SARS epidemic to put corona virus outburst in content. In the era of 2003, the epidemic of SARS has been estimated to have 0.5 percent to 1 percent off on the growth of china which merely cost the universal economy which is almost 40 billion which has been taken as to be 0.1 percent from the from the general GDP.

As much as experts and economist think about taking risks as the driver for an economy, it only seems to work when the risks are known. However, uncertainties and unknown risks are capable of having a more paralyzing impact on the economy. The current domestic economy of the US is already exhibiting high uncertainty. Conflicting regulation policies and political polarisation have led organisations thinking twice before they expand or invest. As corona virus has been advancing to affect the rest of the world, but now it has been viewed that china would started to recover rapidly the other’s and has been empowering their trade transferring power toward U.S.A. moreover, in the America’s stock market the index which has been measured that the performance of stock of more than 500 greatest companies of American stock exchange has been fell dramatically until the government secured the aid regarding to corona virus.

For assessing the possible effect of the coronavirus on the US economy, it is critical not only to consider the coronavirus’s epidemiological profile but also the ways that governments, businesses, and consumers might respond to it. The coronavirus will directly shape and alter economic losses through financial markets, demand, and supply chains, affecting household consumption, international trade, and business investment. It will do so through the introduction of high uncertainty and in traditional supply-and-demand ways. . It has been said that almost 22 million American residents have been registered for the benefits which has been given by government to the unemployed families.  It is obvious that the amount of interference is quite remarkable. Moreover, the quantity of federal reserve’s intervention has been still presented increased than ECB and their promptness to be behave within the market and it has now become more greater comparison with the ECB.

Recommendations of Coronavirus and the US Economy

There are some recommendations that must be considered for countering the impact of pandemic on the US economy:

·         First of all, it is important for the Trump administration to find one voice and stop contributing to the confusion. Additionally, administration should stop targeting the programmes that are required by Americans such as SNAP, public health insurance, and paid leave. Decisive and clear support should be articulated for containing the outbreak and minimising harms while ensuring investments in emergency preparedness and public health.

·         Regulators and the federal government must monitor financial markets for preparing for credit events and market stress.

·         Instead of further proposing cuts in tax, businesses should be provided with small loans and the opportunity to build their presence virtually. It will help in ensuring that only corporations are not being benefitted from the cuts in tax and provide businesses with a breakthrough that they need to continue existing in the market and contributing to the recovery of economy.

·         Lastly, the US should ensure that its supply chain is not affected adversely by targeting nations in which it has had low involvement in the past years such as Pakistan and India. Trading with these nations will help it in ensuring a sustainable supply chain.

References of Coronavirus and the US Economy

Ahani, A., & Mehrbakhsh , N. (2020). Coronavirus outbreak and its impacts on global economy: the role of social network sites. Journal of Soft Computing and Decision Support Systems, 19-22.

Altig, D., Joes, M. B., & Nicholas , B. (2020). American Firms Foresee a Huge Negative Impact of the Coronavirus. springer.

Atkeson, A. (2020). What will be the economic impact of COVID-19 in the US? Rough estimates of disease scenarios. National Bureau of Economic Research.

Baker, S., & Nicholas , B. (2020). Covid-induced economic uncertainty. National Bureau of Economic Research.

Bartik, T., & Brad , H. J. (2020). Coronavirus and the Economy. Employment Research Newsletter.

Carlsson-Szlezak, P., & Martin Reeves, a. P. (2020). What coronavirus could mean for the global economy. Harvard Business Review 3.

Dey, M., & Loewenstein, M. A. (2020). How many workers are employed in sectors directly affected by COVID-19 shutdowns, where do they work, and how much do they earn? Monthly Labor Review.

Dolbneva, D. V. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 on the World's Economies. Problemi Ekonomiki, 1(43), 20-26.

Fernandes, N. (2020). Economic effects of coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) on the world economy. Available at SSRN 3557504 .

Fetzer, T., & Lukas Hensel, J. H. (2020). Coronavirus perceptions and economic anxiety. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.03848.

Fetzer, T., Lukas , H., & Johannes , H. (2020). Coronavirus perceptions and economic anxiety. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.03848.

Gormsen, N., Joachim, & Koijen, R. S. (2020). Coronavirus: Impact on stock prices and growth expectations. University of Chicago, Becker Friedman Institute for Economics Working Paper.

Health.gov.au. (2019). IMPACT OF COVID-19 Theoretical modelling of how the health system can respond. Retrieved from https://www.health.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/2020/04/impact-of-covid-19-in-australia-ensuring-the-health-system-can-respond-summary-report.pdf

Jayasuriya, K. (2020, April 24). Covid-19 has revealed a crisis in Australian HE governance. Retrieved from https://www.timeshighereducation.com/blog/covid-19-has-revealed-crisis-australian-he-governance

Karabag, S. F. (2020). An unprecedented global crisis! the global, regional, national, political, economic and commercial impact of the coronavirus pandemic. Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research, 10(1), 1-6.

Leiva, L., & Gabriel , P. Q. (2020). Real-Time Weakness of the Global Economy: A First Assessment of the Coronavirus Crisis. springer.

Mousina, D. (2020, April 21). Econosights: The impact of Covid-19 on the Australian labour market. Retrieved from https://www.ampcapital.com/au/en/insights-hub/articles/2020/april/econosights-the-impact-of-covid19-on-the-australian-labour-market

Nicola, M., Alsafi, Z., Sohrabi, C., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., Iosifidis, C., . . . Agha, R. (2020). The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus and covid-19 pandemic: A review. International Journal of Surgery.

Nicola, M., Zaid , A., & Catrin , S. (2020). The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus and covid-19 pandemic: A review. International Journal of Surgery .

Nuno Fernandes. (2020). Economic effects of coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) on the world economy. Available at SSRN 3557504.

Ozili, & Arun. (2020). Spillover of COVID-19: impact on the Global Economy. Available at SSRN 3562570.

Pwc.com.au. (2020). The possible economic consequences of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Retrieved from https://www.pwc.com.au/publications/australia-matters/economic-consequences-coronavirus-COVID-19-pandemic.pdf

Retail, P. (2020, March 25). The Impact of COVID-19 on Online Retailers Across Australia. Retrieved from https://powerretail.com.au/in-focus/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-online-retailers-across-australia/

Schwab, P. N. (2020, April 20). 9 concrete impacts of COVID19 on the future of the food retail sector. Retrieved from https://www.intotheminds.com/blog/en/covid-19-impact-food-retail/

Stojkoski, V., Zoran , U., & Petar , J. (2020). The socio-economic determinants of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.". arXiv preprint arXiv:2004.07947.

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