Report on Research methods of Improving PSC performance using a risk-based approach

In general, there are two types of research techniques or methods which are utilised for conducting research including qualitative and quantitative methods. Usually, qualitative methods include literature reviews and case studies and they are also referred to as secondary methods. Meanwhile, quantitative or primary techniques include different methods such surveys and interviews for the collection of data. In this research, only qualitative methods have been chosen due to the nature and the aims of the research. Actually, the secondary techniques which are considered in this study include case studies and literature review.

Although only a single technique could also be utilised or considered for the collection of information, two techniques are chosen to strengthen the research. Literature review is a strong technique in itself but it is complimented by studying case studies as well for the collection of information. In this manner, it is ensured that any gap which is left out by literature review is covered by case studies (Bryman, 2017).

Qualitative type of research methods are used in order to conduct this research study, and a qualitative research method is a good option for analysing the importance of the personal-finance in generally and particularly for any company. Qualitative research methods lead to concept theories and reteach articles, diaries, and books. This research, the focus is also on the qualitative research on the organization and personal information, which is being conducted research by the researchers, but the Literature review is being focused on the internal audit. Hence that would be the examination for the qualitative research. The interpretations and words are being focused on the research methodology in this study why personal finance is important. In a research paper, an explanation and description are provided.

Research Instruments of Improving PSC performance using a risk-based approach

The self-generated questionnaire is used as a research instrument in this study. This questionnaire is generated by considering the research objectives. The questions are developed in easy English language by considering the respondents' perceptions and their comfort zone.  The results of the different questions and observations have helped to understand the effects of the management on the internal auditing systems. Answers have been collected from the questions through emails and posts. All of the answers are attained by the personal visit or meeting to the places of respondents.  Mostly the results are compiled on the answers to the questions related to the financial performance of the respondents.

This questionnaire is particularly designed for conducting the interviews from the participants who are the experts of the European and Greek shipping industry. These are the ten experts who are performing their roles in various industries in effective manners. The interview is the good approach to know about the reviews of the respondents for nat particular reason or problems. By conducting the interviews the various strategies can be observed in the practical life of the shipping industry to improve PSC performance using a risk based approach. These experts of the shipping industry can explain their views in effective manners.  

Sampling and population of Improving PSC performance using a risk-based approach

The sampling is considered as the methods which alludes the researchers to conclude the information related population that is based upon the results from the subset of the populations. In the research study, the reductions of the numbers of the individuals can reduce the cost of the work load. The professionals of the shipping industry are taken as the sample in this study.  The shipping industry professionals are those individuals of companies that qualified in different areas related to the working in this industry. Moreover, this is vital to reflect the selection of the employees in the research. For this research work, only those experts have been selected who have a good idea about the PSC.  The experts who were participating in this research work were very professional and focused so that they can observe the activities of the organizations and have guts to provide views about activities of the PSC as well. The secondary research is done by the observation and analysis of the primary data collected by the researches. For said research, the respondents are selected from various backgrounds and perspectives. The sample is 10 respondents and all of these respondents are the experts of the shipping industry that are playing their duties in relevant field in good ways.

The strategies of data sampling for literature reviews and interviews are different from each other. For instance, in the case of interviews, 10 officials of the maritime industry have been selected. Meanwhile, for conducting the literature review, a specific criterion was selected. For instance, only relevant journal articles were selected which contained information about maritime safety. Other journal articles were not chosen which didn’t have the required data. In addition to it, relevant keywords were utilized for researching and finding these journal articles. Only these sampling techniques are considered in this research for constructing the arguments, answering the research questions, and accomplishing the research objectives (Taherdoost).  

Data analysis techniques of Improving PSC performance using a risk-based approach

In order to analyse the data in the said study first of all literature review has been conducted on this particular topic in which the reviews of the numerous authors has been explored in effective manners. This study explores this view in good ways. After collecting the authentic literature review on the particular topic it has been written along with particular citations and working of the several authors. After that interview has been collected from the ten experts who are performing their duties in shipping industry.  The reviews of these experts have been collected on PSC. Than these reviews will be compared with the literature reviews that is conducted by discussing the studies of the various authors. It means theoretical reviews will compares with practical lives of the shipping industry for improving performance by using risk based approach. The comparative analysis is the good ways to explain and explores the views on particular topic.   

Research limitations of Improving PSC performance using a risk-based approach

The said research is only confined for the one state of the GREECE regions. There are the numerous factors that distract and attract the respondents towards the particular survey. Due to these factors the environments of the shipping industry can affect in as well. The said research study is conducted only from the professionals of the various companies. Therefore; the literature review discusses the details of the effeteness of the PSC in global economy in good ways. It means there is a limitation for the research methods in this study because only qualitative is utilized in this study.  The research study is limited to the theories and theoretical perspectives. No kinds of the numerical values and figures are included in this study. Even it can be said that this research study is based upon the reviews of the various authors who are working in shipping industry. The performance will be measured by using the risk based approach only for the shipping industry.  The subject of this study is only shipping industry along with its experts and professionals who are working in this industry.

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