This research is focusing on future developments observed with regards to everyday phone batteries. The focus is given to various types of batteries, which have been used for mobile phones such as Lithium-ion, being the most popular battery in this regard. A detailed literature review is conducted to see the overall development of mobile phone batteries until the recent progress, which is made in this field. After analyzing and discussing the literature, it was found that Lithium-ion will remain to be the most common form of battery, and it can be made more affordable and safe to use by conducting more research to find new opportunities.

Introduction of Future Developments of Everyday Phone Batteries

The research is about the future development of phone batteries; the battery is one of the significant parts of mobile or the tablet. The tablets and mobile phones these days come by the various kinds of batteries, and, their quality which also decides how much amount of energy could also store. Thus how the devices operated by the single charged. Lithium-ion is the most popular and older technology for mobile phone batteries. It only a real drawback for the Lithium-Ion mobile phone battery is that it’s very expensive. Therefore they also have a higher energy density as compared to the Lithium Polymer (Jha, 2018).

The batteries are considered the most expensive elements in electric vehicles. The leasing program is used to increase the efficiency in the performance with some benefits. (Ehsani, Gao, & Gay, 2003). These components and topologies could be beneficial in the future to overcome the pollution from the environment. It’s predicted that the prices will fall and the power of the batteries could be used as enough capacity to work in the specific task. The penetration in the market could also overcome the risk of battery life, which is used in alternative ways to generate power.

Lithium-ion is also dominated by consumer electronics like the rechargeable battery of the choice of the year. This type of batteries are also selected through the device manufacturer for the high cycle life and high energy capacity and it can also be changed and discharged by various times without the degrading. The Lithium-ion technology has not changed in the 20 years which despite the thinning and shrinking of the mobile factor devices and also increase the software complexity (McGlynn, 2018).

Literature review of Future Developments of Everyday Phone Batteries

According to the author Wu et al (2020), it is conducted about the next generation of Lithium-ion batteries. The excessive and continuous nature of reserves also caused the serve environmental pollution which is not mentioned in the depletion of resources. As compared to the nickel-metal hydride, lead-acid and the Lithium-ion battery is reviewed like the promising devices of electrochemical energy storage. The low reduction potential is very easy accommodation along with the fast mobility of Li-ion battery (Wu et al , 2020).

Addiction to mobile phone of Future Developments of Everyday Phone Batteries

Ahmed, Qazi, and Perji (2011) in their study set out to determine the usage pattern of mobile among the youth. The objective of the researchers was all about identifying the extent of the addictive Behavior of youngsters and its effect on the usage. They selected a random sample of four-hundred students for this research. It was established by the authors that most respondents are capable of establishing their priorities between commitments and responsibilities in their usage of mobile phones. Extreme addiction to the use of mobile phones is not manifested by many students. The respondents in the effect were able to use mobile phones reasonably while not developing extreme behaviours of addiction. It is implied by the results of this study that even though addiction to mobile phones is widespread, it is a manageable and controllable phenomenon. Furthermore, the users of mobile phones are not as prone to addiction as it is expected by society. Actually, it is possible for the users to control their use of the mobile phone for covering only the most essential needs of mobile phone (Ahmed, Qazi, & Perji, 2011).

In their study, Hooper and Zhou (2007) evaluated the claims that the usage of mobile phones is addictive, especially categorizing the use of mobile phones according to the underlying purposes or motivations. The considered underlying motivations were: mandatory, voluntary, habitual, dependent, compulsive, and addictive. The authors, in general, concluded that behaviour can easily be defined into a certain type, even when there is strong support for categorizing the use of the mobile phone as a mandatory and voluntary behaviour and not a habitual or addictive behaviour. The selected topic is also specific as it seems to discuss the motivations which drive the usage of a cell phone. This study is a theoretical one as it aims to discuss related concepts and various motivations which help in explaining the reasons behind the usage of cell phone (Hooper & Zhou, 2007). Motivations are also theoretical concepts with the objective to explain the behaviour and not just the usage of the cell phone but also the behaviour.

Discussion of Future Developments of Everyday Phone Batteries
Current and the next generation of Li-batteries for cell phone applications

It is mentioned that batteries which consist of lithium-ion, are viewed as to be temper. Furthermore, Li-ion battery holds the power which is made up of four of the elements which are as follows: cathode, anode, separator, and electrolyte. In the situation of metal lithium which is obtained as in the form of the cathode and their chemical reaction in lithium along with lithium when it comes within the connection of electrolyte which creates the characteristics of batteries. Moreover, it will also be significant to note that lithium itself has a highly inconsistent component when it is utilized within the apparatus of battery. However, the mixture of oxygen and lithium altogether, and it is been known as lithium oxide which is utilized as cathode for practical goals, and it has happened because lithium oxide is more consistent composite and as different to the lithium component.

It was also mentioned that cathode is playing the most significant and greatest role in evaluating the characteristics of the battery. So, both capacity and battery and voltage also have been evaluated with the active type of coted material which is presented on the cathode. Furthermore, the active material in this situation holds lithium ions. And the increased number of ions and the great capacity and the higher diversification within the strength among anode and cathode and in the increasing the voltage. The lithium-ion battery utilizes the separator for the separation of cathode form anode because it has not only been the latest but the security of the whole system will have cooperated.

Despite, it is said that rechargeable lithium-ion battery has mainly be introduced as in the form of commercially feasible product and it is presented by Sony association in the era of 1990s. In this regard, it is said that since from that time lithium-ion technology is mature with the point of controlling the customer’s electronics market. Furthermore, it can also be said that these batteries have now been available in the moveable electronic devices which were modified the way of living which is also spent by humans to communicate with each other. Moreover, it is more apparent than with the great powerful and tough abilities of the recent cellular phones and it is estimated at almost 7 billion payments all over the world. And there are some of the unqualified achievements and upcoming promises of lithium-ion batteries that are indorsed in the energy resource abilities of lithium-ion.

Furthermore, the success of lithium-ion batteries among customers’ electronics and also in the transportation applications has significantly more demanding within the terms of metrics of battery which is mainly be safe and cost-effective. And it is mentioned that lithium battery is based on two of the components anode ad cathode and it also involves some of the electric parameters such as electro liquidity and it is attained as a whole. The overall agreement is referred to as to be the cathode and positive electrode which is the anode and the electrode is taken as a lithoid charge. In this regard, there are some of the factors, which are presented in the world of batteries and safety, expense, power, and energy. These differences almost against every work and in this amount of cooperation might be settled within the provided applications. For safety purposes, transportation, and expense which are the main concerns along with little room for consistency.

It is also said that cathode materials have been involved in most of the attention. In addition, it is observed that there are some of the problems have also been observed in the electrode which is delaying their influence within the automotive implementations. It is discussed that the Li 2 MnO elements and the materials should be charged and this process is known as activation. Moreover, the activation of the material and it is regulated by the cycle of high voltage. As it is accomplished above that lithium-ion batteries have been available in all sizes and shapes and it is condensed them to be the accurate selection for which is required irrespective of the size of the system. With this, it is stated that batteries provide power solutions across the variety from the storage of energy solutions to moveable energy solutions. Some of the most obvious applications of lithium battery are as follow:

 Power backup

 Laptops, mobile, and some of the other commonly utilized electronics goods.

 Energy storage system

 Electric mobility

As all of the above stated applications and their usage for the battery and it is coming with various kinds of packaging. In the analysis of the cell phone application the selected battery is Lithium ion battery;

Power is given to the vehicle from side to side this part, made up of different cells. It is considered as the central power source. They are level for bigger surface region bringing about a more prominent transfer of heat. The physical size and the number of batteries in a module depending on the necessities. Battery heating in addition to battery cooling is two standard arrangements disengaging the warm administration framework (Kularatna). For keeping up the ideal temperature extend for expanding battery execution and battery life, cooling and heating are vital. A basic example is watched for the majority of the batteries release time i.e. restrict increases as temperature goes past 250 C and declines as the temperature falls underneath 250 C.

Figure Li ion Battery of Future Developments of Everyday Phone Batteries

Individual the metallic component is lightest, lithium manufacture high voltage when dissimilarity when evaluating with the standard hydrogen electrode. The working of the battery depends on the thermal behavior and excessive use of heat exchanger. The natural convection of the heat in the experiment reached 5^0 C. The temperature difference reached the higher convection and the 3D model was used for the thermal model of the battery (Liu, Yang, Guo, & Deng, 2015). The results of the analysis are based on the process to develop the temperature control systems and to design the thermal management systems. The simulated results demonstrate the proposed thermal management system to improve the performance of the battery. The system improves the performance of battery up to 58.4% and reliability is compromised for the existing thermal management. Lithium-ion batteries are recognized in the market allowing for its favorable conditions over different sorts of battery innovation.

· Improved cycle life

· self-discharge is higher

· energy density is higher

· voltage per cell is higher

· Lower self-discharge

· Methods for Simple charging

· Friendly Environment

· Battery management should be simple

Thermodynamics of Battery Cell of Future Developments of Everyday Phone Batteries

Different form of the cell is given below

Figure: Battery technology

How charge time improves of Future Developments of Everyday Phone Batteries

It is said that mobile phones mainly be utilized for more than having calls and messages and it has also progressed within all of the entertainment devices. The smartphones have been played videos, games and music and it might also involve light and fast web browsing and the vigorous app library. While using some of these features for more than hours and then the battery of the phone which is charged might be not last than a day. It could be said that life can be out from the phone by charging in the right way and altering some of the power-hungry settings.

There has more liquid within the smartphone battery than the proportion showed recommended, but if persons are cast-off that fluid, you’d end up histrionically dropping the general lifecycle of the cordless. At the bottom of this issue has a slight trade-off frolicked by constructers. And Enhancing the accessible charge within a mobile decrease the number of times that battery could be charged and liquidated without being injured inside. Furthermore, for the development of batteries which is preceding for hundreds or thousands of charge sequences, producers place restrictions on the quantity of fluid that batteries can liberation. Moreover, it can also be said that there is a requirement is to get aware a little about how batteries have been working. The gourmands of most lithium-ion batteries, such as the one within smartphones, laptops, and electric cars, have been made from two of the layers: likewise, one is created from lithium cobalt oxide and the other of graphite. In this regard, the energy is released when lithium ions shift from the layer of graphite to the lithium cobalt oxide layer. When anyone charge the battery up, then they have simply been moving those all of the lithium ions back the other path – out of the lithium cobalt oxide layer and vertebral to the graphite.

Not all phone steeds have been shaped similarly, and that would have a destructive consequence on the life of the phone’s battery. Mounts have all categories of pedals that perimeter the sum of latest delivered and stop it accusing while the battery has full, but some off-brand stallions may not have such difficult safety surroundings. If everything, charging a slightly more gradually has possibly good for batteries. This energy can be moved back to those lithium ions again and have been detecting a theme here. Moreover, the slow one can charge a battery, the fewer straining has been put-on lithium ions, and the constructions compliant them, and the fewer possible impairment to the battery-operated. This is the reason for the builder’s place confines on strategies so they did not charge too quickly. Previously the lithium-ion cordless became omnipresent, the nickel notes iron hydride battery had been the rechargeable battery of option. In those batteries, it had been unbearable to get a perfect reading of the battery charge level without completely liquidating and then renewing the battery. In Lithium-ion batteries, that’s no lengthier the circumstance. Modern batteries have the ability to read their national no substance their side by side of charge, and when the device has not in use the stress on the battery has almost the similar as if it had been off, all in all, so one should not be providing the battery much of a disruption if they have been twisted it off besides.

Battery charging time

How service life improves of Future Developments of Everyday Phone Batteries

The battery of the mobile phone is made up of anode, cathode, separator, electrolyte along with the other two current collectors as well that are positive and negative. Anode and cathode are the parts that help to store the lithium. The electrolyte is the part that all of the positively charged lithium ions starting from the anode side towards the cathode and this process also takes place in the vice versa form by the help of the separator. The complete flow of the lithium helps out the different kinds of the ions for the creation of free electrons in the anode which helps out to create the charge at the positive side of the current collector. Electrical current further flows through the current collector from the device that is being powered in the cell phones to the negative side of a current collector. The separator is the one that blocks the complete flow of different electrons inside the battery. Then moment when the battery is discharging and providing out an electric current all of the anode start releasing the lithium ions to the side of the cathode by the generation of the overall flow to the different electrons starting from one side to the other one (Zhang Q. C., 2018). Two very common concepts that are linked with the batteries are called energy density and power density as well. Energy density is the one that is being measured in the watt-hours per kilogram and their unit (Wh/kg) and this is the amount of energy that the battery can store with respect to its mass. Power density is the one that is being measured in watts per kilogram (W/kg) and this is the amount of power which can get generated by the help of battery in respect to its mass. (Liu, 2017)

Battery life

How safety of cell phone battery can be improved.

This is much harder to replace out the lithium-ion battery of a mobile phone in comparison to treating it right after in the first place. There are much different kinds of mobile phones that don’t provide any of the easy user access to all of their batteries. This all includes the iPhone along with different android phones as well even from the brands like a galaxy. (Zhang, 2018)

But there is nothing to worry about because there is a solution to the problem through which one can completely take care of their mobile phone batteries and can also increase their life span. By the word lifespan here I mean that for how many years and months the battery of the mobile phone will last before this needs to be replaced. In its contrast, battery life also refers to the point that for how many hours or even days the phone will last by a single charge.

Well below mentioned are some of the amazing tips that will definitely help you out in keeping your mobile phone’s battery to work for the longer time duration:

1. Avoid the extremes of heat and cold:

If a person has a mobile phone and it starts getting hot quickly or in another case if it starts getting even cold quickly then this can strain out the battery and the lifespan can become much shorter. Leaving out the mobile phone in a car is known to be one of the worst scenarios and that would result in something really bad for the mobile phone along with its batter as well. Leaving a mobile phone in hot summer days or even when it’s freezing cold outside, both conditions are not considered to be really safe. (Harjula, 2016)

2. Avoid charging mobile really fast:

Charging out the mobile phone in a quick or fast way stress out the battery immediately. Always try to avoid charging out the mobile phone quickly as it destroys the battery really quickly. In fact, this is true that as slow as the battery gets charged the safe it remains, so always try to charge the mobile phone slowly. (Yang, 2018)

3. Try to avoid draining the mobile phone battery to 0% or even charging it completely to 100% as well:

In the past time when mobile used to be old, their batteries also had a better memory. It used to be considered good for the batteries of those mobile phones to drain out their batteries completely and then charge them till maximum as the things used to be in its favor.

But if we look at the present era and the mobile phones that we use these days, they work in a different way and so is their battery. Completely draining out the battery to 0% or even overcharging it till 100% would definitely cause a huge impact and stress on the batteries of the mobile phones. Phone batteries of these days are happiest if they are being charged when above 20% and the charger is being removed off when the battery point reached 90%. In the short form, the batteries remain happy when they are around the capacity of 50%. (Maleki, 2017)

4. Turn off the screen brightness:

The screen of the smartphone is one of the components that use out most of the battery. Turning down the battery of screen brightness will definitely save the energy to much extent. using out the technique of auto-brightness will probably save out the battery for most of the people through reducing out the brightness automatically when the light is less outside, there is no doubt in it that it does involve the more work for the sake of light sensor. (Sarker, 2019)

One of the most important things that definitely will save out for most of the battery in such an area would be to manage it out manually.

So to make sure that the phone keeps on working for the long time period it is very essential or important to make sure that the battery remains safe from the small things that we neglect then completely and as a result because of the battery problems, mobile start having different issues. So if things are being considered carefully one can use the mobile phone for a longer time period.

Conclusion of Future Developments of Everyday Phone Batteries

Summing up all the discussion it is concluded that the report is about the future development of the Mobile phone batteries. In this report, the past, present, and future trends of the Lithium battery is explained in the context of the mobile phone application. Lithium-Ion is the most popular and older technology of the mobile phone batteries. Lithium-Ion mobile phone battery is very expensive. And therefore the how to improve the battery charged time, and services life of the battery. The safety of the mobile phone battery can also be improved.

References of Future Developments of Everyday Phone Batteries

Ahmed, I., Qazi, T. F., & Perji, K. A. (2011). Mobile phone to youngsters: Necessity or addiction. African Journal of Business Management, 5(32), 12512-12519.

Ehsani, M., Gao, Y., & Gay, S. (2003). Characterization of electric motor drives for traction applications. In IECON'03. 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IEEE Cat. No. 03CH37468) (Vol. 1, pp. 891-896). IEEE.

Harjula, E. G. (2016). Energy-aware load monitoring for improving battery life of mobile peer-to-peer nodes. 43-54.

Hooper, V., & Zhou, Y. (2007). Addictive, dependent, compulsive? A study of mobile phone usage. BLED 2007 Proceedings .

Jha, N. (2018, August 16). Understanding cell phone batteries. Retrieved from https://www.themobileindian.com/news/understanding-cell-phone-batteries-5168

Kularatna, N. (n.d.). Rechargeable Batteries and Their Management.

Liu, W. N. (2017). Optimal planning of battery energy storage considering reliability benefit and operation strategy in active distribution system. . Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy,, 177-186.

Liu, Y., Yang, S., Guo, B., & Deng, C. (2015). Numerical Analysis and Design of Thermal Management System for Lithium Ion Battery Pack Using Thermoelectric Coolers. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 01(01), 1-10.

Maleki, H. &. (2017). U.S. Patent No. 9,787,106. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

McGlynn, P. (2018, August 23). The Future Of Batteries In Mobile Devices. Retrieved from https://bluefletch.com/the-future-of-batteries-in-mobile-devices/

Sarker, V. K. (2019). Offloading slam for indoor mobile robots with edge-fog-cloud computing. . 1-6.

Wu et al , F. (2020). Guidelines and trends for next-generation rechargeable lithium and lithium-ion batteries†. Chem Soc Rev.

Yang, J. P. (2018). The remaining useful life estimation of lithium-ion battery based on improved extreme learning machine algorithm. 4991-5004.

Zhang, H. M. (2018). An improved unscented particle filter approach for lithium-ion battery remaining useful life prediction. 288-298.

Zhang, Q. C. (2018). An improved Peukert battery model of nonlinear capacity considering temperature effect. 665-669.