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Table of contents
List of Abbreviations
|
COVID-19 |
Coronavirus Disease of 2019 |
|
BCW |
Behavioral change wheel |
|
WHO |
World Health
Organization |
|
COM-B |
Capability, Opportunity and Motivation interact behavior. |
The basic objective of this paper is to explore the level of understanding of people and tries to determine their practices of the population living in Saudi Arabia regarding social distancing and stay at home strategy.The research is based on proper methodology and survey with a questionnaire that is used to assess participants and respondents to get awareness and practices regarding this act. Approximately, 5000 individuals completed the survey and the level of awareness could be analyzed with the help of knowledge and specifically with the people who have fewer resources and low education. The local Ministry of Health has successfully increased the knowledge of so the population and it is considered that if most people with poor practices are going to get more attention for better results. The basic objective of this paper is to analyze the social distancing that issues to overcome the spread of virus pile there, spreading from people to people and also overcome the chances to interact with the people who are infected with the COVID-19.
The pandemic situation of COVID-19 is
prevailing all around the world and the World Health Organization WHO suggested
the public stay home control the virus of COVID-19 from spreading. In December
2019, there was a pandemic situation prevailing all around the world and the
outbreak was started in Wuhan, China. The disease was designated as coronavirus
disease, 2019, and down as it COVID-19. It was reported that this disease could
cause severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus to the widespread of this disease
was announced by the WHO as pandemic situation all around the world. It was
reported that the coronavirus was caused over 9 million cases and 480,000 that's
on an international level. Furthermore, it was also considered there is a lack
of effective vaccination and treatments, and there are also fewer resources to
deal with this pandemic situation. Therefore, it was announced that time the
high concern with the stop to prevailing this situation is to adopt preventive
measures so that it could be tackled to the spread of pandemic
To prevent these threats, there were proper
and effective measures that were considered to social distancing,
self-isolation, home isolation, self-quarantine, and other precautionary
measures were introduced by professional bodies. The situation was based on
physical separation and making the distance between healthy people and from the
people who were infected with the virus. Social distancing was mean to use as
the distance from an individual to another to overcome the chances of getting
spread of viral and bacterial infections. These strategies were required to
implement and taking these measures and precautions that would be helpful,
effective, and controlling the infection in China as well as from other Eastern
countries. Saudi Arabia was also concerned with precautionary measures and it
was also considered that even before the first case was confirmed in Saudi
Arabia it was based to close the shopping centers, National Assembly and
suspend all flight operations to overcome the spread of COVID-19. Government
starts to implementing lockdown in cities and a high number of cases were aimed
to limit the population's mobility and to overcome the social gatherings to get
control transmission.
This study is based on the problem of making
awareness in the people about social distancing and preventive measures that are
helpful to provide complete care from viral infection. Without proper
preventive measures, people are not well aware of the severity of the disease
and they are not adopting proper measures as it is a great cause of spreading
viral infection. Saudi Arabia is a region that is highly important for trade as
well As for religious purposes. Therefore, it shows that the region requires a
lot of strategic measurement that would be helpful to prevent this viral
infection
In this project, it will be the focus to assess different conditions implemented in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The change in behavior and interventions that are being practiced for the improvement of overall scenario created by COVID-19 will be assessed. Along with that, the impact of social distancing and the involvement of media for awareness areconsidered.
Covid-19 is spreading all around the national
and international areas and takes for this purpose. It is necessary to overcome
the interaction with the public. These preventive measures are based on
different interventions such as social distancing, that provide the chance of
utilizing alternative tools that you interact with people such as online
conferences and study system that would be helpful to overcome the chances of
interaction with people and secure them from different kinds of viral diseases.
This study is based on a cross-sectional observational study that evaluates the
overall awareness and preventive measures that are necessary for the Saudi
populations and it would be helpful to maintain social distancing to control
the spread of COVID-19. The service is based on the proper questionnaire that
is used for the survey method and makes sure that there is a wide distribution
of target respondents and it was carried to use various social media tools to
provide awareness to the people.
The questionnaire is based on interest and
introductory information and also provides proper information to the
respondents about the purpose of the study and it is also based on the consent
information that is, make sure to participate in the study to provide voluntary
help. There is wonderings are based on the above 18 years and it was created
according to the COVID-19 infection Guidelines and Questionnaire provide
complete information about this viral disease. It makes sure that the
information collected is based on accurate criteria and multiple-choice
questions, as well as close-ended questions, were used in the study. The
questionnaire is based on experts that are helpful to target the respondents
and pre-final survey of where individuals provide general information about different
ages and questions assess for, despondent and it targets the objectives of the
study. The information collected is highly based on their behavior change wheel
BCW
The information from the questionnaire is
respondent with the proper answer of each question and it is the designated
scored that for the most appropriate answer and open-ended question-answer were
also suggested to collected information is used to measure the adherence to
stay at home and keeping social distancing also provide proper information
about the people as what they thought about this. After a survey, all the data
is statistically analyzed and performed using SPSS software, and the number of
participants, and their percentage was calculated with mean and standard
deviation and the median. About evaluating the variables could be used to
describe the practices of people to assess the preventive measures. The
analysis is highly based on the demographic practice as it targets the people
of Saudi Arabia in are specific region and it is also testing the knowledge of
people with the behavior change model that is significant provided differences
between respondents and demographic characteristics of the population of Saudi
Arabia. The multilinear regression model is also used to associate with overall
score and participants that are used to determine with the preventive food
quantity of relationship between the variables and odd ratios
The research also permits the hospitals and
health care centers to handle third infected people without the overcrowding of
patients and also providing health care safety kits to the professionals and
medical attended. It makes sure that good knowledge and practices to the
population would be helpful to stay at home and adopt social distancing that is
helpful to overcome the spread of viral infection in a short time and it would
be also helpful to fight the disease for the people who are infected with the
COVID-19. The research is based on the proper background and context of
COVID-19 and social distancing and also explored problem analysis that is
required to maintain social distancing which provides proper evidence-based
intervention with the help of behavior change wheel methodology and risk
management evaluation that is based on BCW methodology.
After June 2020, the statistics show that
COVID-19 also prevailing in Saudi Arabia and 170 thousand cases were reported
and 1428 deaths were reported
So the government started to take precautions and started to appear as
preventive and stopping international traveling so that they could stop getting
a virus from other countries. The government also advertised to different
safety campaigns that would be helpful to create awareness in the people who
are returning every day of life from the lockdown and they also considered that
if these activities would be going on there are more chances to get too
infected from the providers. They would be responsible for it as they are not
adopting preventive measures.
The process of intervention is dependent on several factors that are being involved in it. In the very first phase of this particular project, education and use of media or awareness is implemented. For filling the gap between anxiety and compliancy, coercive controls are considered like fines or tax etc. Alternative behaviors will be addressed to the citizens for the assessment of protection and it will ultimately come with the barrier for spreading of COVID-19. As a social norm, social distancing will be the way of living and it would be very effective in many ways. Self-identity will be promoted and the way of life will be fine.
This section of the paper is based on the
interventions as Saudi Arabia introduced this, different measures, such as home
isolation, self-isolation, and social distancing strategies that would be
helpful to overcome the chances of spreading viral disease. It argued to
provide public awareness that is significant measures to control the spread of
COVID-19 on an international and local basis concerning bringing these
challenges to resolve the public health authority of Saudi Arabia has several
campaigns that would be helpful to implement the applications that would be
helpful to respond to the strategies and implement these strategies to control
the viral disease. The development of the project is based on the information
of individuals and information collected from the demographics that would be
helpful to associate with the context of the study and to make the interventions
according to the degree of level of people. For example, people have different
priorities, such as students have to go for educational purposes and workers
have to work, but it is based only on social distancing therefore a contract
was made among the individuals and all the educational. The system was
transferred to online and offices as well as entertainment venues are also
closed.
The Health Authority of Saudi Arabia is also
focusing on the implementation of strategies with the measurement to manage and
control the spread of viral disease.After the assessment of different
arrangements, overall the population implements different strategies and
interventions that could be overcome the problem in different respects. These interventions
are required to implement as these are based on behavior-based interventions
that are focusing to improve social distancing. The objective of this study is
to suggest behavior-based intervention to implement the practices of the social
distancing curve with the help of a COM-B model
The period change medication theory is based
on the comprehension empowerment of influence and the barriers to change the
components to start to learn about the executive role. The COM-B model is based
on a complete behavior framework that provides a complete structure of evaluation
of capacities and opportunities to get to basic conditions to perceive the
different levels of improvement of successful interventions it provides the
abilities and models that are helpful to evaluate the opportunity of social
factors to the individual to change their life.
The basic objective of this study is to
suggest behavior change based intervention improve the social distancing in Makkah,
Saudi Arabia to prevent the social, infectious, and viral disease. The info
intervention would be implemented to target the public for points of interest
that determines everyone to implement social distancing to avoid the
interaction with infected people. The objective of the behavior-based
intervention is to improve the complete social distancing practices to adopt
with the proper support system. The intervention would be implemented randomly
after selecting the community of urban area of the country and there would be
also different kinds of crowded areas such as religious places, educational
level, and offices. Effective strategies of implementing these behavior change
based interventions are successfully implemented in these locations.
This strategy is just like social distancing,
isolation, and other true measurements that could be used to overcome the
spread of viral infection is implemented through different mediums. The
awareness is also made through innovative and creative ideas such as to put ads
on the Internet and their mobile phones so that people could be well aware of
the strategies to implement and save themselves from interacting with the
infected people. These interventions could be implemented through social media
channels such as Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, and Twitter. Social media
influencers could provide complete detail to their followers and could spread
awareness about these implementations as it is the necessary and basic step to
secure yourself and your loved one. The project highlights the basic components
that are necessary to implement and provide awareness about social distancing
and home isolation to the people of Makkah, Saudi Arabia. This study highlights
the requirements of people according to their demographics needs and wants. This study highlights the requirements of
people according to their demographics, needs, and wants, and also divided them
into groups of working and students so that they could get treated fairly with
the proper measurements
The study is based to target the people from
age of 15 to 65 as it makes sure that 55% of the targeted population is based
on females and 45% based on males. Furthermore, it makes sure that 60% of the
total population living in choosing areas and also has degree holders and
qualified workers and the remaining 40% or lower and middle-class people who
have to work for their survival. Low-income people although well aware of the
preventive measures and social distancing but they could not implement it as it
is necessary to do for a living.
The model is based on the health belief model
and provides complete information about social distancing. The model could be
implemented to make interventions of social distancing
and also used to clarify the anticipation about the changes in health behaviors.
Each aspect provides key elements of health beliefs that provide a complete
light on different issues. The model is based on different elements such as
perceived respectability, perceived severity, benefits barriers, and
self-efficacy. It is used to stop the spread of COVID-19 through college
students and workers by shutting down these places
|
|
Summary |
Indicators |
Means of Verification |
Risks and assumptions |
|
Goal |
To make people aware of social distancing
in Saudi Arabia |
Better intervention of social distancing |
Study of social distancing with control |
Majority will not follow intervention |
|
Purpose |
To stop spreading COVID-19 |
Most people following this |
Tracking people following intervention |
Increase in the public awareness in Saudi Arabia |
|
Outputs |
Better health facility |
Daily improvement in cases |
Survey for the improvements |
Information related to social distancing
spread in the kingdom |
|
Activities |
Social distancing as a norm |
Training of people |
Quantitative assessment of people following intervention |
Providing ease in following such interventions |
These suggested preventive measures should be
perceived, and it must be implemented with proper goals and guidelines for
working employees. It is necessary to travel outside the home and they could
not home isolated. Therefore they have to keep up social distancing and
standards of safety outside the homes. Social distancing could be profoundly
related to the development from outside the home, and it would be connected
with the development of different transmissions that would be helpful to avoid
viral transmission. The suggested mediation is also related to casual
interference and the relationship between the developments of common behavior
could be clarified with different selective factors. Social distancing is also
helpful to maintain proper distancing from individuals so that it could be also,
based on fewer chances of transferring viral infection from one individual to
another. It could be helpful to work outside the home and also perform the task
that could not be done online
With the preventive measures, it is also
impossible to work with complete enthusiasm and also based on a proper platform
that is working on a normal life. Besides the strengths, some limitations are
evaluated with this project. Social distancing could create risk and also create
difficulty for the job status of working employees. It could not be based on
policies to assist the health behaviors to interact with the people and it is
also considered that social distancing behavior is also related with the
ordinary behaviors and it could provide incentives in treating social
distancing as compulsory health behavior. It would overcome the efficiency of
an individual while working and provide treatment to the infected people.
By having the study, it can be seen that the
interventions could be very fine in the control of social distancing in Makkah
Saudi Arabia. Different approaches can be used for this purpose but the main
thing to focus onto it is the implementation of social distancing as a norm in
society. It would be good in the control of spreading COVID-19 and let the
persons to have an identity by themselves. A constant positive feedback can
also be expected by practicing this type of intervention in society of Saudi
Arabia.
The provided result of the research is based
on more than 5000 respondents and the survey is completed with female and male
respondents that provide results that 29.4% and 36.9% are based on 18 to 27 and
28 to 37 age groups respectively. Some respondents are based on highly
qualified people and some are related to low income living on daily wages. The
participants were based on asking them questions about their sources of information
about COVID-19 and tell the results were about 785 and 49% of the participant
were well-aware about this infection. Most people were well aware of this kind
of infectious disease by social media channel and also seeking information
about COVID-19 from their friends, colleagues, and relatives as they are talking
about this topic mainly
Statistical analysis provides information
about the demographic people as they are related with the working environment
and education field they are providing proper response about the awareness of
COVID-19 and it would be easy to implement safety precautions to the people who
are educated to as compared to people who are related with the labor workforce
and are low educated. Low-income people showed their interest in saving their
income and also working outside the homes that would be great negligence in
previous precautions of viral disease. They have poor practices about the
interventions that must be implemented by a Saudi government, and it could
result from the lower level of knowledge that provides horrible results to the
whole economy. It is considered necessary to provide them proper awareness
about social distancing and isolation so that they could investigate the viral
disease more closely and could get appropriate solutions to increase their
awareness to implement the preventive measures.
The study represents that a high level of
knowledge is required to provide awareness to the people about an infectious
disease that provides them complete intervention so that they could stay home
at home and implement strategies that are prepared by the Saudi government. The
Saudi population is continuously improving their status and they are well
conscious about their health and also want to improve awareness by using
different channels. Demographic segmentations are affecting the knowledge that
is required to implement in social distancing and also show that it must be
used by this policymaker to identify and target the individuals that are
necessary to implement the actions to get better knowledge.
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Appendices
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