Loading...

Messages

Proposals

Stuck in your homework and missing deadline? Get urgent help in $10/Page with 24 hours deadline

Get Urgent Writing Help In Your Essays, Assignments, Homeworks, Dissertation, Thesis Or Coursework & Achieve A+ Grades.

Privacy Guaranteed - 100% Plagiarism Free Writing - Free Turnitin Report - Professional And Experienced Writers - 24/7 Online Support

3 types of interdependence

31/12/2020 Client: saad24vbs Deadline: 3 days

Three Types of Interdependence in an Organizational Structure


by LaToya J. Murray http://smallbusiness.chron.com/three-types-interdependence-organizational-structure-1764.html


In the 1967 book "Organizations in Action," sociologist James D. Thompson defined three types of interdependence to describe the intensity of interactions and behaviors within an organizational structure. The study of interdependence helps business owners understand how the different departments or units within their organization depend on the performance of others.


Pooled Interdependece


Pooled interdependence is perhaps the loosest form of the three. In this type of interdependence, each organizational department or business unit performs completely separate functions. While departments may not directly interact and do not directly depend on each other in the pooled interdependence model, each does contribute individual pieces to the same overall puzzle. This creates an almost blind, indirect dependence on the performance of others wherein one department’s failures could lead to the failure of the overall process.


Sequential Interdependence


Sequential interdependence occurs when one unit in the overall process produces an output necessary for the performance by the next unit. Perhaps the most obvious example of sequential interdependence is an assembly line. According to the Proven Models website, "The demand for coordination to prevent slowdown is greater than for pooled task interdependence." Scheduling and planning your organization resources in a sequential interdependence model is essential to efficient operations.


Reciprocal Interdependence


Reciprocal interdependence is similar to sequential interdependence in that the output of one department becomes the input of another, with the addition of being cyclical. In this model, an organization’s departments are at their highest intensity of interaction. Reciprocal models are the most complex and difficult to manage--the Business Intelligence website notes that "one unit can change the rules and affect everyone else at any time."


Coordination


Thompson theorized that the correct way to get departments within an organization working together effectively is to structure respective work tasks by intensity of interdependence, and then manage each of those interdependencies with different coordination methods.


· For example, a pooled interdependency requires standardization in rules and operating procedures, while the coordination methods for the other two interdependencies are slightly more flexible.


· A sequential interdependency is managed through mildly adaptive planning and scheduling,


· while reciprocally interdependent departments are managed through constant information sharing and mutual adjustments.


Related Articles


· [Task Interdependence] Examples of Task Interdependence in Manufacturing Companies


· [Interdependence] "What Is ""Workflow Interdependence""?"


· [Organizational Structure] Geographic Organizational Structure


· [Sources] 5 Sources of Power in Organizations


[Different Types] Different Types of Organizational Structure

Examples of Task Interdependence in Manufacturing Companies

by Ciaran John http://smallbusiness.chron.com/examples-task-interdependence-manufacturing-companies-38007.html

Kanban started as a visual management element of the Toyota Production System.


Kanban started as a visual management element of the Toyota Production System.


Quinn Rooney/Getty Images News/Getty Images


Within the manufacturing arena, academics use the term "task interdependence" to describe the manner in which different business units are reliant upon one another during the production phase. Pooled, reciprocal and sequential relationships are the three types of interdependent relationships that the American scholar James Thompson identified. Many academics still categorize manufacturing processes using Thompson's models.


Pooled

Pooled interdependence within the manufacturing sector involves groups of employees working independently to produce a certain product. Employees of a clothing firm may use the same machines to cut, dye and sew fabrics. At the end of each shift, the firm may package items that were produced by many employees into one box and ship those finished goods to the same store. The workers depend on one another to produce enough goods to meet the firm's daily production goals, but each worker can produce an item of clothing without the assistance of a coworker. Therefore, different people and business units have minimal contact during the production phase.


Reciprocal

In a reciprocal relationship, no one person or business unit can manufacture an item without the involvement of another person or unit. Furthermore, in this type of setup, items normally pass back and forth between the same units multiple times during the production phase. At a car manufacturing plant, the vehicle may pass between the electronics department and the steel workers several times as workers in both areas gradually add components to each vehicle.


Sequential

Assembly lines are one example of sequential task interdependence at a manufacturing firm. In a furniture producing plant, one employee may construct the wooden frame before passing a couch onto a second worker who adds the springs. A third worker may add cushions and stuffing before a fourth worker adds the couch cover. The production process must follow a logical sequence since you cannot add the cover or the stuffing until you have already created the frame and installed the springs.


Considerations

· Many people think of task interdependence within the confines of a single manufacturing plant but, in the modern era, interdependent relationships often involve multiple production plants.


· Computer manufacturing firms may employ workers in different locations to produce certain computer components, and the people involved in this production process are involved in a pooled relationship.


· However, within each plant, various workers may be involved in sequential or reciprocal relationships that fall within a single segment of the overall production process.


· Additionally, the development of new technologies means that firms can sometimes streamline processes and assign more responsibilities to fewer individuals.


· Therefore, interdependent relationships within the manufacturing sector tend to evolve over time.


·


Chapter 5 – Technology and Structure


The Propositions of James D. Thompson


http://www.nickols.us/ThompsonPropositions.pdf


Chapter 5 – Technology and Structure


5.1: Under norms of rationality, organizations group positions to minimize coordination costs.


5.1a: Organizations seek to place reciprocally interdependent positions tangent to one another, in a common group which is (a) local and (b) conditionally autonomous.


5.1b: In the absence of reciprocal interdependence, organizations subject to rationality norms seek to place sequentially interdependent positions tangent to one another, in a common group which is (a) localized and (b) conditionally autonomous.


5.1c: In the absence of reciprocal and sequential interdependence, organizations subject to norms of rationality seek to group positions homogeneously to facilitate coordination by standardization.


5.2: When reciprocal interdependence cannot be confined to intragroup activities, organizations subject to rationality norms seek to link the groups involved into a second-order group, as localized and conditionally autonomous as possible.


5.3: After grouping units to minimize coordination by mutual adjustment, organizations under rationality norms seek to place sequentially interdependent groups tangent to one another, in a cluster which is localized and conditionally autonomous.


5.4: After grouping units to solve problems of reciprocal and sequential interdependence, organizations under norms of rationality seek to cluster groups into homogeneous units to facilitate coordination by standardization.


5.4a: When higher-priority coordination requirements prevent the clustering of similar positions or groups, organizations seek to blanket homogeneous positions under rules which cut across group boundaries, and to blanket similar groups under rules which cross divisional lines.


5.4b: When organizations employ standardization which cuts across multiple groupings, they also develop liaison positions linking the several groups and the rule-making agency.


5.4c: Organizations with sequential interdependence not contained by departmentalization rely on committees to accomplish the remaining coordination.


5.4d: Organizations with reciprocal interdependence not contained by departmentalization rely on task-force or project groupings to accomplish the remaining coordination.

Homework is Completed By:

Writer Writer Name Amount Client Comments & Rating
Instant Homework Helper

ONLINE

Instant Homework Helper

$36

She helped me in last minute in a very reasonable price. She is a lifesaver, I got A+ grade in my homework, I will surely hire her again for my next assignments, Thumbs Up!

Order & Get This Solution Within 3 Hours in $25/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 3 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 6 Hours in $20/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 6 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 12 Hours in $15/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 12 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

6 writers have sent their proposals to do this homework:

Top Essay Tutor
Homework Guru
University Coursework Help
Helping Hand
Smart Accountants
Coursework Assignment Help
Writer Writer Name Offer Chat
Top Essay Tutor

ONLINE

Top Essay Tutor

I have more than 12 years of experience in managing online classes, exams, and quizzes on different websites like; Connect, McGraw-Hill, and Blackboard. I always provide a guarantee to my clients for their grades.

$105 Chat With Writer
Homework Guru

ONLINE

Homework Guru

Hi dear, I am ready to do your homework in a reasonable price and in a timely manner.

$102 Chat With Writer
University Coursework Help

ONLINE

University Coursework Help

Hi dear, I am ready to do your homework in a reasonable price.

$102 Chat With Writer
Helping Hand

ONLINE

Helping Hand

I am an Academic writer with 10 years of experience. As an Academic writer, my aim is to generate unique content without Plagiarism as per the client’s requirements.

$100 Chat With Writer
Smart Accountants

ONLINE

Smart Accountants

I feel, I am the best option for you to fulfill this project with 100% perfection. I am working in this industry since 2014 and I have served more than 1200 clients with a full amount of satisfaction.

$95 Chat With Writer
Coursework Assignment Help

ONLINE

Coursework Assignment Help

Hey, I have gone through your job posting and become very much interested in working with you.I can deliver professional content as per your requirements. I am a multi-skilled person with sound proficiency in the English language for being a native writer who worked on several similar projects of content writing and can deliver quality content to tight deadlines. I am available for both online and offline writing jobs with the promise of offering an incredibly responsive and supreme level of customer service. Thanks!

$95 Chat With Writer

Let our expert academic writers to help you in achieving a+ grades in your homework, assignment, quiz or exam.

Similar Homework Questions

Jerry tobias gaylord mi - Life review vs ordinary remembering - 7 eleven japan supply chain management - Bringham company issues bonds with a par value - Exact analysis voltage divider bias - Zip to zip miles excel - Number of hotmail users - Yaw mark formula - Describe perplexity and wonderment as ways to god - Qualys severity levels 1-5 - How to use the binomial probability table - Band booster class java - St augustines church solihull - Cathedral range state park dogs - Valarie kaur speech - Compare the population range to the mean of the sample ranges. choose the correct answer below. - Corporate level strategy of p&g - 10 pair colour code - Marxist analysis of shrek - Judgement in managerial decision making bazerman pdf - Different figurative language examples - Peak envelope power vs average power - Plate tectonics and the origin of magma lab answers - 2365 unit 302 questions - Following are the transactions of a new company called pose-for-pics. - Approximation using differentials homework answers - Connection between education and income - 750 word paper - Transformational servant leadership definition - Introduction to data mining 2nd edition pdf - The body shop company profile - 13 moran court vermont south - 35 metre sprint test - Akta prime user manual - Brushed stainless steel laminate kickboard - Uct transcript request form - Conocer / (ustedes) / nuestro / productos / y / aprender / usarlos - Tlc and column chromatography lab report - Literary technique for listing things - Uts civil engineering course structure - 40-MIN Post-Assessment Essay Exam - Liberty online writing center - Kirlian photography amputated limb - Open door notes apush - What game do cannibals play at parties worksheet answers - Mcdonald's monopoly case study - 6 - Icd 10 code for thoracentesis - Case - Scm globe simulation - The nightingale and the rose character action - Seymour leisure centre membership prices - How to turn off casio fx 260 solar calculator - Cinema capri shepparton victoria - Sustaining Change - Child development centre harlow - Spencer's flea market in dover delaware - Unit 2 Part 2 - Fronditha home care packages - Full of sound and fury signifying nothing faulkner - King's theory of goal attainment in practice - Bee r rev limiter wiring - European humanities - Michelle obama bowie state commencement speech summary - Discussion Help - Presenting problem example treatment plan - G co 11 worksheet 2 patterson answers - Xe 4f14 5d10 6s1 - Today poem by billy collins - Week 7 - Systems thinking in nursing - Taxes - Food safety program template class 2 - The number of textbook authors now sitting at a computer - Why use a negative control when running gel electrophoresis quizlet - Simple beam shear and moment diagrams - E3.2 - Emphasis and subordination in art examples - Writing - Kfc in china case study solution - Food safety scenario questions - Moray coast vets forres - How to turn an improper fraction into a mixed fraction - Evidence based practice - Cbrn powerpoint slides - Beats by dre swot analysis - Energy stored in lc circuit - Word chapter 1 grader project - Nursing - URS 6003/NURS 6003A/NURS 6003F/NRSE 6003C/NURS 6003N/NURS 6003C: Transition to Graduate Study for Nursing - One major avenues for achieving a cost advantage over rivals is by - Which consumer market segments best match with benihana - Mistaken identity a ten minute play - Fiscal Planing and Budgeting - Project cost and time managment - Cameron university graduate programs - Fonderia di torino case - Galileo's formula calculus - Shadow health tina jones comprehensive assessment - Sections 55 of the estate agents act 1980