_______ refers to a series of vertical zones with distinctive climate and vegetation regimes.

1. Which of the following statements about the physical geography of North America is true? A. The ancient rock of the Canadian Shield covers about one-fourth of Canada. B. The most geologically active region of North America is found along the West Coast. C. The largest tributary of the Mississippi is the Arkansas River. D. The Mississippi drainage basin is the fifth largest in the world. 2. Two U.S. West Coast ports are world ports that connect the United States and Asian markets. They're Los Angeles/Long Beach and A. Portland. B. San Diego. C. San Francisco. D. Seattle. 3. Immigration currently accounts for about _______ of U.S. population growth. A. one-half B. one-third C. three-quarters D. a quarter 4. In the South American Andes, the altiplano between the Cordillera Oriental and the western Cordillera Occidental is widest in A. Bolivia. B. Chile. C. Peru. D. Ecuador. 5. The only Central American country with a long history of democratic government is A. Belize. B. Costa Rica. C. Nicaragua. D. Guatemala. 6. Significant settlement in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta A. occurred only as major highways were built across Canada. B. followed the completion of Canada's transcontinental railways. C. occurred only after World War II. D. was a response to the world demand for wheat in the early twentieth century. 7. Which of the following is the primary aim of the Parti Québécois? A. Garnering higher income from the operation of the St. Lawrence Seaway B. Improving economic opportunities for French-speaking Canadians C. Secession from Canada in order to become a Department of France D. Establishing Quebec as an independent country 8. For geographers, the movement of higher-income residents and businesses into poor areas of inner cities is generally referred to as A. urban development. B. urban revitalization. C. gentrification. D. restoration. 9. The two largest metropolitan areas in Canada are Toronto and A. Montréal. B. Ottawa. C. Vancouver. D. Edmonton. 10. On Caribbean islands with mountains, the windward slopes facing the trade winds force air upward, causing rainfall. As a result, areas immediately to the leeward of the mountains have a microclimate with sparse precipitation called a/an A. rain shadow. B. slope shadow. C. ENSO. D. drought shadow. 11. Which of the following were the main proponents of NAFTA? A. Human rights groups B. Labor unions C. Environmentalists D. Large corporations 12. In Brazil, the indigenous population was around 3.5 million before the arrival of Europeans. Today, the indigenous population is around A. 1.5 million. B. 200,000. C. 2 million. D. 500,000. 13. _______ refers to a series of vertical zones with distinctive climate and vegetation regimes. A. Sedimentation B. Altitudinal zonation C. Temperature inversions D. Urban expanses 14. In the United States, as of 2009, which of the following was the largest and fastest-growing immigrant group? A. Hispanics B. Western Europeans C. Eastern Europeans and Russians D. Asians 15. Which of the following is the primary subsistence crop in Latin America? A. Beans B. Potatoes C. Corn D. Wheat 16. _______ is one of the first Latin American countries to have a separate ministry of tourism with dedicated funds within its federal governmental structure. A. Chile B. Paraguay C. Guatemala D.Mexico 17. Among the northern Andean countries strongly involved in the illegal coca and drug trade, __________ is now the predominant coca producer. A. Ecuador B. Peru C. Colombia D. Bolivia 18. In the 1950s, 40 percent of the U.S. workforce was engaged in manufacturing. By the 2000s, fewer than ________ percent of U.S. workers were employed in manufacturing. A. 5 B. 15 C. 7 D. 1 End of exam 19. In the post-industrial era, an edge city is a/an A. large suburban development mainly occupied by commuters. B. merger of several residential suburbs into one entity. C. complex of warehouses, shopping malls, and offices located along traffic routes. D. urbanized development that is an extension of a megalopolis. 20. To avoid risks associated with tornadoes, lightning, and hurricanes, in the United States you should steer clear of A. Florida. B. Nevada. C. Minnesota. D. Pennsylvania