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ABOUT THE COVER IMAGE

African Americans on the Move, 1940 Migration and mobility are major themes in American history. Immigration to and migration within the United States have been constants of the nation’s past and remain so in the present. One of the most breathtaking relocation stories in this long history is that of African Americans in the twentieth century. Between 1910 and 1970, between 5 and 6 million African Americans left the South for the North and West, transforming the nation in the process. Here a family prepares for the journey from Florida to New Jersey in 1940.

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HAWAI’I

PACIFIC OCEAN

160°W 155°W 22°N

20°N

0 50 100 kilometers

0 100 miles50

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500 miles0 250

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Gulf of Alaska

Yukon River

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Juneau

130°W170°W

70°N

60°N

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35°N

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Vancouver

Calgary

Regina

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PUERTO RICO

100 miles0 50

0 50 100 kilometers

ATLANTIC OCEAN

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Dallas

Tulsa

Fort Worth

Duluth

Minneapolis

Milwaukee

Kansas City

Columbus

Toledo

Frankfort

Nashville

Montgomery

Tallahassee

Atlanta

Columbia

Raleigh

Annapolis

Dover

Harrisburg Trenton

Albany

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Concord

Boston

Providence

Hartford

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Cleveland

Cincinnati

Louisville

Knoxville

Birmingham

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Wheeling Pittsburgh Philadelphia

Newark New York

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Manchester

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9,843 6,562 3,281 1,640

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0 500 miles250

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40°N

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AT L A N T I C O C E A N

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Puerto Rico (U.S.) ST. KITTS AND NEVIS

Guadeloupe (Fr.) Martinique (Fr.)

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ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA DOMINICA

BARBADOS GRENADA TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO GUYANA

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ARGENTINA

BOLIVIA

PARAGUAY

URUGUAY

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French Guiana (Fr.)

ST. VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES SENEGAL GAMBIA

GUINEA-BISSAU

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Galápagos Is. (Ec.)

SAMOA

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Falkland Is. (U.K.)

Greenland (Den.)

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Canary Is. (Sp.)

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Easter I. (Chile)

ABBREVIATIONS

ALB. AUS. BEL. B.H. CR. CZ. REP. DEN. GER. HUNG. KOS. LUX. MAC. MONT. NETH. SER. SLK. SLN. SWITZ.

ALBANIA AUSTRIA BELGIUM BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA CROATIA CZECH REPUBLIC DENMARK GERMANY HUNGARY KOSOVO LUXEMBOURG MACEDONIA MONTENEGRO NETHERLANDS SERBIA SLOVAKIA SLOVENIA SWITZERLAND