Amoeba sisters alleles and genes video recap answer key

Amoeba Sisters Video Recap: “Sex-Linked Traits” Below is a picture of a human karyotype. 1. Place numbers by each chromosome pair. How many chromosome pairs are there? __________ 2. How many chromosomes in total are there? ___________ 3. Circle the sex chromosomes. How many sex chromosomes are there? ____________ 4. Is this individual a male or female? ______________________ 5. How were you able to determine your answer for #4? ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Color blindness is a sex-linked recessive disorder on the X chromosome. If the allele “b” is used to denote color blindness, circle the genotype(s) that correctly represent(s) a female that is color blind. BB Bb bb XBXB XBYB XBXb XbY XbXb XbYb XB Y 7. Color blindness is a sex-linked recessive disorder on the X chromosome. If the allele “b” is used to denote color blindness, circle the genotype(s) that correctly represent(s) a male that is color blind. BB Bb bb XBXB XBYB XBXb XbY XbXb XbYb XB Y Sex-Linked Punnett Square Practice! 8. Bob is color blind, but he knows that neither of his parents were color blind. He is wondering if he received the gene for color blindness from his mother, his father, or both of his parents. What would you tell Bob? Show a Punnett square to prove your answer! 9. Consider the below Punnett square cross. Explain how you could use it to determine which parent determines the biological sex of a baby---is it the mother, father, or both? Why? 10. In the video example, the sex-linked disorder was a recessive trait. However, sex-linked disorders can be dominant! (Conduct a search to see some of the sex-linked dominant disorders that exist). Sexlinked dominant disorders will show even if there is only one dominant allele present. Using the allele D to stand for a dominant sex-linked trait, show a cross with a woman who does not have a dominant sex-linked disorder (XdXd) with a man that does. Will the disorder in this particular cross be more common in daughters or sons? AMOEBA SISTERS: VIDEO RECAP MULTIPLE ALLELES (BLOOD TYPES) Amoeba Sisters Video Recap: Multiple Alleles (ABO Blood Types) and Punnett Squares For the following boxes, fill in the below information regarding each blood type. Blood Type A Blood Type B 1. Phenotype: __________________________ 4. Phenotype: __________________________ 2. Possible Genotype(s): ___________________ 5. Possible Genotype(s): ___________________ ________________________________________ 3. If the A type red blood cell below has any blood type antigens on its surface, please draw them below and label. If not, leave blank. ________________________________________ 6. If the B type red blood cell below has any blood type antigens on its surface, please draw them below and label. If not, leave blank. Blood Type AB Blood Type O 7. Phenotype: __________________________ 10. Phenotype: __________________________ 8. Possible Genotype(s): ___________________ 11. Possible Genotype(s): __________________ ________________________________________ 9. If the AB type red blood cell below has any blood type antigens on its surface, please draw them below and label. If not, leave blank. ________________________________________ 12. If the O type red blood cell below has any blood type antigens on its surface, please draw them below and label. If not, leave blank. AMOEBA SISTERS: VIDEO RECAP MULTIPLE ALLELES (BLOOD TYPES) Name Those Parents: Hospitals typically have excellent measures in place to prevent mix-ups, but one baby was not so lucky. The hospital has narrowed down that baby Anthony must belong to one female and one male in the below list, although the hospital also does not know which individuals are couples. Find Anthony’s parents! Possible Parents: Natasha (female) Adrianne (female) Blood Type: B Blood Type: AB Baby Anthony Blood Type: O Rafael (male) Blood Type: O Joshua (male) Blood Type: AB 13. Anthony’s genotype: 14. His mother from above list (list name): 16. His father from above list (list name): ___________________ ____________________ ____________________ 15. Her genotype: 17. His genotype: ____________________ ____________________ 18. Draw the Punnett Square below that shows the cross between the mother and father you selected. 19. What is the percent chance in the Punnett square that you drew of having an O baby? ___________ 20. Can a baby that has blood type AB have one parent that is type O? Why or why not? If it is difficult to explain, try explaining with a Punnett Square diagram. AMOEBA SISTERS: VIDEO RECAP MONOHYBRID CROSSES (MENDELIAN) Amoeba Sisters Video Recap: Monohybrid Crosses (Mendelian Inheritance) Vocabulary practice! Fill in missing boxes assuming that having hair for guinea pigs follows Mendelian inheritance, where the H dominant allele codes for hair and h codes for a lack of hair (hairless). Image Genotype Heterozygous or Phenotype Homozygous? HH 1. 2. 5. 3. 4. Hairless 6. Heterozygous 7. 8. An allele is a form of a gene. In the Punnett square on the right, how many H/h alleles does a baby guinea pig inherit from the mother? _______ How many H/h alleles does a baby guinea pig inherit from the father? _______. If a baby girl guinea pig looks almost identical to its mother, does this then mean that it inherited more alleles from its mother? Explain. (Hint: Think about the vocabulary words dominant and recessive.) AMOEBA SISTERS: VIDEO RECAP MONOHYBRID CROSSES (MENDELIAN) Mysterious Fred: A Guinea Pig Test Cross There is a teacher from Texas that loves hairless guinea pigs. In guinea pigs, the dominant allele H codes for the trait of having hair and the allele h codes for the trait of being hairless. (Assume Mendelian inheritance). Let’s say that this teacher receives her wish of finding a hairless guinea pig at a pet store and names her Genevieve. She finds another guinea pig at a store with hair that she names Fred. While she can be certain of Genevieve’s genotype, how could she determine what genotype Fred is? She can do a test cross! A test cross involves breeding an organism with a dominant trait (like Fred) with an organism that exhibits a recessive trait (like Genevieve). 9. Genevieve has the genotype ___________. 10. Fred’s genotype could be ________ or _________. 11. If Fred was genotype __________ and bred with Genevieve… 13. If Fred was genotype __________ and bred with Genevieve… 12. Please draw Punnett Square below to show prediction for offspring. 14. Please draw Punnett Square below to show prediction for offspring. 15. Explain in your own words how the offspring from the test cross could help determine Fred’s genotype.