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HEANEY HINTSWhen you see the 3 poems, look for some links like these regarding the key concerns of Heaney.Loss of childhood innocence oDeath of a Naturalist –think of speaker’s initiation into adulthood. The boy is a naturalist in two senses –1. Because he is in tune with nature 2. Also a naturalist because he is not yet tied down by the trappings of society. Behaves as he wishes. Intuitive. Heaney’s pleasure in experiencing the countryside in all its facets. oMid-Term Break –brother’s sudden death brings him into adult world. Sees father’s despair. oFollower –speaker writing about relationship with father. Admired father as child but growing into adulthood lost enthusiasm. Father more of a nuisance thansomeone to be admired. Conflicting emotions/ConflictoRegretoSense of freedomoThink about how it is conflict that creates some of the poetryViolenceoMassacre in Requiem for CroppiesoBruise on brother killed by caroCousin’s murderPain of victimsoSuffering of Tollund Man merges into suffering of people of Northern IrelandHistoryoPotato famine in Ireland in 1845-48o‘Requiem for the Croppies’ –is a historical poem and refers to the climax of the great rebellion of 1798. The speaker sees a new beginning. The seeds in the pockets of the dead rebels are like the germination of further revolutions in the years to come. oSense of commemoration of those who died in service of their countryoSense of inequality –farmers against government. oSocial order-‘The priest lay behind ditches with the tramp.’ oWay he merges past and present in some poems. oA sense of pagan origins of IrelandoHeaney suggesting seeds of present Ireland troubles sown in the past oExploring his ownfamily history eg. Murder of his cousin.DeathoIs there a darkness or background of death in the poem? LoveoLove of wifeoOf lost brotheroLove of IrelandoLove of landscapeBogsBinding together of people and placeoWants people to get alongoWants to make reader feel more secureRitualsoOf deathoOf familiesoOf countries/cultures/ancient timesOpened Ground
oWounds of landscapeoWounds of Irish historyoRemember words come from ‘Act of Union’ poemoUncovering emotions, events of past, personal concerns, honestyTYPE OF POEM StructureoIs it a ballad? Sense of a folk story? oTight, even stanzasoFree flowingoSections –Heaney labelling I and II oEnjambmentoCaesuraoWhat variations between the three poems?Pace oHow is poem sped up? Slowed down? PunctuationoQuestion marksoExclamation marksoFull stopsoCommasoColons or semi-colonsoWhat is their effect? oDoes use of punctuation vary between the 3 poems? Alliteration –matching consonants –actually specify them in your responseAssonance –think about vowel sounds that give rhythm Onomatopoeia–harsh words, slippery words, loving words, SoundsSensesImageryoOf the countrysideMerging of Past with PresentoThink of The Tollund Man where the murder of the four young men is linked to sacrificial death of The Tollund ManNaming of PlacesWorld of adult, world of childVoice of poet –first person, third personoIs poet detached? Is he close up? Feelings of speaker/poet –oDoes he feel guilt?oHorroroShameoFear of young childoInsecurityoSense of alienationWay Heaney brings opposites togetherUse of historical analogies