Barack obama leadership style ppt

LDR/531 – WEEK 2

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WDWLLW?

DISC Assessment
Leadership
Personality
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Objectives

Theories of Leadership
Compare and contrast leadership theories.
Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of established leadership styles.
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Leadership is:

Are leader’s born or made?

Leader traits – the trait approach is the oldest leadership perspective and was dominant for several decades. The perspective is that some personality characteristics – many of which a person need not be born with but can strive to acquire distinguish effective leaders from other people.

Drive, which refers to a set of characteristics that reflect a high level of effort. It includes high need for achievement, constant striving for improvement, ambition, energy, tenacity (persistence in the face of obstacles), and initiative.

Leadership motivation – great leaders not only have drive, they want to lead.

Integrity is the correspondence between actions and words. Honesty and credibility are especially important.

Self-confidence is important because the leadership role is challenging, and setbacks are inevitable.

Knowledge of the business, industry, company, and technical matters.

The most important personal skill, according to the text, the ability to perceive the needs and goals of others and to adjust one’s personal leadership approaches accordingly.

B. Leader Behaviors

1. Leadership behaviors – the behavioral approach attempts to identify what good leaders do. Three general categories of leadership behavior are: (Figure 12.2)

a. Task performance behaviors are the leader’s efforts to insure that the work unit or organization reaches its goals.

i. This dimension is sometimes referred to as:

concern for production

directive leadership

initiating structure or closeness of supervision.

ii. It includes a focus on:

work speed

quality and accuracy

quantity of output

following the rules.

b. Group maintenance behaviors is where leaders take action to ensure the satisfaction of group members, develop and maintain harmonious work relationships, and preserve the social stability of the group.

i. This dimension is sometimes referred to as:

(1) concern for people

(2) supportive leadership

(3) consideration.

ii. Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) theory highlights the importance of leader behaviors not just toward the group as a whole but also toward individuals

The ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals.

OR

The process of influencing others to understand and agree what needs to be done and how to do it, and the process of facilitating individual and collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives

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Types of leadership

Leadership involves
influencing others (who influences? What type of influence?)
to collaborate and agree (purpose of influence?)
on how to complete tasks or projects.
Goal of what leadership involves is also what makes leaders effective.

Result of influence is enthusiastic followers as opposed to indifferent compliance or reluctant obedience. Use of control over rewards and punishments to manipulate or coerce followers is not really leading and may involve the unethical use of power.

Specialized role – involves having one leader and more followers

Shared influence consists of many leaders in charge of different processes that affect the group

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What leaders can influence?

Interpretation of external events and sharing of new knowledge by members.
Choice of objectives and strategies to pursue.
Motivation of members and allocation of resources to achieve the objectives.
Development of member skills and confidence.
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Direct vs. Indirect Leadership

Direct leadership
Immediate subordinates.
Lower-level employees, peers, bosses, or outsiders
Indirect leadership
Cascading effect of leadership influence
Influence over formal programs, management systems, and structural forms
Influence over organizational culture
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Direct leadership – influence in person or email.

Leader’s direct influence on immediate subordinates. Behaviors used to directly influence immediate subordinates, but a leader can also influence other people inside the organization.

Leader’s direct influence on lower-level employees, peers, bosses, or outsiders

Indirect leadership – CEO leadership is transmitted through chain of command. Influence over formal programs.

Cascading effect of leadership influence

Influence over formal programs, management systems, and structural forms

Influence over organizational culture – shared beliefs and values of members.

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Leadership Approach

Trait
Behavior
Power-influence
Situational