Biointeractive the eukaryotic cell cycle and cancer answer key

Cellcycle Overview

Click on the link provided below.

http://media.hhmi.org/biointeractive/click/cellcycle/?_ga=1.12670647.1279517233.1480957413

Download the worksheet from the assignment folder. Complete as you progress through the lesson.

Read the overview in its own box. Click on each "checkpoint" for the 5 phases of the Cycle. The phases are M, G1, G0, S, and G2. The reading for each phase appears in the box to the left.

When each has been completed, or clicked, the second title in the center of the cycle diagram, Cell Cycle Regulators and Cancer, will light up.

Click on this title, for the second part to appear.

Click on the Cancer Overview, and read the information in the box. Be sure to click through all 5 pages.

Now click and complete the Regulators Overview, clicking on each of the stimulating and inhibitory icons in each phase.

Answer any questions in the worksheet that apply.

Upload the completed worksheet into the assignment folder.

Due date for the assignment is in the syllabus. Proper grammar and spelling is expected.

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THE EUKARYOTIC CELL CYCLE AND CANCER: AN OVERVIEW

ABOUT THIS WORKSHEET This worksheet complements the Click and Learn “The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle and Cancer” and is intended as a straightforward introduction to the cell cycle and how that relates to cancer. For a more comprehensive student worksheet, please see the in depth version.

PROCEDURE Read through the Click and Learn at (http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/eukaryotic-cell-cycle-and- cancer) to learn about the cell cycle. Answer the questions below. Click on the “Background” tab on the right side. Read the information and watch the videos. 1. Why is cell division important for both unicellular and multicellular organisms?

2. Why does cell division remain important to an adult organism even after it is fully developed?

3. Cells divide, differentiate, or die. What is differentiation?

4. What is apoptosis? What is its purpose?

5. What are cell cycle regulators?

6. What happens if cell cycle regulators don’t function properly?

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Click on the purple section labeled “Cell Cycle Phases” as well as the words “Mitosis” and “Interphase” to read an overview of the cell cycle. You can also click on the various phases. 7. Cells go through periods of growth and division. Cell division occurs during _______________.

8. The rest of the cell cycle is called interphase, during which _____________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________.

9. Fill in the details about what happens during the three phases of interphase labeled in the

diagram.

10. In general, what is the purpose of a checkpoint in the cell cycle?

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11. What is the G0 phase of the cell cycle? Which factors determine whether a cell enters G0? Can cells leave G0?

Click on “Cell Cycle Regulators and Cancer” in the center purple circle. Read the Regulators Overview and then read through the Cancer Overview and watch the videos. 12. What are cell cycle regulators?

a. Stimulatory proteins are encoded by _________________________________. Examples include: ______________________________________________________

b. Inhibitory proteins are encoded by ___________________________________________. Examples include: ______________________________________________________

13. Cancer is the result of an improperly regulated cell cycle. Describe two reasons why cells can form tumors.

14. In some types of colon cancer, stem cells have a mutation in the APC gene. What happens if the APC gene is mutated?

15. Normally, proto-oncogenes stimulate the cell cycle. What are oncogenes and how do they affect the cell cycle?

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a. To cause cancer, proto-oncogenes require _________ allele(s) to be mutated and therefore are considered ____________________. The mutation results in a __________ of function.

16. Normally, tumor suppressor genes inhibit the cell cycle. How do mutated tumor suppressor genes affect the cell cycle?

a. To cause cancer, tumor suppressor genes require _________ allele(s) to be mutated and therefore are considered ____________________. The mutation results in a __________ of function.