Brain imaging studies support the conclusion that meditation _____

Question 1

Answer saved

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called _____

Select one:

a. a representative sample.

b. a case study.

c. a single-blind study.

d. a naturalistic observation.

Question 2

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

A experiment in which two individuals are placed in separate rooms while one tries to send information and the other tries to receive it without use of any of the senses is using the _____ procedure.

Select one:

a. ESP

b. Ganzfeld

c. telepathy

d. double blind

Question 3

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

A large study of heart disease that included White and African-American participants considered the age and gender of the participants but not their socioeconomic status. The conclusion drawn by the researchers was that being an African American male places you at greater risk for heart disease than being a White male. The problem with this conclusion is _____

Select one:

a. no other races were included in the study.

b. we can't tell if the variable is race or socioeconomic status.

c. there were no African-American researchers on the team.

d. we already knew African-Americans get more heart disease.

Question 4

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

A participant-related bias known as ageism results in _____

Select one:

a. failing to perceive the diversity among older adults.

b. excessive deference to older adults.

c. a reluctance to ask older adults to participate in research.

d. a tendency to describe all older adults in positive terms.

Question 5

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

A school psychologist would be most likely to _____

Select one:

a. conduct an experiment.

b. counsel a disruptive student.

c. treat a student with schizophrenia.

d. study teaching methods.

Question 6

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

ANo ___ is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.

Select one:

a. independent variable

b. dependent variable

c. experimental effect

d. correlation

Question 7

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

According to research on sleep deprivation, a small amount of sleep loss ____

Select one:

a. decreases cognitive ability.

b. is not a problem at all.

c. is a problem only for women, not men.

d. does not affect people older than age 12.

Question 8

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Activated by the _____, gonads release _____

Select one:

a. thymus; estrogen.

b. pineal gland; testosterone.

c. pituitary; corticoids.

d. pituitary; sex hormones.

Question 9

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Any experiments that seemed to support the idea that ESP exists have not been able to be _____

Select one:

a. published.

b. peer-reviewed.

c. replicated.

d. funded.

Question 10

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Brain imaging studies support the conclusion that meditation _____

Select one:

a. is a form of sleep.

b. induces an altered state of consciousness.

c. is a quick fix for health problems.

d. is not helpful to health.

Question 11

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

By using random samples, polling organizations can represent the view of the American public with a sample size starting from _____

Select one:

a. 100,000.

b. 1 million.

c. 100.

d. 1,000.

Question 12

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Carla was driving to work when she heard a report from a medical center on the radio saying, "Upon conception, the sex of the baby is determined by the person who is least stressed out." Knowing Carla is a critical thinker, which of the following thoughts did she most likely have?

Select one:

a. "Because the report is from a medical center, it must be true."

b. "Before I believe that report, I need to check other sources."

c. "Wow, it must be true or they wouldn't put it on the radio."

d. "Wait until I tell my partner that he must have determined the sex of our two sons."

Question 13

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Conan brought his mother to the hospital when he noticed she couldn't move one side of her body and had great difficulty speaking. The physician informed Conan that his mother may have had a stroke. He wanted to confirm this speculation by using an imaging device that utilized X-rays. Which of the following was used on Conan's mother?

Select one:

a. MRI

b. CT scan

c. EEG

d. fMRI

Question 14

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Despite having a massive infection, Lindsey's white blood cell count remained low. This could be due to a malfunction of her _____

Select one:

a. thymus.

b. parathyroid.

c. thyroid.

d. thalamus.

Question 15

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Diffusion tensor imaging would be the best choice to examine _____

Select one:

a. individual neuron bundles.

b. a tumor in the brain.

c. a sleep disorder.

d. glucose uptake in the brain.

Question 16

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Dr. Hernandez is researching the effect of a new treatment for depression. She is so excited about this treatment because she is sure it will help people. When she hands out the placebo pills, she is able to keep a neutral expression on her face. When she hands out the actual pills, she can't help but let a little smile curl her lips and she bounces up and down very slightly due to her expectations the pill will really help these people. She is not aware she is doing anything different. As her student, you need to point this out to her to save the study from _____ bias.

Select one:

a. experimenter

b. participant

c. intentional

d. accidental

Question 17

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Dr. Maizenblu was testing out a new medication used to treat depression. He had 150 participants who had varying levels of depression. Because he wanted to see whether a new drug really worked, he separated the severely depressed from the mildly or moderately depressed. He then made sure the severely depressed group actually received the drug while the other group received the placebo. What error, if any, did Dr. Maizenblu make in this experiment?

Select one:

a. He made no error at all.

b. He did not have enough participants in the study.

c. He showed selection bias.

d. He showed unethical treatment of depressed people.

Question 18

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Dr. Rodriguez, an educational psychologist, looks at the student-environment interaction to determine how to improve a student's performance. He is taking the _____ perspective.

Select one:

a. cognitive

b. evolutionary

c. sociocultural

d. behavioral

Question 19

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Dr. Solomon wants a record of the electrical activity in her patient's brain during an epileptic seizure. She would schedule the patient for a _____ appointment.

Select one:

a. magnetic resonance imaging

b. electroencephalograph

c. positron-emission tomography

d. microelectrode testing

Question 20

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Experimental, placebo-controlled studies have demonstrated that using subliminal messages to control appetite or smoking have _____ effect on behavior.

Select one:

a. a slight

b. a powerful

c. a negative

d. no

Question 21

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Heather decides to seek out a therapist to help her work through feelings of anxiety. Her therapist allows her to direct the therapy sessions and discuss what she feels is relevant. Her therapist, who views Heather as an innately good person, also suggests she attend group therapy to learn how to make better choices for herself. Based on this information, to which school of thought does Heather's therapist most likely adhere?

Select one:

a. Sociocultural

b. Psychoanalytic

c. Behaviorism

d. Humanistic

Question 22

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Holly quit smoking years ago, but sometimes she really misses the routine of going out for smoke breaks and starting the morning with coffee and a cigarette. At those times, Holly is struggling with _____

Select one:

a. tolerance.

b. psychological dependence.

c. physical dependence.

d. withdrawal.

Question 23

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

How many physiological and psychological functions are affected by the circadian rhythms?

Select one:

a. two; sleep and wakefulness

b. three; sleep, wakefulness, and temperature

c. virtually every one that has been studied

d. four; sleep, wakefulness, temperature, and digestion

Question 24

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

If we briefly flashed the image of an orange to the right field of vision of an individual after split-brain surgery, they will most likely say they see _____

Select one:

a. nothing.

b. an orange.

c. something but be unable to name it.

d. only something round.

Question 25

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

If we were to design an experiment to test the hypothesis that aspirin takes headaches away, the independent variable would be _____ and the dependent variable would be _____

Select one:

a. headaches; aspirin.

b. aspirin; Tylenol.

c. aspirin; headaches.

d. measured; manipulated.

Question 26

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Immediately after firing, a neuron cannot fire for 1 to 2 milliseconds. This is called the _____ period.

Select one:

a. discharged

b. resting

c. refractory

d. potential

Question 27

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

In the experimental method, the _____ is sometimes referred to as the treatment.

Select one:

a. independent variable

b. dependent variable

c. confounding variable

d. heuristic value

Question 28

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

In the Lang study, aggression was measured by the intensity and duration of "shocks" the participants chose to deliver to the researcher's accomplice. This was the _____ definition of aggression for this experiment.

Select one:

a. research

b. hypothetical

c. operational

d. controlled

Question 29

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Jacob had trouble matching his facial expressions to the appropriate emotion or correctly interpreting others' emotional cues from their facial expressions. He needed more help from his _____

Select one:

a. mirror neurons.

b. social neurons.

c. interpretive neurons.

d. frontal lobes.

Question 30

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Kim wants to talk with a therapist who will see him in a positive light and respect his personal experience while helping him understand his feelings and create a meaningful life. Kim will be most satisfied with a therapist who takes the _____ perspective.

Select one:

a. psychoanalytic

b. humanistic

c. biological

d. sociocultural

Question 31

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Lateralization refers to which of the following?

Select one:

a. the idea that the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body

b. the notion that each hemisphere of the brain specializes in particular functions

c. the procedure in which the corpus callosum is severed

d. the inability to produce speech

Question 32

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Looking like leafless branches of a tree, the _____ are the primary receivers of signals from other neurons, although the _____ also receives signals directly.

Select one:

a. axon; dendrites

b. dendrites; soma

c. soma; dendrites

d. dendrites; axon

Question 33

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Lyta sustained damage to her left hemisphere. Which of these areas is she most likely to have difficulty with as a result of left hemisphere damage?

Select one:

a. language

b. control of the left side of her body

c. interpreting facial expressions

d. perceiving visual-spatial relationships

Question 34

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Malcolm is studying alone in his room when he hears a loud noise downstairs. His heart rate and respiration speed up. He wonders if a burglar has entered the house. When he looks downstairs, he sees that his cat just knocked over a plant. He begins to relax and his heart rate and breathing slow down. Which part of his nervous system is working to return him to a normal state?

Select one:

a. spinal cord

b. somatic nervous system

c. parasympathetic nervous system

d. central nervous system

Question 35

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep and wakefulness, is produced by the _____ gland.

Select one:

a. pineal

b. pituitary

c. parathyroid

d. thymus

Question 36

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Moving toward the back of the head, the last area of the frontal lobe contains the _____

Select one:

a. visual cortex

b. sensory cortex

c. motor cortex

d. parietal lobe

Question 37

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Much of what we know about left and right hemisphere specializations comes from the study of people who had split-brain surgery. This surgery _____

Select one:

a. splits the lobes of the brain apart.

b. severs the corpus callosum between hemispheres.

c. severs the nerves from the spinal cord to the right hemisphere.

d. severs the substantia nigra between hemispheres.

Question 38

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Neurotransmitters have distinct molecular shapes; so do the _____ they bind to.

Select one:

a. myelin sheaths

b. presynaptic neurons

c. vesicles

d. receptors

Question 39

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Nora has had hearing defects since she was a child. She is now 43 and a new procedure to regenerate hair cells in the auditory canal has helped her to have those hearing defects corrected. What most likely occurred in Nora's brain as a result?

Select one:

a. Not much; she was too old to have much brain plasticity.

b. Areas of her brain involved in sound perception changed noticeably.

c. Auditory signals were rerouted to the better functioning visual cortex.

d. Broca's area had trouble interpreting all the new sounds.

Question 40

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Our metabolism, the rate at which food is converted to energy, is controlled by a hormone released by the _____

Select one:

a. parathyroid.

b. adrenal glands.

c. pancreas.

d. thyroid.

Question 41

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Pruning is _____

Select one:

a. a process that eliminates unnecessary and redundant synapses.

b. a medical procedure used to remove brain tumors.

c. the death of brain cells due to disease or damage.

d. the shortening of dendrites to make them more efficient.

Question 42

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Psychology is _____

Select one:

a. a collection of theories that have yet to be tested out.

b. the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

c. the study of supernatural phenomena.

d. just various forms of therapy.

Question 43

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Research has shown that patients' expectations of treatment effectiveness are affected by what a treatment provider is wearing. A white lab coat tends to increase their expectation of effectiveness. Sandra, a research assistant, had no preconceived ideas about her research project, but by chance she wore a white lab coat when working with experimental Group 1, but jeans and a t-shirt when working with experimental Group 2. This created a confounding variable. This confounding variable was a _____

Select one:

a. selection bias.

b. experimenter bias.

c. placebo effect.

d. random effect.

Question 44

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Samuel still felt enraged hours after he was cut off on the highway, and he wanted to hit somebody. This may be because his _____ glands are still signaling his brain, maintaining this response to the earlier threat.

Select one:

a. thymus

b. sex

c. pineal

d. adrenal

Question 45

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Sherrod sees himself as a thinker; he believes that his experience and behavior are shaped by how he perceives, thinks about, and remembers things. He would find a counselor who takes the _____ perspective most compatible with his beliefs.

Select one:

a. psychoanalytic

b. humanistic

c. cognitive

d. sociocultural

Question 46

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Slightly above the ears, the _____ lobes contain the primary _____ cortex, which receives sound input from our ears.

Select one:

a. auditory; temporal

b. temporal; auditory

c. hearing; sound

d. parietal; sensory

Question 47

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Speech sounds register first in the primary _____ cortex; they are then sent to _____ area where they are unscrambled into meaningful patterns of words.

Select one:

a. temporal; Broca's

b. parietal; sensory

c. auditory; Wernicke's

d. sensory; prefrontal

Question 48

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

The area of the brain primarily responsible for higher mental processes such as thinking and language is the cerebral _____

Select one:

a. callosum.

b. cortex.

c. cerebellum.

d. white matter.

Question 49

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

The entire group of interest to researchers and the group to which they want to generalize their findings is called the _____

Select one:

a. sample.

b. representative sample.

c. study group.

d. population.

Question 50

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

The first functional division of the cerebral cortex is _____

Select one:

a. front, top, side and back.

b. into lobes.

c. left and right sides.

d. cerebrum and limbic areas.

Question 51

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

The left hemisphere has regions devoted to _____

Select one:

a. processing emotional cues.

b. visual-spatial processing.

c. math and logic.

d. creative uses of thought and language.

Question 52

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

The most important limitation of the experimental method is that, no matter how careful an experimenter is, factors other than the independent variable can affect different subject groups in the study unequally. These factors are called _____

Select one:

a. dependent variables.

b. confounding variables.

c. selection variables.

d. error variables.

Question 53

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

The myelin sheath and nodes of Ranvier are important because they _____

Select one:

a. protect the neuron.

b. speed neural impulses.

c. create action potential.

d. prevent refractory periods.

Question 54

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

The part of a neuron that extends, tail-like, from the soma, and releases neurotransmitters into the synapse is the _____

Select one:

a. dendrite.

b. glial cell.

c. axon.

d. terminal bud.

Question 55

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

The process of objectively evaluating claims, propositions, and conclusions to determine whether they follow logically from the evidence is known as _____

Select one:

a. critical thinking.

b. evaluation.

c. heuristic thinking.

d. suspension of judgment.

Question 56

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

The third variable problem occurs when one variable, for example your independent variable, is actually linked to another variable that you are not manipulating or controlling for. In this example, what might the third variable be? (Example: The larger a child's shoe size, the more vocabulary she has.)

Select one:

a. her gender

b. her age

c. her dress size

d. her language skills

Question 57

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

The trait of hand preference illustrates that _____

Select one:

a. genes are our destiny.

b. learning outweighs genes.

c. nature always wins.

d. nature and nurture work together.

Question 58

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

The _____ is heavily involved in the learning of fear responses.

Select one:

a. hypothalamus

b. amygdala

c. thalamus

d. pons

Question 59

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

The _____, often referred to as the master gland because it activates other glands, is located _____

Select one:

a. pituitary gland; just above the kidneys.

b. pineal gland; in the lower neck.

c. pituitary gland; near the hypothalamus.

d. pineal gland; just above the kidneys.

Question 60

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Twin studies and studies of adopted children allow behavioral geneticists to research the _____

Select one:

a. polygenic nature of inheritance.

b. relative contributions of genes and environment.

c. ways genes always win over environment.

d. ways environment always wins over genes.

Question 61

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

When a study is completed, researchers have _____

Select one:

a. no further responsibility to the participants.

b. a responsibility to follow them for 6 months to be sure they are okay.

c. a responsibility to debrief the participants.

d. a responsibility to put them in touch with the other participants.

Question 62

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

When seeking sensitive information, such as financial or sexual information, it is probably best to use _____

Select one:

a. trained interviewers.

b. self-administered questionnaires.

c. phone interviews.

d. researcher-administered questionnaires.

Question 63

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

When the researcher's expectations influence participant's behavior and/or the researcher's interpretation of the experimental results, it is called ____

Select one:

a. participant bias.

b. experimenter bias.

c. subject bias.

d. intentional bias.

Question 64

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

When wanting a record of electrical activity in the brain in the form of brain waves, a (an) _____ machine would be used.

Select one:

a. electroencephalogram

b. microelectrode

c. computerized X-ray

d. electrowave spectral imager

Question 65

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Whether a neuron fires or not depends on _____

Select one:

a. whether it is an excitatory neuron.

b. the sum of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters it receives.

c. what type of neurotransmitter the neuron makes.

d. whether the neuron is myelinated or not.

Question 66

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Which of the following brain structures is involved in regulating hunger, thirst, temperature, and sexual behavior?

Select one:

a. pons

b. thalamus

c. amygdala

d. hypothalamus

Question 67

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Which of the following is an example of applied research?

Select one:

a. studying what methods work to improve memory

b. studying the difference between short and long-term memory

c. studying the neurochemistry of memory

d. altering memory in mice to better understand memory storage

Question 68

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Which of the following is required in order to benefit from meditation?

Select one:

a. a spiritual belief

b. self-discipline

c. a licensed therapist

d. a decade of practice

Question 69

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Which of the following psychological perspectives covered in your text emphasizes the role of physical processes and structures, as well as familial heredity, in explaining behavior?

Select one:

a. the biological perspective

b. the medical perspective

c. the evolutionary perspective

d. the humanistic perspective

Question 70

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Which of the following represents the strongest correlation?

Select one:

a. .34

b. -.45

c. -.28

d. .00

Question 71

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Which of the following would limit the effectiveness of the experimental method?

Select one:

a. random assignment

b. selection bias

c. independent variables

d. representative samples

Question 72

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

Wilder Penfield, a neurosurgeon, developed a map of the _____ cortex by stimulating different areas in conscious patients undergoing neurosurgery.

Select one:

a. visual

b. sensory

c. motor

d. parietal

Question 73

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

_____ is the most objective method known for acquiring knowledge.

Select one:

a. Observational research

b. The scientific method

c. A pilot study

d. A case study

Question 74

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

_____ perception is the capacity to perceive and respond to stimuli presented below the threshold of awareness.

Select one:

a. Subliminal

b. Extrasensory

c. Synesthetic

d. Abnormal

Question 75

Not yet answered

Marked out of 2.00

Flag question

Question text

_____, produced by the _____ gland(s), plays a role in activating the _____ nervous system.

Select one:

a. Testosterone; gonads; central

b. Epinephrine; adrenal; sympathetic

c. Epinephrine; adrenal; parasympathetic

d. Progesterone; pituitary; sympathetic

Bottom of Form