Data communications and computer networks curt white pdf

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S E V E N T H E D I T I O N

Data Communications and Computer Networks A Business User’s Approach

Curt M. White DePaul University

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Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User’s Approach, Seventh Edition Curt M. White

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Brief Contents

PREFACE xv

1 Introduction to Computer Networks and Data Communications 1

2 Fundamentals of Data and Signals 29 3 Conducted and Wireless Media 63 4 Making Connections 103 5 Making Connections Efficient:

Multiplexing and Compression 121 6 Errors, Error Detection, and Error Control 149 7 Local Area Networks: Part 1 175 8 Local Area Networks: Part II 207 9 Introduction to Metropolitan Area

Networks and Wide Area Networks 241 10 The Internet 269 11 Voice and Data Delivery Networks 307 12 Network Security 339 13 Network Design and Management 373

GLOSSARY 401

INDEX 415

v

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Contents

PREFACE xv

1 Introduction to Computer Networks and Data Communications 1 The Language of Computer Networks 3 The Big Picture of Networks 4 Communications Networks—Basic Layouts 5

Microcomputer-to-local area network layouts 6 Microcomputer-to-Internet layouts 7 Local area network-to-local area network layouts 7 Personal area network-to-workstation layouts 8 Local area network-to-metropolitan area network layouts 9 Local area network-to-wide area network layouts 9 Wide area network-to-wide area network layouts 10 Sensor-to-local area network layouts 10 Satellite and microwave layouts 11 Cell phone layouts 11 Terminal/microcomputer-to-mainframe computer layouts 12

Convergence 13 Network Architectures 14

The TCP/IP protocol suite 15 The OSI model 18 Logical and physical connections 20

Network Layouts in Action 22 The TCP/IP Protocol Suite in Action 23 Summary 24 Key Terms 26 Review Questions 26 Exercises 26 Thinking Outside the Box 27 Hands-On Projects 27

vii

2 Fundamentals of Data and Signals 29 Data and Signals 31

Analog vs. digital 32 Fundamentals of signals 35

Converting Data into Signals 39 Transmitting analog data with analog signals 40 Transmitting digital data with digital signals: digital encoding schemes 40 Transmitting digital data with discrete analog signals 45 Transmitting analog data with digital signals 48

Data Codes 51 EBCDIC 53 ASCII 54 Unicode 55

Data and Signal Conversions in Action: Two Examples 56 Summary 58 Key Terms 58 Review Questions 59 Exercises 59 Thinking Outside the Box 60 Hands-On Projects 61

3 Conducted and Wireless Media 63 Conducted Media 64

Twisted pair wire 64 Coaxial cable 69 Fiber-optic cable 70

Wireless Media 74 Media Selection Criteria 91 Conducted Media in Action: Two Examples 94 Wireless Media in Action: Three Examples 96 Summary 99 Key Terms 99 Review Questions 100 Exercises 100 Thinking Outside the Box 101 Hands-On Projects 102

4 Making Connections 103 Interfacing a Computer to Peripheral Devices 104

Characteristics of interface standards 105 An early interface standard 106 Universal Serial Bus (USB) 106 Other interface standards 108

Data Link Connections 110 Asynchronous connections 110 Synchronous connections 112 Isochronous connections 113

Terminal-to-Mainframe Computer Connections 113 Making Computer Connections in Action 115 Summary 116 Key Terms 117 Review Questions 117 Exercises 118 Thinking Outside the Box 118 Hands-On Projects 119

viii Contents

5 Making Connections Efficient: Multiplexing and Compression 121 Frequency Division Multiplexing 122 Time Division Multiplexing 125

Synchronous time division multiplexing 125 Statistical time division multiplexing