Loading...

Messages

Proposals

Stuck in your homework and missing deadline? Get urgent help in $10/Page with 24 hours deadline

Get Urgent Writing Help In Your Essays, Assignments, Homeworks, Dissertation, Thesis Or Coursework & Achieve A+ Grades.

Privacy Guaranteed - 100% Plagiarism Free Writing - Free Turnitin Report - Professional And Experienced Writers - 24/7 Online Support

Describe the three psychological dimensions of vision

07/01/2021 Client: saad24vbs Deadline: 10 Days

Psychology


Twelfth Edition


Chapter 6


Sensation and Perception


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Our Sensational Senses


LO 6.1.A Distinguish between the basic processes of sensation and perception, explain how the doctrine of specific nerve energies applies to perception, and discuss how synesthesia contributes to our understanding of sensory modalities.


LO 6.1.B Differentiate between absolute thresholds, difference thresholds, and signal detection.


LO 6.1.C Discuss why the principle of sensory adaptation helps us understand how the human perceptual system works.


LO 6.1.D Describe how selective attention and inattentional blindness are related.


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


The Riddle of Separate Sensations (1 of 5)


Sensation is the detection of physical energy emitted or reflected by physical objects.


The cells that do the detecting are located in the sense organs:


eyes


ears


tongue


nose


skin


internal body tissues


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


The Riddle of Separate Sensations (2 of 5)


Perception is the process by which sensory impulses are organized and interpreted.


Sensation begins with the sense receptors, cells located in the sense organs.


Receptors for smell, pressure, pain, and temperature are extensions (dendrites) of sensory neurons.


The receptors convert the energy of a stimulus into electrical impulses that travel along nerves to the brain.


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


The Riddle of Separate Sensations (3 of 5)


Separate sensations in the nervous system can be accounted for by:


anatomical codes (as set forth by the doctrine of specific nerve energies)


Müller


functional codes


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


The Riddle of Separate Sensations (4 of 5)


Sensory crossover from one modality to another can sometimes occur.


In synesthesia, sensation in one modality consistently evokes a sensation in another.


A person with synesthesia may say things like:


the color purple smells like a rose


the aroma of cinnamon feels like velvet


the sound of a note on a clarinet tastes like cherries


The neurological basis of synesthesia is uncertain.


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


The Riddle of Separate Sensations (5 of 5) Figure 6.1 The General Process of Sensation


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Although the Individual senses respond to different kinds of energy in the world, the overall process of sensation is the same.


7


Measuring the Senses (1 of 3)


Psychological scientists specializing in psychophysics have studied sensory sensitivity by measuring absolute and difference thresholds.


Absolute threshold: The smallest quantity of physical energy that can be reliably detected by an observer.


Difference threshold: The smallest difference in stimulation that can be reliably detected by an observer when two stimuli are compared; also called just noticeable difference (jnd).


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Measuring the Senses (2 of 3)


Signal-detection theory, however, holds that responses in a detection task depend on both:


a sensory process, and


a decision process


Responses will vary with the person’s:


motivation


alertness


expectations


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Measuring the Senses (3 of 3) Figure 6.2 The Visible Spectrum of Electromagnetic Energy


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Our visual system detects only a small fraction of the electromagnetic energy around us.


10


Sensory Adaptation


Our senses are designed to respond to change and contrast in the environment.


When stimulation is unchanging, sensory adaptation occurs.


sensation fades or disappears


Too little stimulation can cause sensory deprivation.


The human brain requires a minimum amount of sensory stimulation to function normally.


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Sensing without Perceiving


Selective attention prevents us from being overwhelmed by the countless stimuli impinging on our senses.


It allows us to focus on what is important.


It also deprives us of sensory information we may need, as in inattentional blindness.


Example: failing to consciously register objects that we are looking straight at


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Vision (1 of 2)


LO 6.2.A Describe the three psychological dimensions of vision, and relate them to the three physical properties of light that produce them.


LO 6.2.B Locate the structures and cells of the human eye, tracing the path that light follows all the way from the cornea to the optic nerve.


LO 6.2.C Summarize the evidence indicating that the visual system is not simply a “camera.”


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Vision (2 of 2)


LO 6.2.D Compare the strengths and weaknesses of the trichromatic and opponent-process theories of color vision.


LO 6.2.E Summarize the principles and processes that guide form perception, depth and distance perception, visual constancies, and visual illusions.


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


What We See (1 of 2)


The stimulus for vision is light, which is a form of electromagnetic radiation.


Vision is affected by the wavelength, intensity, and complexity of light.


These produce the psychological dimensions of visual experience:


hue


brightness


saturation


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


What We See (2 of 2) Figure 6.3 Psychological Dimensions of the Visual World


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Variations in brightness, hue, and saturation represent psychological dimensions of vision that correspond to the intensity, wavelength, and complexity of wavelengths of light.


16


An Eye on the World (1 of 7)


The visual receptors are located in the retina of the eye.


rods


cones


They send signals (via other cells) to the ganglion cells and ultimately to the optic nerve.


The optic nerve carries visual information to the brain.


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


An Eye on the World (2 of 7)


Rods are responsible for vision in dim light.


Cones are responsible for color vision.


The process of dark adaptation involves chemical changes in the rods and cones.


Example: It takes time for our eyes to adjust fully to dim illumination.


Rods and cones are connected by synapses to bipolar cells, which in turn communicate with neurons called ganglion cells.


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


An Eye on the World (3 of 7)


The axons of the ganglion cells converge to form the optic nerve.


The optic nerve carries information out through the back of the eye and on to the brain.


Where the optic nerve leaves the eye, at the optic disk, there are no rods or cones.


The absence of receptors produces a blind spot in the field of vision.


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


An Eye on the World (4 of 7) Figure 6.4 Major Structures of the Eye


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Light passes through the pupil and lens and is focused on the retina at the back of the eye. The point of sharpest vision is at the fovea.


20


An Eye on the World (5 of 7) Figure 6.5 The Retinal Image


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved


When we look at an object, the light pattern on the retina is upside down. René Descartes was probably the first person to demonstrate this fact. He cut a piece from the back of an ox’s eye and replaced the piece with paper. When he held the eye up to the light, he saw an upside-down image of the room on the paper. You could take any ordinary lens and get the same result.

Homework is Completed By:

Writer Writer Name Amount Client Comments & Rating
Instant Homework Helper

ONLINE

Instant Homework Helper

$36

She helped me in last minute in a very reasonable price. She is a lifesaver, I got A+ grade in my homework, I will surely hire her again for my next assignments, Thumbs Up!

Order & Get This Solution Within 3 Hours in $25/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 3 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 6 Hours in $20/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 6 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 12 Hours in $15/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 12 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

6 writers have sent their proposals to do this homework:

Helping Hand
University Coursework Help
Top Essay Tutor
Quick Mentor
Coursework Assignment Help
Writer Writer Name Offer Chat
Helping Hand

ONLINE

Helping Hand

I am an Academic writer with 10 years of experience. As an Academic writer, my aim is to generate unique content without Plagiarism as per the client’s requirements.

$100 Chat With Writer
University Coursework Help

ONLINE

University Coursework Help

Hi dear, I am ready to do your homework in a reasonable price.

$102 Chat With Writer
Top Essay Tutor

ONLINE

Top Essay Tutor

I have more than 12 years of experience in managing online classes, exams, and quizzes on different websites like; Connect, McGraw-Hill, and Blackboard. I always provide a guarantee to my clients for their grades.

$105 Chat With Writer
Quick Mentor

ONLINE

Quick Mentor

Hey, I have gone through your job posting and become very much interested in working with you.I can deliver professional content as per your requirements. I am a multi-skilled person with sound proficiency in the English language for being a native writer who worked on several similar projects of content writing and can deliver quality content to tight deadlines. I am available for both online and offline writing jobs with the promise of offering an incredibly responsive and supreme level of customer service. Thanks!

$95 Chat With Writer
Coursework Assignment Help

ONLINE

Coursework Assignment Help

Hey, I have gone through your job posting and become very much interested in working with you.I can deliver professional content as per your requirements. I am a multi-skilled person with sound proficiency in the English language for being a native writer who worked on several similar projects of content writing and can deliver quality content to tight deadlines. I am available for both online and offline writing jobs with the promise of offering an incredibly responsive and supreme level of customer service. Thanks!

$95 Chat With Writer

Let our expert academic writers to help you in achieving a+ grades in your homework, assignment, quiz or exam.

Similar Homework Questions

Emperor of china sparknotes - Generalized Anxiety Disorder - Tree diagram with replacement - Week 7 Assignment: Case Study - How do you use the controlled braking technique - Mindless behavior posters at target - 4-45 Cost Accumulation and Allocation - Parts integration nlp script - What is not a function of the skeletal system - Teaching line breaks in poetry - Consumer health barrett 9th edition - Draw a dichotomous key - Discussion Question - Rotary motion to reciprocating motion mechanism - Persuasive speech mental illness - Upscaling university education during and beyond covid-19 whither africa - Jinx episode 3 escape from area 52 - (Rok) week 7 discussion Fin100 - Zaditen eye drops side effects - A single displacement reaction - Gordon rule paper - Henkel building a winning culture case solution - MEASURE - How to tell a true war story answers - Bjerrum visual field test - Swot beer - History - Discussion Board - Finite fields in cryptography and network security - The book thief historical accuracy - Carnivàle season 1 episode 12 - How to become a chelsea member - The mean amount purchased by a typical customer - Cyrus beck line clipping algorithm - Layers of the earth diagram - Which family of instruments does a trumpet belong to - Heat of solution lab report answers - Help capsim comp xm - Criminal Justice: Assignment 1 - Amoeba sisters video recap sex linked traits - Influences on culture: Society - Wsp montreal quebec canada - Metal frame picture style powerpoint - East wickham primary academy - The effect of scalability on virtualization - Unit 7 Research Paper 3 (HRM303) - Marketers don t create needs needs preexist marketers - Environmental sciences - Assignment Help- Website hosting and Contenet management - Yahoo finance api json - Katy perry - firework - Forensic Accounting - Discussion Post - Extravagant hypothesis fallacy definition - Cys p9 - Duplicity in richard iii - Returns to scale microeconomics - Standpoint Theory Critical Thinking Question - Week 4 - Assignment 4 - HELP - Tony hsieh at zappos structure culture and radical change - Bank of america's consumer spending survey collected data - Types of orchard farms in the philippines - Video Case - Carmex - Sample process recording mental health - Decomposition of calcium carbonate lab - Myeclassonline com login - Organizational culture and readiness assessment tool for ebp - Avaya one x agent license cost - Dive instructor job description - Service oriented software engineering ppt - Healthcare Management - Flight progress strip template - Introduction to conflict resolution - Mineralocorticoid is to aldosterone as glucocorticoid is to ________. - Jacksons used cars hobart - Whiston hospital blood tests - Cipd level 5 employment law assignment - What do women want kim addonizio - Equifax Data Breach - Is loge the same as ln - Abstract algebra dan saracino pdf - What makes a good book - The trust school aamir town lahore - Search and Seizure - Assessment 3 Information - Kaiser and rasminsky challenging behavior - 7152 fair oaks ave apt 1026 dallas tx 75231 - El yunque food web - An olympic high jumper leaps over - Continental carriers inc case study - Financial accounting - Motor program theory - 735 Wk 11 DQ 1 - Nursing Informatics Assignment - What are some of the non-monetary statistics that have an effect on financial management of a healthcare organization? - Cpt code for subsequent peritoneal lavage - Week seven discussion board reply - HR_STR (U2_2) - Latitude longitude and time lab answers - HSA 599 WEEK 10 DISCUSSION