Loading...

Messages

Proposals

Stuck in your homework and missing deadline? Get urgent help in $10/Page with 24 hours deadline

Get Urgent Writing Help In Your Essays, Assignments, Homeworks, Dissertation, Thesis Or Coursework & Achieve A+ Grades.

Privacy Guaranteed - 100% Plagiarism Free Writing - Free Turnitin Report - Professional And Experienced Writers - 24/7 Online Support

Dimensions of information systems ppt

22/10/2021 Client: muhammad11 Deadline: 2 Day

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

What ethical, social, and political issues are raised by information systems?
What specific principles for conduct can be used to guide ethical decisions?
Why do contemporary information systems technology and the Internet pose challenges to the protection of individual privacy and intellectual property?
How have information systems affected everyday life?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Recent cases of failed ethical judgment in business:
Barclay’s Bank, IBM, Walmart (building permits.)
In many, information systems used to bury decisions from public scrutiny
Ethics
Principles of right and wrong that individuals, acting as free moral agents, use to make choices to guide their behaviors
Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Information systems and ethics
Information systems raise new ethical questions because they create opportunities for:
Intense social change, threatening existing distributions of power, money, rights, and obligations
New kinds of crime
Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

A model for thinking about ethical, social, and political Issues
Society as a calm pond
IT as rock dropped in pond, creating ripples of new situations not covered by old rules
Social and political institutions cannot respond overnight to these ripples—it may take years to develop etiquette, expectations, laws
Requires understanding of ethics to make choices in legally gray areas
Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

The introduction of new information technology has a ripple effect, raising new ethical, social, and political issues that must be dealt with on the individual, social, and political levels. These issues have five moral dimensions: information rights and obligations, property rights and obligations, system quality, quality of life, and accountability and control.

Figure 4-1

THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG ETHICAL, SOCIAL, POLITICAL ISSUES IN AN INFORMATION SOCIETY

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Five moral dimensions of the information age:
Information rights and obligations. What information rights do individuals and organizations possess with respect to themselves?
Property rights and obligations. How will traditional intellectual property rights be protected in a digital society.
Accountability and control. Who can and will be held accountable and liable for the harm done ?
System quality. What standards of data and system quality should we demand to protect individual rights and the safety of society?
Quality of life. What values should be preserved in an information- and knowledge-based society?
Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Key technology trends that raise ethical issues
Doubling of computer power
More organizations depend on computer systems for critical operations.
our dependence on systems and our vulnerability to system errors and poor data quality have increased.
Rapidly declining data storage costs
Organizations can easily maintain detailed databases on individuals.
Networking advances and the Internet
Copying data from one location to another and accessing personal data from remote locations are much easier.
Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Advances in data analysis techniques
Profiling
Combining data from multiple sources to create dossiers of detailed information on individuals
Nonobvious relationship awareness (NORA)
Combining data from multiple sources to find obscure hidden connections that might help identify criminals or terrorists
Mobile device growth
Tracking of individual cell phones
Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems

In 2011, the two largest credit card networks, Visa Inc. and MasterCard Inc.,

were planning to link credit card purchase information with consumer social

network and other information to create customer profiles that could be sold to

advertising firms.

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

NORA technology can take information about people from disparate sources and find obscure, nonobvious relationships. It might discover, for example, that an applicant for a job at a casino shares a telephone number with a known criminal and issue an alert to the hiring manager.

Figure 4-2

NONOBVIOUS RELATIONSHIP AWARENESS (NORA)

for example, instantly discover a man at an airline ticket counter who shares a phone number with a known terrorist before that

person boards an airplane.

NORA can take information about people

from many disparate sources, such as employment applications, telephone

records, customer listings, and “wanted” lists, and correlate relationships

to find obscure hidden connections that might help identify criminals or

terrorists

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Ethical choices are decisions made by individuals who are responsible for the consequences of their actions.
Basic concepts for ethical analysis
Responsibility:
Accepting the potential costs, duties, and obligations for decisions
Accountability:
Mechanisms for identifying responsible parties
Liability:
Permits individuals (and firms) to recover damages done to them
Due process:
Laws are well-known and understood, with an ability to appeal to higher authorities to ensure that the laws are applied correctly.
Ethics in an Information Society

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Five-step ethical analysis
Identify and clearly describe the facts.

Define the conflict or dilemma and identify the higher-order values involved:

Dilemma: two diametrically opposed courses of action that support worthwhile values.
Identify the stakeholders:

who have an interest in the outcome
Identify the options that you can reasonably take.

You may find that none of the options satisfy all the interests involved
Identify the potential consequences of your options.

Ethics in an Information Society

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Candidate ethical principles
Golden Rule
Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.
Immanuel Kant’s Categorical Imperative
If an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone.
Ask yourself, “If everyone did this, could the organization, or society, survive?”
Descartes’ Rule of Change
If an action cannot be taken repeatedly, it is not right to take at all.
action may bring about a small change now that is acceptable, but if it is repeated, it would bring unacceptable changes in the long run
Ethics in an Information Society

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Candidate ethical principles (cont.)
Utilitarian Principle
Take the action that achieves the higher or greater value.
Risk Aversion Principle
Take the action that produces the least harm or potential cost.
Ethical “No Free Lunch” Rule
Assume that virtually all tangible and intangible objects are owned by someone unless there is a specific declaration otherwise.
If something someone else has created is useful to you, it has value, and you should assume the creator wants compensation for this work.
Ethics in an Information Society

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Information rights: privacy and freedom in the Internet age
Privacy:
Claim of individuals to be left alone, free from surveillance or interference from other individuals, organizations, or state; claim to be able to control information about yourself
In the United States, privacy protected by:
First Amendment (freedom of speech)
Fourth Amendment (unreasonable search and seizure)
Additional federal statues (e.g., Privacy Act of 1974)
The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Fair information practices:
Set of principles governing the collection and use of information
Basis of most U.S. and European privacy laws
Based on mutuality of interest between record holder and individual
Restated and extended by FTC in 1998 to provide guidelines for protecting online privacy
Used to drive changes in privacy legislation
Do-Not-Track Online Act of 2011
the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), requiring Web sites to obtain parental permission before collecting information on children under the age of 13.
The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

FTC FIP principles:
Notice/awareness (core principle)
Web sites must disclose practices before collecting data.
Choice/consent (core principle)
Consumers must be able to choose how information is used for secondary purposes.
Access/participation
Consumers must be able to review and contest accuracy of personal data.
The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

FTC FIP principles (cont.)
Security
Data collectors must take steps to ensure accuracy, security of personal data.
Enforcement
Must be mechanism to enforce FIP principles.
The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

European Directive on Data Protection:
apply to all companies providing services in Europe, and require Internet companies like Amazon, Facebook, Apple, Google, and others
Companies must inform people information is collected and disclose how it is stored and used.
Requires informed consent of customer.
EU member nations cannot transfer personal data to countries without similar privacy protection (e.g., the United States).
U.S. businesses use safe harbor framework.
Self-regulating policy and enforcement that meets objectives of government legislation but does not involve government regulation or enforcement.
U.S. businesses would be allowed to use personal data from EU
The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Internet challenges to privacy:
Cookies
Identify browser and track visits to site
the site will welcome you by name and recommend other books of interest based on your past purchases
Super cookies (Flash cookies)
Web beacons (Web bugs)
Tiny graphics embedded in e-mails and Web pages
Monitor who is reading e-mail message or visiting site
Spyware
Surreptitiously installed on user’s computer
May transmit user’s keystrokes or display unwanted ads
Google services and behavioral targeting
The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Cookies are written by a Web site on a visitor’s hard drive. When the visitor returns to that Web site, the Web server requests the ID number from the cookie and uses it to access the data stored by that server on that visitor. The Web site can then use these data to display personalized information.

Figure 4-3

HOW COOKIES IDENTIFY WEB VISITORS

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

The United States allows businesses to gather transaction information and use this for other marketing purposes.
An opt-out model permits the collection of personal information until the consumer specifically requests that the data not be collected.
an opt-in model of informed consent in which a business is prohibited from collecting any personal information
Online industry promotes self-regulation over privacy legislation.
However, extent of responsibility taken varies:
Complex/ambiguous privacy statements
Opt-out models selected over opt-in
Online “seals” of privacy principles
The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Property rights: Intellectual property
Intellectual property: intangible property of any kind created by individuals or corporations
Three main ways that intellectual property is protected:
Trade secret: intellectual work or product belonging to business, not in the public domain
Software that contains novel or unique elements, procedures, or compilations
Copyright: statutory grant protecting intellectual property from being copied for the life of the author, plus 70 years
Patents: grants creator of invention an exclusive monopoly on ideas behind invention for 20 years
in 2011, Apple sued Samsung for violating its patents for iPhones, iPads, and iPods.
The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Challenges to intellectual property rights
Digital media different from physical media (e.g., books)
Ease of replication
Ease of transmission (networks, Internet)
Difficulty in classifying software
Compactness
Difficulties in establishing uniqueness
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
Makes it illegal to circumvent technology-based protections of copyrighted materials
The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Accountability, liability, control
Computer-related liability problems
If software fails, who is responsible?
If seen as part of machine that injures or harms, software producer and operator may be liable.
If seen as similar to book, difficult to hold author/publisher responsible.
What should liability be if software seen as service?
ATM machines are a service provided to bank customers
Would this be similar to telephone systems not being liable for transmitted messages?
The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

System quality: Data quality and system errors
What is an acceptable, technologically feasible level of system quality?
Flawless software is economically unfeasible.
Three principal sources of poor system performance:
Software bugs, errors
Hardware or facility failures
Poor input data quality (most common source of business system failure)
The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Quality of life: Equity, access, boundaries
Negative social consequences of systems
Balancing power: although computing power decentralizing, key decision making remains centralized
Rapidity of change: businesses may not have enough time to respond to global competition
Maintaining boundaries: computing, Internet use lengthens work-day, infringes on family, personal time
Dependence and vulnerability: public and private organizations ever more dependent on computer systems
The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

like Google, Apple, Yahoo, Amazon, and Microsoft have come to dominate the collection and analysis of personal private information of all citizens

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Health risks:
Repetitive stress injury (RSI)
Largest source is computer keyboards
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
Computer vision syndrome (CVS)
Eyestrain and headaches related to screen use
Technostress
Aggravation, impatience, fatigue
The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems

*

4.*

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Management Information Systems

Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems

Homework is Completed By:

Writer Writer Name Amount Client Comments & Rating
Instant Homework Helper

ONLINE

Instant Homework Helper

$36

She helped me in last minute in a very reasonable price. She is a lifesaver, I got A+ grade in my homework, I will surely hire her again for my next assignments, Thumbs Up!

Order & Get This Solution Within 3 Hours in $25/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 3 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 6 Hours in $20/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 6 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

Order & Get This Solution Within 12 Hours in $15/Page

Custom Original Solution And Get A+ Grades

  • 100% Plagiarism Free
  • Proper APA/MLA/Harvard Referencing
  • Delivery in 12 Hours After Placing Order
  • Free Turnitin Report
  • Unlimited Revisions
  • Privacy Guaranteed

6 writers have sent their proposals to do this homework:

Top Grade Essay
Top Academic Tutor
Top Quality Assignments
Chartered Accountant
Writing Factory
Helping Hand
Writer Writer Name Offer Chat
Top Grade Essay

ONLINE

Top Grade Essay

As per my knowledge I can assist you in writing a perfect Planning, Marketing Research, Business Pitches, Business Proposals, Business Feasibility Reports and Content within your given deadline and budget.

$21 Chat With Writer
Top Academic Tutor

ONLINE

Top Academic Tutor

I have read your project description carefully and you will get plagiarism free writing according to your requirements. Thank You

$24 Chat With Writer
Top Quality Assignments

ONLINE

Top Quality Assignments

I have read your project details and I can provide you QUALITY WORK within your given timeline and budget.

$25 Chat With Writer
Chartered Accountant

ONLINE

Chartered Accountant

I have done dissertations, thesis, reports related to these topics, and I cover all the CHAPTERS accordingly and provide proper updates on the project.

$28 Chat With Writer
Writing Factory

ONLINE

Writing Factory

I have assisted scholars, business persons, startups, entrepreneurs, marketers, managers etc in their, pitches, presentations, market research, business plans etc.

$50 Chat With Writer
Helping Hand

ONLINE

Helping Hand

I have read your project details and I can provide you QUALITY WORK within your given timeline and budget.

$32 Chat With Writer

Let our expert academic writers to help you in achieving a+ grades in your homework, assignment, quiz or exam.

Similar Homework Questions

Eg america tom thumb rewards card - A partial listing of costs incurred during december at gagnier corporation appears below: - Reliance foundry bike racks - Where is the coriolis effect the largest - History - Tall story summary per chapter - 2015 hsc general maths answers - Barbano v madison county case brief - Handbook of informatics for nurses & healthcare professionals 6th edition - My body politic - Word chapter 1 grader project homework 3 project g - Dangerous laughter steven millhauser pdf - Halving method in maths - Bmw ultimate driving experience santa anita - Shen zhou poet on a mountaintop - Irwell unit fairfield hospital - How to get marketo certified - Bleasdale mulberry tree cabernet sauvignon 2013 - How to word search in pdf - English essay - Risk assessment activity worksheet - The distinction between operating and nonoperating income relates to: - Whs risk assessment form - Hyperbole in the crucible - Healthcare Administration Issues - What part does negotiation play in patient education - What is credible evidence in nursing - Marion nestle the supermarket prime real estate pdf - Threshold concepts in women's and gender studies chapter 1 - Ltcl piano repertoire list - Assignment - Blindspot chapter 3 summary - What is fraser competence - Slo examples for reading - F3 retail theft take mdse - Franchising is pursued primarily by manufacturing companies - Nursing diagnosis risk for falls as evidenced by - Chin chin china chip chop chop poem - Concept analysis in Nursing (QUALITY) - Denominational switching in australia post 1945 - 615_DB5 - Proteins and enzymes worksheet - Hyundai imax seat configuration - Descargar Tono de Llamada: Personaliza Tu Experiencia Telefónica - Human behavior negative and positive effects on the environment - How to get invoice from taobao - Love song of j alfred prufrock beginning - Case Study - Iec 60364 7 714 - Discussion - Theo chocolate strategy formulation and execution - Sample employee observation report - Amazon partnership with ripple - 25 st clair road wantirna south - To kill a mockingbird quotes with page numbers - Data flow diagram microsoft - Find the attachment look for question 3, it's summary report - Jiminy's cricket farm issued a 30 year 7 percent - Http njaes rutgers edu money riskquiz - Grasslin uk ltd tonbridge kent - Write a 1- to 2-page essay in which you connect this course to your own career or personal life. Imagine the audience for this essay is someone who is interested in finding out about your experience with this course and the programming language. - Student letting agents brighton - Statement of Purpose - Hendrich ii fall risk model - Milton keynes 99 bus fare - Reflection and refraction lab report answers - Section 12.3 gathering weather data worksheet answers - Rhetorical devices practice worksheet - Preparation of cinnamic acid from benzaldehyde - Salmonella in the caribbean summary - Cardiac Physiology: Electrical Activity - At price p1 the firm in figure 11.1 would produce - Aci 551.2 r 15 pdf - Singular form of villi - Herbs as medicine speech - Blue ocean strategy table of contents - Funeral blues stop all the clocks - Academic assignment - 1-5 rating scale excellent to poor - Interactive metronome equipment cost - Iodination of acetone prelab - The president of southern semiconductor corporation ssc - Biology 101 questions and answers - Sadie coles rudolf stingel - Fast food nation sparknotes chapter 2 - Address and postcode nz - Electrolysis science fair - Evacal d3 side effects - ACCOUNTING COST SYSTEMS AND COST BEHAVIOR - Section 7.3 energy changes in reactions worksheet - Verizon custom tv infotainment & drama - How to find the moment of a force - Commonwealth grants commission formula - Potential energy problems worksheet - Differentiate between oxidizing agent and reducing agent - Respond - Literary essay on wonder - Critical Thinking at the Bedside - Autocad 2d drawing exercise - 5 pages - Management & Leadership of Organizations