Dorothy johnson ppt

opyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Chapter 7
Dorothy Johnson’s Behavioral System Model and Its Applications

Developed by Bonnie Pope, and S. Gordon (2010)

Updated by D. Gullett (2014)

*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

On completion of this chapter, students will be able to:
Discuss paradigmatic origins of Johnson’s Model

Discuss the five core principles of Dorothy Johnson’s Behavioral Systems Model.

Identify the eight subsystems of Dorothy Johnson’s Behavioral Systems Model and discuss their interrelationship.

Describe Johnson’s definition of person, environment, health, and nursing.

Discuss the role of the Behavioral Systems Model in nursing practice, administration, research, and education.

*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Introducing the Theorist Dorothy Johnson

Born August 21, 1919, in Savannah, Georgia
Serves as faculty member
Vanderbilt University School of Nursing
UCLA 1949–1978
Died in 1999
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Education

Earned an Associates in Arts Degree from Armstrong Junior College in Savannah, Georgia in 1938
Earned a Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree from Vanderbilt University in 1942.
Earned a Master of Public Health degree from Harvard in 1948
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Johnson Behavioral System Model (JBSM) Overview

Evolved from philosophical ideas, theory, and research; her clinical background; and many years of thought, discussions, and writing
Influences:
Florence Nightingale
Systems theory
Developmental theory
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Five Core Principals

Wholeness and Order
Stabilization
Reorganization
Hierarchic Interaction
Dialectical Contradiction
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Wholeness and Order
Developmental analogy of wholeness and order is continuity and identity.
Continuity and change can exist across the life span.
Continuity is in the relationship of the parts rather than in their individuality.
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Stabilization

Dynamic systems respond to contextual changes by either a homeostatic or homeorhetic process.
Set point maintained by altering internal conditions to compensate for changes in external conditions.
Nurses act as external regulators.
Monitor patient response, looking for successful adaptation to occur.
Nurses intervene to help patient restore behavioral system balance.
Intervention is not needed if behavioral system balance returns.
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Reorganization
Occurs when the behavioral system encounters new experiences in the environment that cannot be balanced by existing system mechanisms
Nurse acts to provide conditions or resources essential to help the accommodation process:
May impose regulatory or control mechanisms to stimulate or reinforce certain behaviors
May attempt to repair structural components
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Hierarchic Interaction
Hierarchies, or a pattern of relying on particular subsystems, lead to a degree of stability.
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Dialectical Contradiction
Motivational force for behavioral change
Drives/responses developed and modified over time through maturation, experience, and learning
Environmental domains that the person is responding to include the biological, psychological, cultural, familial, social, and physical setting
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Dialectical Contradiction (continued)
Faced with illness or the threat of illness, the person needs to resolve (maintain behavioral system balance of) a cascade of contradictions between goals related to:
Physical status, social roles, and cognitive status.
Nurses’ interventions:
Focus on restoring behavioral system balance
Leading to a new level of development
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Major Concepts of the Model

Person
Subsystems
Health
Nursing and nursing therapeutics
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Person

Viewed as an open system with organized, interrelated, and interdependent subsystems.
The whole of the human organism (system) is greater than the sum of its parts (subsystems).
Wholes and parts create a system with dual constraints: Neither has continuity and identity without the other.
Nursing client viewed as a behavioral system
Behavioral systems are orderly, repetitive, and organized
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Human Behavior Is

Orderly, purposeful, and predictable
Functionally efficient and effective most of the time
Sufficiently stable and recurrent to be amenable to description and exploration
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Subsystems
Are parts of the behavioral system
Carry out specialized tasks/functions needed to maintain the integrity of the whole system
Manage system relationship to the environment
Have a set of behavioral responses that are developed and modified through motivation, experience, and learning
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Each Subsystem

Is composed of at least four structural components that interact in a specific pattern
Goal
Set
Choice
Action
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Goal

This is defined as the desired result or consequence of the behavior.
The basis for the goal is a universal drive whose existence can be supported by scientific research.
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Behavioral Set

Is a predisposition to act in a certain way in a given situation
Represents a relatively stable and habitual behavioral pattern of responses to particular drives or stimuli
Represents learned behavior and is influenced by knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs
*

Copyright © 2015. F.A. Davis Company

Behavioral Set Components
Perseveration
Consistent tendency to react to certain stimuli with the same pattern of behavior
Preparation
Functions to establish priorities for attending or not attending to various stimuli
*