Employee performance expectations are normally made known through

Question 1

A centralized form of organization that emphasizes the upper echelon and direct supervision under Mintzberg's configurations is the:

simple structure.

machine bureaucracy.

professional bureaucracy.

adhocracy.

Question 2

A tall hierarchy of authority is usually associated with:

simple communication chains.

informal and unofficial work roles.

flexible controls.

centralization structures

Question 3

An organization using a weblike structure where some or all of their operating functions are contracted to other organizations would be called a:

network organization.

virtual organization.

cellular organization.

circle organization.

Question 4

The extent to which work activities are defined and routinely performed the same way is known as:

centralization.

standardization.

complexity.

formalization.

Question 5

The part of an organization's external environment that the organization claims for itself with respect to how it fits into its relevant environments is known as the:

task environment.

context.

general environment.

domain.

Question 6

The particular grouping of activities or division of labor performed by an individual is referred to as:

horizontal differentiation.

vertical differentiation.

standardization.

specialization

Question 7

The degree of differentiation most affected by employee's specialized knowledge, education, or training is known as:

spatial differentiation.

vertical differentiation.

horizontal differentiation.

departmental differentiation.

Question 8

The strongest method of horizontal integration is through:

liaison roles.

integrators.

task forces.

teams.

Question 9

A moderately decentralized form of organization that emphasizes a support staff and standardization of work processes defines the:

machine bureaucracy.

professional bureaucracy.

adhocracy.

divisionalized form.

Question 10

If an organization confronts a situation with scarce resources, large amounts of change, and many competitors, the situation would be considered one:

with strategic disadvantage.

where profit will be difficult to achieve.

of high environmental uncertainty.

where a task oriented leadership style is necessary.

Question 11

The process of breaking organizational goals into tasks and dividing work is known as:

integration.

coordination.

differentiation.

organization charting.

Question 12

In contrasting structural roles of managers today with managers of the future managers:

must adopt a relatively narrow functional focus.

will tend to get things done by giving employees orders.

must encourage cross-functional collaboration.

will strictly adhere to boss-employee authority relationships.

Question 13

The degree to which an organization has official rules, regulations, and procedures is called:

standardization.

complexity.

formalization.

specialization.

Question 14

The most appropriate measure of organization size when considering alternative structural designs is:

number of units produced.

total assets.

sales volume.

number of employees.

Question 15

Conditions that include political considerations, broad economic factors, ecological changes, sociocultural demands, and government regulation are considered to be part of the:

task environment.

operational environment.

general environment.

immediate environment.

Question 16

The concept of organizational culture has its roots in:

social psychology.

political science.

economic sociology.

cultural anthropology.

Question 17

Employee performance expectations are normally made known through:

communication of role demands.

various task demands.

the change and acquisition stage of socialization.

facilitation of interpersonal demands.

Question 18

Which of the following artifacts has been argued by researchers to be the most effective way to reinforce values?

Stories

Rituals

Symbols

Ceremonies

Question 19

According to Edgar Schein, leaders play crucial roles in shaping and reinforcing culture. Which of the following is NOT one of the elements considered important to a leader's management of culture?

How leaders hire and fire individuals

How leaders react to crisis

How leaders allocate rewards

How leaders develop strategy

Question 20

A pattern of basic assumptions that are considered valid and that are taught to new members as the way to perceive, think, and feel in an organization is known as:

socialization.

corporate culture.

psychological conditioning.

value system.

Question 21

The use of multiple methods to measure organizational culture is known as:

convergence.

multitrait measurement.

triangulation.

combination measurement.

Question 22

According to the study by Kotter and Heskett on adaptive cultures, the adaptive culture facilitates change to meet the needs of all of the following groups except:

employees.

suppliers.

customers.

stockholders

Question 23

The most visible and accessible level of culture is:

values.

assumptions.

artifacts.

socialization processes.

Question 24

Strong cultures are thought to facilitate performance for three reasons. Which of the following is NOT one of those reasons?

Goal alignment or common goals

Higher level of motivation

Greater tolerance to change

Control without bureaucracy

Question 25

The underlying dimensions of the Kilmann-Saxton Culture-Gap Survey are:

task/role demands of employees and job security/job satisfaction.

behavior and task specifications.

artifacts and assumptions.

technical/human orientation and short-term/long-term time.

Question 26

Compatibility of individual and organizational value systems is known as:

realism.

competence.

duality.

congruence.

Question 27

The focus of Organizational Culture Inventory is:

short-term performance of an organization.

behaviors that help employees fit into an organization.

expectation of managers in an organization.

role demands of an organization.

Question 28

According to Edgar Schein, the essence of culture is:

the interpretations of artifacts.

values.

assumptions.

the intentions behind stories.

Question 29

One of the key concerns of anticipatory socialization is:

learning interpersonal demands.

realistic job previews.

creating role ambiguity.

performance evaluation.

Question 30

Relatively elaborate sets of activities that are repeatedly enacted on important occasions are known as ________.

assumptions.